Abstract:
The invention relates to a catalyst for the catalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen into chlorine, containing ruthenium on a carrier, characterized in that the catalyst contains 0.01 to 10 wt % of silver and/or calcium as (a) doping agent(s). The carrier is preferably made substantially of alpha-aluminum oxide. The catalyst preferably contains a) 0.1 to 10 wt % of ruthenium, b) 0.01 to 5 wt % of silver and/or 0.01 to 5 wt % of calcium, c) 0 to 5 wt % of one or more alkaline earth metals, d) 0 to 5 wt % of one or more alkali metals, e) 0 to 5 wt % of one or more rare earth metals, f) 0 to 5 wt % of one or more additional metals selected from the group consisting of nickel, palladium, platinum, iridium, and rhenium, the percentages being relative to the total weight of the catalyst.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for recovering ruthenium from a spent ruthenium-containing catalyst which contains ruthenium in the form of ruthenium oxide on a support material that is poorly soluble in mineral acid. Said method comprises the following steps: a) the catalyst containing ruthenium oxide is reduced in a gas stream containing hydrogen chloride and an optional inert gas at a temperature ranging from 300 to 500°C; b) the catalyst that has been reduced in step a) and contains metallic ruthenium on the poorly soluble support material is treated with hydrochloric acid in the presence of a gas containing oxygen such that the metallic ruthenium on the support is dissolved in the form of ruthenium(III) chloride and is recovered in the form of aqueous ruthenium(III) chloride solution; c) if necessary, the ruthenium(III) chloride solution obtained in step b) is further processed.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the non-oxidative dehydroaromatization of a feed stream containing C1-C4 aliphatics comprising the steps I, feeding the feed stream E into a reaction zone 1, reacting the feed stream E under non-oxidative conditions in the presence of a particulate catalyst to give a product stream P containing aromatic hydrocarbons, and removing the product stream P from the reaction zone 1; II, transferring the catalyst that is reduced in its activity by deposited coke into a reaction zone 2; III, at least partial regeneration of the catalyst with feed of a hydrogen-containing gas stream H in a reaction zone 2, wherein at least some of the deposited coke is converted into methane and a methane-containing gas stream M is formed that is fed at least in part to the reaction zone 1; IV, removing the catalyst from the reaction zone 2 and V, recirculating at least some of the catalyst that is removed to the reaction zone 1, wherein reaction zone 1 and reaction zone 2 are arranged spatially adjacently in the same reactor.
Abstract:
Procedimiento para la recuperación de rutenio a partir de un catalizador usado que contiene rutenio, el cual contiene rutenio como óxido de rutenio sobre un material de soporte escasamente soluble en ácido mineral, con las etapas: a) el catalizador que contiene óxido de rutenio se reduce en una corriente de gas que contiene cloruro de hidrógeno y opcionalmente un gas inerte a una temperatura de 300 a 500 °C; b) el catalizador reducido en la etapa a) se trata con ácido clorhídrico en presencia de un gas que contiene oxígeno, disolviéndose el rutenio metálico presente sobre el soporte como cloruro de rutenio (III) y obteniéndose como disolución acuosa de cloruro de rutenio (III); c) opcionalmente se trata adicionalmente la disolución de cloruro de rutenio (III) de la etapa b) .
Abstract:
Proceso para la oxidación catalítica de cloruro de hidrógeno con las etapas i) alimentación de una corriente que contiene cloruro de hidrógeno y de una corriente que contiene oxígeno a unreactor de oxidación el cual contiene un catalizador de oxidación de cloruro de hidrógeno que contiene óxido derutenio sobre un material de soporte, y oxidación de cloruro de hidrógeno hasta cloro sobre el catalizador, hasta queel catalizador presente una actividad disminuida, ii) regeneración del catalizador que comprende los pasos de a) reducir el catalizador con una corriente de gas que contiene cloruro de hidrógeno y opcionalmente un gas inerte auna temperatura de 100 a 800 °C, b) recalcinar el catalizador con una corriente de gas que contiene oxígeno a una temperatura de 150 a 800 °C, iii) continuación de la oxidación cloruro de hidrógeno hasta cloro de conformidad con la etapa i) en el catalizadorregenerado obtenido en la etapa ii).