Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a process for heterogeneously catalyzed partial gas phase oxidation of propylene to form acrylic acid in the presence of propane as an inert diluent gas.SOLUTION: A starting reaction gas mixture comprising propylene, molecular oxygen, and inert diluent gas propane with a molar O2:C3H6 ratio of 1 or greater is conducted through at least one first catalyst bed whose catalysts have at least one multimetal oxide comprising Mo, Fe and Bi, and a product gas mixture is made with the byproduct cyclopropane content of 3 mol% or less based on the molar amount of propane contained in the starting reaction gas mixture 1, to proceed to a further reaction.
Abstract translation:要解决的问题:提供在丙烷作为惰性稀释气体存在下异丙烯催化的丙烯部分气相氧化形成丙烯酸的方法。溶液:包含丙烯,分子氧和惰性稀释气体的起始反应气体混合物 具有1或更大的O 2 :C 3 H 6摩尔比的丙烷通过至少一个第一催化剂床进行,其催化剂具有至少一种包含Mo,Fe和Bi的多元氧化物,产物气体混合物的副产物环丙烷含量为3 基于起始反应气体混合物1中所含的丙烷摩尔量的摩尔%以下,进行进一步的反应。
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new method for production of acrylic acid by means of heterogeneously catalyzed partial gas phase oxidation of propylene. SOLUTION: There is disclosed the method for producing acrylic acid by means of heterogeneously catalyzed partial gas phase oxidation of propylene in two steps, wherein the propylene used is obtained by previous dehydrogenation of propane; a first oxidation step is operated along with the limited propylene conversion; and unconverted propane and the propylene in the product gas mixture of a second step of partial oxidation are substantially recycled by supplying them into the previous propane dehydrogenation process. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
Procedimiento para la obtención de cloro a partir de cloruro de hidrógeno con los pasos: a) alimentación de una corriente a1 que contiene cloruro de hidrógeno, y una corriente a2 que contiene oxígeno, en una zona de oxidación, y oxidación catalítica de cloruro de hidrógeno para dar cloro, obteniéndose una corriente gaseosa de producto a3 que contiene cloro, agua, oxígeno, dióxido de carbono y gases inertes; b) enfriamiento de la corriente gaseosa de producto a3 y separación de agua y de cloruro de hidrógeno como ácido clorhídrico acuoso, permaneciendo una corriente gaseosa b que contiene cloro, agua, oxígeno, dióxido de carbono y gases inertes; c) secado de la corriente gaseosa b, permaneciendo una corriente gaseosa c sensiblemente anhidra, que contiene cloro, oxígeno, dióxido de carbono y gases inertes; d) licuefacción al menos parcial de la corriente gaseosa c y de una corriente de reflujo f1 rica en cloro, que contiene cloro, oxígeno y dióxido de carbono, mediante compresión y refrigeración, obteniéndose una corriente d licuada al menos parcialmente; e) separación gas/líquido de la corriente de en una corriente gaseosa e1 que contiene cloro, oxígeno, dióxido de carbono y gases inertes, y una corriente líquida e2 que contiene cloro, oxígeno y dióxido de carbono, introduciéndose en una columna y conduciéndose parcialmente en circuito la corriente comprimida d, destilándose de la corriente líquida saliente el oxígeno disuelto en la corriente líquida rica en cloro, y en caso dado gases inertes disueltos, a través de la corriente gaseosa ascendente en la columna, y disolviéndose simultáneamente dióxido de carbono contenido en la corriente gaseosa ascendente de la corriente líquida que se descarga a partir de la corriente gaseosa; f) alimentación de al menos una parte de corriente gaseosa e1 en una unidad de separación por membrana y separación en la corriente de reflujo rica en cloro f1 y una corriente gaseosa f2 pobre en cloro, que contiene cloro, oxígeno y dióxido de carbono, mediante separación por membrana, y recirculación de la corriente de reflujo rica en cloro f1 en el paso d); g) separación de la corriente líquida e2 mediante destilación en una corriente de cloro g1, y una corriente g2 constituida esencialmente por oxígeno y dióxido de carbono; devolviéndose a la zona de oxidación (etapa a) al menos una parte de corriente gaseosa e1 y/o f2.
Abstract:
A process for producing a liquid formulation of salts of sulfonated azo dyes by coupling an at least equimolar amount of diazotized aminoarylsulfonic acids I H2N—Ar—SO3H (I), where Ar is phenylene (which may be monosubstituted by sulfo) or naphthylene (which may be mono- or disubstituted by sulfo and/or monosubstituted by hydroxyl) onto the coupling product of an unsubstituted or methyl-substituted phenylenediamine with itself comprises dissolving the azo dye in a basic medium and then subjecting the solution to a nanofiltration.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for preparing 1,6-hexanediol from a carboxylic acid mixture which comprises adipic acid, 6-hydroxycaproic acid and small amounts of 1,4-cyclohexanediols and is obtained as a by-product in the oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone/cyclohexanol with oxygen or oxygen-containing gases and by water extraction of the reaction mixture, by esterification of the acids and hydrogenation, in which a) the mono- and dicarboxylic acids present in the aqueous dicarboxylic acid mixture are reacted with a low molecular weight alcohol to give the corresponding carboxylic esters, b) the resulting esterification mixture is freed of excess alcohol and low boilers in a first distillation stage, c) a separation of the bottom product is carried out in a second distillation stage into an ester fraction substantially free of 1,4-cyclohexanediols and a fraction comprising at least the majority of the 1,4-cyclohexanediols, d) the ester fraction substantially free of 1,4-cyclohexanediols is catalytically hydrogenated and e) 1,6-hexanediol is obtained in a purifying distillation stage from the hydrogenation effluent while removing an alcohol-low boiler mixture in a manner known per se, wherein alcohol is removed by a membrane system from the mixtures, obtained after the esterification in stage b) and/or after the hydrogenation in stage e), of alcohols and low boilers and recycled into the esterification.
Abstract:
Un proceso para separar al menos un propilen glicol de una mezcla (M) que comprende agua y dicho propilen glicol, comprendiendo dicho proceso (I) evaporar la mezcla en al menos dos etapas de evaporación y/o destilación a presiones de operación decrecientes de los evaporadores y/o columnas de destilación obteniéndose la mezcla (M'') y la mezcla (M''''); Donde la mezcla (M'''') es separada adicionalmente en la mezcla (M-Ia) que comprende al menos 90% en peso de agua y la mezcla (M-Ib) que comprende menos de 95% en peso de agua por medio de ósmosis reversa. (II) separar la mezcla (M'') obtenida en (I) en al menos una etapa adicional de destilación, obteniendo una mezcla (M-I) que comprende al menos 70% en peso de agua y una mezcla (M-II) que comprende menos de 30% en peso de agua.
Abstract:
Separating acrylic acid from a product gas from the gas-phase oxidation of a C 3 precursor on a heterogeneous catalyst comprises transferring acrylic acid and benzoic acid into a liquid phase P, stripping off low boilers to give a liquid phase P* with an acrylic acid content C of at least 80 wt.% and a benzoic acid content of at least 0.01% of C, and crystallizing acrylic acid from liquid phase P*.
Abstract:
The stream containing hydrogen chloride (I) and the stream containing oxygen (II) are fed into an oxidation zone. The hydrogen chloride is oxidized to chlorine. A gas and a water-free gas streams are remained through the cooling and drying. The stream reversal contains chlorine-rich, chlorine, oxygen and carbon dioxide, and the liquefaction is carried out by compression and cooling (6). The gas and the water-free gas streams contain chlorine, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide and inert gases. The Gas/liquid stream is separated into a gas stream containing chlorine, oxygen, carbon dioxide and inert gases and into a fluid stream containing chlorine, oxygen and carbon dioxide. The gas stream is fed into a membrane separation unit (9) and separated into the stream reversal and chlorine-poor, chlorine, oxygen and carbon dioxide containing gas by membrane separation. The liquid stream is separated into a chlorine stream and a stream containing oxygen and carbon dioxide by distillation. The chlorine-poor and the gas stream are led into the oxidation zone, and the chlorine poor is removed.