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1.发明申请PROCESSES TO REDUCE INTERFACIAL ENRICHMENT OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS UNDER ANODIC OXIDE FILMS AND IMPROVE ANODIZED APPEARANCE OF HEAT TREATABLE ALLOYS 审中-公开减少在阳极氧化膜上合金元素的界面膨胀和改善热处理合金外观的方法
公开(公告)号：WO2016111693A1
公开(公告)日：2016-07-14
申请号：PCT/US2015/010736
申请日：2015-01-09
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： CURRAN, James A. , COUNTS, William A. , HAMANN, Eric W.
CPC classification number: C25D11/08 , C22C21/00 , C22C21/08 , C22C21/10 , C22C21/14 , C22C21/16 , C22C21/18 , C22F1/047 , C22F1/053 , C22F1/057 , C25D11/04 , C25D11/18 , C25D11/24 , C25D11/243 , C25D11/246
Abstract: Anodic oxide coatings and methods for forming anodic oxide coatings on metal alloy substrates are disclosed. Methods involve post-anodizing processes that improve the appearance of the anodic oxide coating or increase the strength of the underlying metal alloy substrates. In some embodiments, a diffusion promoting process is used to promote diffusion of one or more types of alloying elements enriched at an interface between the anodic oxide coating and the metal alloy substrate away from the interface. The diffusion promoting process can increase an adhesion strength of the anodic oxide film to the metal alloy substrate and reduce an amount of discoloration due to the enriched alloying elements. In some embodiments, a post-anodizing age hardening process is used to increase the strength of the metal alloy substrate and to improve cosmetics of the anodic oxide coatings.
Abstract translation: 公开了阳极氧化物涂层和在金属合金基底上形成阳极氧化物涂层的方法。 方法包括后阳极氧化方法，其改善阳极氧化物涂层的外观或增加下面的金属合金基材的强度。 在一些实施方案中，扩散促进方法用于促进富集在阳极氧化物涂层和金属合金基底之间的界面处远离界面的一种或多种类型的合金元素的扩散。 扩散促进过程可以增加阳极氧化膜对金属合金基底的粘合强度，并减少由于富集的合金元素引起的变色量。 在一些实施例中，使用后阳极氧化时代硬化工艺来增加金属合金基底的强度并改善阳极氧化物涂层的化妆品。
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2.发明申请ANODIC OXIDE BASED COMPOSITE COATINGS OF AUGMENTED THERMAL EXPANSIVITY TO ELIMINATE THERMALLY INDUCED CRAZING 审中-公开阳极氧化物基复合涂层的热膨胀热膨胀消除热诱导的破裂
公开(公告)号：WO2017052738A1
公开(公告)日：2017-03-30
申请号：PCT/US2016/043384
申请日：2016-07-21
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： CURRAN, James A. , COUNTS, William A. , FEINBERG, Zechariah D.
CPC classification number: C25D11/246 , C25D7/00 , C25D9/02 , C25D11/20 , C25D11/22 , C25D13/12 , G06F1/16 , H04M1/0283 , H04M1/185
Abstract: A process is disclosed for minimizing the difference in thermal expansivity between a porous anodic oxide coating and its corresponding substrate metal, so as to allow heat treatments or high temperature exposure of the anodic oxide without thermally induced crazing. A second phase of higher thermal expansivity than that of the oxide material is incorporated into the pores of the oxide in sufficient quantity to raise the coating's thermal expansion coefficient. The difference in thermal expansion between the anodic oxide coating and underlying metal substrate is reduced to a level such that thermal exposure is insufficient for any cracking to result. The second phase may be an electrodeposited metal, or an electrophoretically deposited polymer. The second phase may be uniformly deposited to a certain depth, or may be deposited at varying amounts among the pores.
Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于最小化多孔阳极氧化物涂层与其相应的衬底金属之间的热膨胀差的方法，以便允许阳极氧化物的热处理或高温暴露而没有热诱导的裂纹。 比氧化物材料高的热膨胀性的第二阶段以足够的量掺入到氧化物的孔中以提高涂层的热膨胀系数。 阳极氧化物涂层和下面的金属基底之间的热膨胀差减小到使热暴露不足以导致任何开裂的程度。 第二相可以是电沉积金属或电泳沉积的聚合物。 第二相可以均匀地沉积到一定深度，或者可以在孔之间以不同的量沉积。
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3.发明申请PROCESS TO MITIGATE GRAIN TEXTURE DIFFERENTIAL GROWTH RATES IN MIRROR-FINISH ANODIZED ALUMINUM 审中-公开减少米色阳极氧化铝颗粒纹理差异生长速度的方法
公开(公告)号：WO2016164015A1
公开(公告)日：2016-10-13
申请号：PCT/US2015/025000
申请日：2015-04-08
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： CURRAN, James A. , COUNTS, William A. , NOVAK, Sean R.
Abstract: Anodizing processes for providing durable and defect-free anodic oxide films, well suited for anodizing highly reflective surfaces, are described. In some embodiments, the anodizing electrolyte has a sulfuric acid concentration substantially less than conventional type II anodizing. In some embodiments, the electrolyte includes a mixture of sulfuric acid and one or more organic acids. In further embodiments, sulfuric acid is a relatively minor additive to an organic acid, primarily serving to minimize discoloration. The processes enables porous, optically clear, and colorless anodic films to be grown in a manner similar to conventional Type II sulfuric acid anodizing, but at lower current densities and/or higher temperatures, without compromising film surface hardness. The thickness uniformity of the resulting anodic oxide films can be within 5% between grains of {111 }, {110} and {100} surface orientations. Furthermore, the anodic oxide films have minimal incorporated sulfates, thereby avoiding certain cosmetic and structural defects.
Abstract translation: 描述了用于提供耐用且无缺陷的阳极氧化膜的阳极氧化工艺，非常适用于阳极氧化高反射表面。 在一些实施方案中，阳极氧化电解质的硫酸浓度基本上低于常规II型阳极氧化。 在一些实施方案中，电解质包括硫酸和一种或多种有机酸的混合物。 在另外的实施方案中，硫酸是有机酸的相对较小的添加剂，主要用于使变色最小化。 这些方法使多孔，光学透明和无色的阳极膜以类似于常规II型硫酸阳极氧化的方式生长，但是在较低的电流密度和/或更高的温度下生长，而不损害膜的表面硬度。 所得阳极氧化膜的厚度均匀度可以在{111}，{110}和{100}表面取向的晶粒之间的5％以内。 此外，阳极氧化膜具有最小的引入的硫酸盐，从而避免了某些化妆品和结构缺陷。
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公开(公告)号：EP4344178A3
公开(公告)日：2024-06-19
申请号：EP24156666.0
申请日：2020-04-14
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： MEYER, Robert F. , COUNTS, William A. , QUINONES, Michael D. , SHANNON, Jason P. , PAKULA, David A.
CPC classification number: G06F1/203 , H04M1/026 , G06F1/1658
Abstract: An electronic device can include a housing and a support component joined to the housing. The support component can include a thermal conduction layer defining a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The support component can also include a first support layer overlying the first surface and a second support layer overlying the second surface. A ratio of the thickness of the thermal conduction layer to the combined thickness of the first support layer and the second support layer can be at least 1.5.
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公开(公告)号：WO2022133133A1
公开(公告)日：2022-06-23
申请号：PCT/US2021/063887
申请日：2021-12-16
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： MESCHKE, Andrew J. , JOHANNESSEN, Thomas , COUNTS, William A.
IPC: C03B23/03
Abstract: Techniques for making glass components for electronic devices are disclosed. The techniques disclosed herein can be used to modify a glass workpiece to form a three-dimensional glass component, such as a glass cover member. The techniques may involve reshaping the glass workpiece, fusing glass layers of the workpiece, or combinations of these. Glass components and electronic devices including these components are also disclosed.
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Patent Agency Ranking6.发明申请MICRO-ALLOYING TO MITIGATE THE SLIGHT DISCOLORATION RESULTING FROM ENTRAINED METAL IN ANODIZED ALUMINUM SURFACE FINISHES 审中-公开微合金减少沉积在金属铝表面处理中的金属沉淀物的轻度分解
公开(公告)号：WO2017052735A1
公开(公告)日：2017-03-30
申请号：PCT/US2016/043256
申请日：2016-07-21
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： CURRAN, James A. , COUNTS, William A. , MISRA, Abhijeet
Abstract: Micro additions of certain elements such as zirconium or titanium are added to high strength aluminum alloys to counter discoloring effects of other micro-alloying elements when the high strength alloys are anodized. The other micro-alloying elements are added to increase the adhesion of an anodic film to the aluminum alloy substrate. However, these micro-alloying elements can also cause slight discoloration, such as a yellowing, of the anodic film. Such micro-alloying elements that can cause discoloration can include copper, manganese, iron and silver. The micro additions of additional elements, such as one or more of zirconium, tantalum, molybdenum, hafnium, tungsten, vanadium, niobium and tantalum, can dilute the discoloration of the micro-alloying elements. The resulting anodic films are substantially colorless.
Abstract translation: 当将高强度合金阳极氧化时，将诸如锆或钛的某些元素的微量添加物添加到高强度铝合金中以抵抗其它微合金元素的变色效应。 添加其他微合金元素以增加阳极膜与铝合金基底的粘合性。 然而，这些微合金元素也可能引起阳极膜的轻微变色，例如变黄。 这种可能引起变色的微合金元素可以包括铜，锰，铁和银。 附加元素例如锆，钽，钼，铪，钨，钒，铌和钽中的一种或多种的微添加可以稀释微合金元素的变色。 得到的阳极膜基本上是无色的。
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7.发明申请PROCESS FOR EVALUATION OF DELAMINATION-RESISTANCE OF HARD COATINGS ON METAL SUBSTRATES 审中-公开硬质涂层在金属基材上的耐分解性评价方法
公开(公告)号：WO2016160036A1
公开(公告)日：2016-10-06
申请号：PCT/US2015/024349
申请日：2015-04-03
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： HAMANN, Eric W. , COUNTS, William A. , CURRAN, James A.
CPC classification number: G01N3/48 , G01N3/42 , G01N19/04 , G01N2203/0286
Abstract: This disclosure relates to rapid and repeatable tests that can be used to evaluate the interfacial adhesion of coatings to substrates. In particular embodiments, tests are used to assess the resistance of anodic oxides to delamination from aluminum substrates. The tests can be conducted using standard hardness test equipment such as a Vickers indenter, and yield more controlled, repeatable results than a large sample of life-cycle tests such as rock tumble tests. In particular embodiments, the tests involve forming an array of multiple indentations within the substrate such that stressed regions where the coating will likely delaminate are formed and evaluated.
Abstract translation: 本公开涉及可用于评价涂层与基材的界面粘合性的快速且可重复的测试。 在具体实施方案中，使用测试来评估阳极氧化物与铝基材分层的电阻。 测试可以使用诸如维氏压头之类的标准硬度测试设备进行，并且产生比大型生命周期测试（例如岩石翻滚测试）更大的受控重复的结果。 在具体实施方案中，测试包括在衬底内形成多个凹口的阵列，从而形成并评估其中可能分层的应力区域。
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公开(公告)号：EP3688557A1
公开(公告)日：2020-08-05
申请号：EP18786625.6
申请日：2018-09-27
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： SILVANTO, Mikael M. , MATHEW, Dinesh C. , LANCASTER-LAROCQUE, Simon R. , CAO, Robert Y. , THEOBALD, Matthew S. , RAFF, John , LOCKWOOD, Robert J. , MILLER, Ari P. , ROBINSON, Kevin M. , FARAHANI, Houtan R. , FERRETTI, Francesco , KIM, Genie , BIR, Karan , TRIVETT, Simon J. , HENDREN, Keith J. , DEOL, Gurshan , CLARKE, Antonio , SATHYAMURTHY, Prabhu , COUNTS, William A.
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9.发明公开PROCESSES TO REDUCE INTERFACIAL ENRICHMENT OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS UNDER ANODIC OXIDE FILMS AND IMPROVE ANODIZED APPEARANCE OF HEAT TREATABLE ALLOYS 审中-公开一种用于减少合金元素的表面富集IN的阳极氧化层，提高阳极化处理的可热处理合金的外观
公开(公告)号：EP3042983A1
公开(公告)日：2016-07-13
申请号：EP16150283.6
申请日：2016-01-06
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： COUNTS, William A. , HAMANN, Eric W. ,
CPC classification number: C25D11/18 , C25D11/16 , C25D11/243 , C25D11/246
Abstract: Anodic oxide coatings and methods for forming anodic oxide coatings on metal alloy substrates are disclosed. Methods involve post-anodizing processes that improve the appearance of the anodic oxide coating or increase the strength of the underlying metal alloy substrates. In some embodiments, a diffusion promoting process is used to promote diffusion of one or more types of alloying elements enriched at an interface between the anodic oxide coating and the metal alloy substrate away from the interface. The diffusion promoting process can increase an adhesion strength of the anodic oxide film to the metal alloy substrate and reduce an amount of discoloration due to the enriched alloying elements. In some embodiments, a post-anodizing age hardening process is used to increase the strength of the metal alloy substrate and to improve cosmetics of the anodic oxide coatings.
Abstract translation: 阳极氧化膜和形成在金属合金衬底的阳极氧化涂层的方法是游离缺失盘。 方法包括阳极化后处理确实提高阳极氧化皮膜的外观或增加基底金属合金基材的强度。 在一些实施例中，电视节目预告扩散过程婷用于促进在在阳极氧化物涂层和金属合金基材远离界面之间的界面富集的合金元素的一种或多种类型的扩散。 扩散宣传片婷方法可在阳极氧化膜的金属合金基材的粘合强度增加，并减少对变色的量由于富集的合金元素。 在一些实施方案中，阳极氧化后时效硬化工艺用于增加金属合金基材的强度和改善该阳极氧化涂层的化妆品。
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公开(公告)号：EP4344178A2
公开(公告)日：2024-03-27
申请号：EP24156666.0
申请日：2020-04-14
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： MEYER, Robert F. , COUNTS, William A. , QUINONES, Michael D. , SHANNON, Jason P. , PAKULA, David A.
IPC: H04M1/02
Abstract: An electronic device can include a housing and a support component joined to the housing. The support component can include a thermal conduction layer defining a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The support component can also include a first support layer overlying the first surface and a second support layer overlying the second surface. A ratio of the thickness of the thermal conduction layer to the combined thickness of the first support layer and the second support layer can be at least 1.5.
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