Abstract:
Manufacture of impregnating urea/formaldehyde resins in which, in order to achieve particularly high rates of impregnation, urea and formaldehyde are condensed in acid solution until waterincompatibility commences, whereupon the mixture is treated with formaldehyde followed by urea.
Abstract:
In a process for making esters from phthalic acid or anhydride, or an (at least C4) aliphatic saturated or olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid, and an (at least C7) aliphatic alcohol, the product is neutralized with (a) 0.5-10 wt. per cent aq. NaOH or KOH solution to an extent of 80-98%, (b) 1-20% aq. alkali metal carbonate or bicarbonate solution to completion, the residence time in each stage being less than 3 minutes. In examples, phthalic anhydride is reacted with ethylhexanol or isononanol.