Abstract:
The present invention relates to the use of at least one N,N-dimethylamide as an additive in an elastomeric composition for producing a tread band for vehicle wheels, wherein the N,N-dimethylamide has the formula: formula (I), wherein: R is a C6-C12 alkyl group, and R' and R'' are methyl. A further aspect of the present invention concerns a vulcanised elastomeric material for producing a tread band for vehicle wheels obtained by vulcanising an elastomeric composition comprising (a) at least one elastomeric polymer, (b) at least one reinforcing filler selected among hydroxides, oxides and hydrated oxides, salts and hydrated salts of metals or mixtures thereof and (c) at least one N,N-dimethylamide of formula (I). An additional aspect of the present invention concerns a tread band for vehicle wheels comprising a vulcanised elastomeric material, which vulcanised elastomeric material is obtained by vulcanising an elastomeric composition comprising (a) at least one elastomeric polymer, (b) at least one reinforcing filler selected among hydroxides, oxides and hydrated oxides, salts and hydrated salts of metals or mixtures thereof and (c) at least one N,N-dimethylamide of formula (I). The inventive use and the inventive composition provide effective elastomeric materials particularly suitable for use as treads on vehicle tyres.
Abstract:
The presently claimed invention relates to a lubricant composition comprising at least one beta-glucan, optionally in form of one of its derivatives, at least one base oil,at least one additive component, and optionally water; the use of said lubricant compositions for reducing wear in metal-on-metal contact and the use of at least one beta-glucan for reducing the friction coefficient of a lubricant composition.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to the use of a polymer containing acid groups as a dispersant for stabilising an aqueous inorganic pigment slurry, wherein the polymer containing acid groups comprises polyether groups of the structural unit (I) *-U-X-(AlkO)n-W (I) where * indicates the bonding site to the polymer containing acid groups, U represents a chemical bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, X is oxygen or an NR1 group, n is an integer with a mean, based on the polymer containing acid groups, in the range from 3 to 300, Alk is C2-C4-alkylene, where Alk may be the same or different within the (AIk-O)n group, W is a hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl or aryl radical or is the Y-F group where Y is a linear or branched alkylene group which has 2 to 8 carbon atoms and may bear a phenyl ring, F is a nitrogen-bonded 5- to 10-membered nitrogen heterocycle which may have, as ring members, as well as the nitrogen atom and as well as carbon atoms, 1, 2 or 3 additional heteroatoms selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur, where the nitrogen ring members may have an R2 group, and where 1 or 2 carbon ring members may be in the form of carbonyl groups, R1 is hydrogen, C1-C4-aIkyl or benzyl, and R2 is hydrogen, C1-C4-aIkyl or benzyl, wherein the inorganic pigment slurry is selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide slurry, calcium hydroxide slurry, ultrafine precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) slurry and ground calcium carbonate (GCC) slurry. The invention provides pigment slurries having improved viscosity characteristics together with improved stability over time.
Abstract:
An acrylic acid polymer having a weight average molecular weight M w in the range from 3500 to 2000g/mol and a polydispersity index M w /M n ≤2.5, wherein 30% to 60% of the acid groups of the acrylic acid polymers have been neutralized with calcium ions, 30% to 70% of the acrylic acid polymers have been neutralized with sodium ions and 0% to 10% of the acid groups of the acrylic acid polymershave not been neutralized.
Abstract:
Rubber composition comprising (A) at least one rubber selected from sulphur vulcanizable rubbery elastomers, (B) silica, (C) at least one non-ionic surfactant (C) that is selected from compounds according to general formula (I a) R 1 -CH(OH)-CH 2 -O-(AO) x -R 2 (I a) and from compounds according to general formula (I b) R 1 -CH(OH)-CH 2 -O-(AO) x -A 1 -O-(AO) y -CH 2 -CH(OH)-R 1 (I b) and from compounds according to general formula (I c) R 1 -CO-NH-CH 2 -CH 2 -O-(AO) x -CH 2 -CH 2 -NH-CO-R 1 (I c) wherein R 1 are same or different and selected from C 4 -C 30 -alkyl, straight-chain or branched, and from C 4 -C 30 -alkylene, straight-chain or branched, with at least one C-C double bond, R 2 are same or different and selected from C 1 -C 30 -alkyl, straight-chain or branched, and from C 2 -C 30 -alkylene, straight-chain or branched, with at least one C-C double bond, A 1 is selected from C 2 -C 10 -alkylene, straight chain or branched, x, y same or different and selected from 10 to 50, AO is selected from identical or different alkylene oxides, selected from CH 2 -CH 2 -O, (CH 2 ) 3 -O, (CH 2 ) 4 -O, CH 2 CH(CH 3 )-O, CH(CH 3 )-CH 2 -O- and CH 2 CH(n-C 3 H 7 )-O.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the use of an aqueous solution of acrylic acid polymer for inhibiting scale formation in a desalination system, wherein the polymer of acrylic acid obtained by a process of polymerising acrylic acid in feed operation with a free radical starter in the presence of hypophosphite in water as solvent, which comprises (i) initially charging water and aqueous hypophosphite solution and optionally acrylic acid in acidic, unneutralised form, optionally one or more ethylenically unsaturated comonomers, and optionally initiator, (ii) adding acrylic acid in acidic, unneutralised form, optionally one or more ethylenically unsaturated comonomers, aqueous free radical starter solution and aqueous hypophosphite solution, (iii) adding a base to the aqueous solution after termination of the acrylic acid feed, wherein the comonomer content does not exceed 30 wt. % based on the total monomer content, wherein the acrylic acid, the aqueous free radical starter solution and the aqueous hypophosphite solution are added such that the molar ratio x of acrylic acid to phosphorus-bound hydrogen [AA]/[P-H] over a time period in which at least 75% of the acrylic acid is converted and has a value x which is constant to within ± 0.5 and is in the range from 0.8 to 2, wherein the acrylic acid polymer has a weight average molecular mass Mw of from 1000 to 3000 g/mol, wherein the desalination system comprises at least one of the group consisting of Multi Stage Flash (MSF), at least one Multi Effect Distillation (MED) and Reverse Osmosis (RO). The invention also relates to a process of desalinating saline water in a desalination system.
Abstract:
The present invention provides an aqueous pigment suspension in alkaline pH environment comprising: a) at least one particulate white pigment; b) at least one acrylic acid polymer, including salts thereof, having a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range from 1000 to 12,000 g/mol; c) at least one alkali metal silicate; and 10 in which the aqueous pigment suspension has a pH in the range from 10 to below and a solids content of at least 50 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the aqueous pigment suspension. The invention also includes a method of producing said aqueous pigment suspension. The invention also provides for a treatment system for producing a stable resistant aqueous pigment suspension resistant against bacterial growths, in which the aqueous pigment suspension comprises at least one particulate white pigment a pH in the range from 10 to below 12 and has a solids content of at least 50 wt-%, based on the total weight of the aqueous pigment suspension, and in which the treatment system comprises: A) at least one acrylic acid polymer, including salts thereof, having a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range from 1000 to 12,000 g/mol; B) at least one alkali metal silicate; and C) optionally sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide. The invention also includes the use of said treatment system for producing a stable bacterial resistant aqueous pigment suspension.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Schleifelemente und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schleifelementen, wobei die Schleifelemente einen Schleifkörper umfassen, mindestens ein Abrasivum und eine metallische Phase auf der Oberfläche des Schleifkörpers und dass mindestens ein Abrasivum in der metallischen Phase dispergiert vorliegt und eine Beschichtung mit einem ampholytischen Polymer aufweist.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Mono- und Bisalkylentrialkoxysilane der allgemeinen Formel (I), worin –Y– für –O–oder –N(R 9 ) 2-a – steht; –Z– jeweils gleich oder verschieden und ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus –O– und –CHR 4b –; a für 1 steht, wenn –Y– gleich –O– ist; und für 1 oder 2 steht, wenn –Y– gleich –N(R 9 ) 2-a – ist; m eine natürliche Zahl von 1 bis 20 ist; n eine natürliche Zahl von 7 bis 200 ist; R 1 jeweils gleich oder verschieden und ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl, iso-Propyl, n-Butyl, iso-Butyl, sec-Butyl, tert-Butyl und Phenyl; und R 2 , R 3 , R 4a , R 4b , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 und R 9 jeweils unabhängig für H, geeignetes lineares oder verzweigtes C 1 -C 20 -Alkyl oder gegebenenfalls C 2 -C 20 -Alkenyl, C 2 -C 20 -Alkinyl, C 1 -C 20 -Alkanoyl, C 3 -C 20 -Alkenoyl, ω-Carboxy-(C 1 -C 6 -alkyl)carbonyl und ω-Carboxy-(C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl)carbonyl und/oder C 7 -C 20 -Aryloylstehen; Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung als Dispergiermittel in wässrigen Suspensionen aus Gesteinskörnungen und hydraulischen Bindemitteln; und diese wässrigen Suspensionen als solche.
Abstract:
A method of increasing the throughput and/or decreasing the energy usage of a pulping process includes the steps of providing a plurality of lignocellulosic chips, providing a refining composition, applying the refining composition to the plurality of lignocellulosic chips, and mechanically refining the plurality of lignocellulosic chips to form pulp. The refining composition includes water and a lubricating additive comprising the reaction product of a sugar and an alcohol. The step of applying the refining composition to the lignocellulosic chips is conducted less than 5 minutes prior to, or concurrently with, the step of mechanically refining the wood chips to form pulp.