Abstract:
A resistive voltage divider includes a first resistor and a second resistor electrically connected in series. Each of the resistors is made of an electrically resistive film material and applied in the form of a trace onto an insulating substrate. The divider's voltage ratio has a value between one hundred and one million, where two ends of the trace of the second resistor overlap at least in part with a first and a second) contacting terminal, respectively, and two ends of the trace of the first resistor overlap at least in part with the first and third contacting terminal, respectively. In order to decrease the parasitic capacitance between the first contacting terminal and the third contacting terminal, the second contacting terminal is placed with at least a screening part between the first and the third contacting terminals.
Abstract:
A resistive structure has an improved electric field profile deposited on the surface of a cylindrical insulating substrate. At least one resistive path or trace is provided with a helix-looking shape and is directly printed on the surface of the insulating substrate. A resistive voltage divider includes first and second resistors electrically connected in series, where each resistor is made of one or more traces of electrically resistive film material applied onto a cylindrical insulating substrate. At least one of the traces is shaped like a helix and is applied onto the substrate by direct printing.
Abstract:
A resistive voltage divider includes at least a first and a second resistor electrically connected in series. The resistors are made of an electrically resistive film material and each resistor is applied as a trace onto an insulating substrate. The divider's voltage ratio has a value between one hundred and one million. In order to achieve these high voltage ratios, a third resistor is electrically connected in parallel with the second resistor. The trace of the second and of the third resistor each overlap on one end at least in part with a first contacting terminal and on the respective other end at least in part with a second contacting terminal. A compact size of the divider is maintained by arranging the first and second contacting terminals in an interdigitated manner.
Abstract:
A phase-locked loop is provided for estimating a phase angle of a three-phase reference signal. The phase-locked loop includes a device for calculating an estimated first state and an estimated second state at a fundamental frequency on the basis of the reference signal and the estimated fundamental frequency, a device for calculating a fundamental positive sequence component of the reference signal on the basis of the first state and the second state, a device for calculating a direct component and a quadrature component in a reference frame synchronous with the phase angle on the basis of the fundamental positive sequence component and an estimated phase angle, and a device for determining estimates of the estimated fundamental frequency and the estimated phase angle on the basis of the quadrature component.
Abstract:
A resistive voltage divider includes first and second resistors, which are electrically connected in series and are made of a resistive film material which is applied in the form of a trace onto an insulating substrate. The divider's voltage ratio has a value between ten and one million. To improve the accuracy of the voltage divider, the first and second resistors are made of the same resistive film material, have a trace length above a corresponding specific trace length, and have approximately the same trace width.