Abstract:
The invention relates to a magnetocaloric cascade containing a sequence of magnetocaloric material layers having different Curie temperatures T c , wherein - the magnetocaloric material layers include a cold-side outer layer, a hot-side outer layer and at least three inner layers between the cold-side outer layer and the hot-side outer layer, - for each pair of next neighboring magnetocaloric material layers of the magnetocaloric cascade there exists a respective crossing temperature, at which an entropy parameter mΔS of both respective neighboring magnetocaloric material layers assumes the same crossing-point value, the entropy parameter mΔS being defined as a product of the mass m of the respective magnetocaloric material layer and an amount of its isothermal magnetic entropy change ΔS in a magnetic phase transition of the respective magnetocaloric material layer, - at least two of the inner layers have masses m differing from each other and - all crossing-point values of the entropy parameter mΔS of all pairs of next neighboring inner layers are equal, either exactly or within a margin of ±15%, to a mean value of all crossing-point values of all pairs of next neighboring inner layers of the magnetocaloric cascade.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the use of thermo-compression bonding (TCB) for bonding electrically conductive contacts to thermoelectric material pieces, respective processes and thermoelectric modules which are suitable for fitting in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a magnetocaloric cascade containing a sequence of magnetocaloric material layers having different Curie temperatures T c , wherein - the magnetocaloric material layers include a cold-side outer layer, a hot-side outer layer and at least three inner layers between the cold-side outer layer and the hot-side outer layer, and each pair of next neighboring magnetocaloric layers of the magnetocaloric cascade has a respective Curie-temperature difference amount ΔΤ c between their respective Curie temperatures, wherein - the hot-side outer layer or the cold-side outer layer or both the hot-side and cold-side outer layer exhibits a larger ratio mΔS max /ΔΤ c in comparison with any of the inner layers, m denoting the mass of the respective magnetocaloric material layer and ΔS max denoting a maximum amount of isothermal magnetic entropy change achievable in a magnetic phase transition of the respective magnetocaloric material layer.
Abstract:
A shaped body comprising at least one solid material and a cured epoxy resin wherein the cured epoxy resin is prepared from an epoxy resin composition containing at least one epoxy resin having at least one epoxy group per molecule; at least one curing agent selected from cyanoalkylated polyamines of formula (A) A(NH-X-CN) n , wherein A is a group selected from aryl, arylalkyl, alkyl, and cycloalkyl, wherein A does not contain a primary amino group, X is alkylene having 1 to 10 C-atoms, and n ≥ 2; and at least one accelerator selected from tertiary amines, imidazoles, guanidines, urea compounds, and Lewis acids.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a magnetocaloric device, comprising a field generator, arranged to provide a changing external magnetic field and a magnetocaloric regenerator arrangement. The magnetocaloric regenerator arrangement comprises a magnetocaloric element, wherein the magnetocaloric element comprises magnetocaloric material, and wherein the magnetocaloric regenerator arrangement is arranged to be exposed to the changing external magnetic field of the field generator. Furthermore, the invention is characterized in that the magnetocaloric device further comprises an insulating means wherein the insulating means is arranged such that the magnetocaloric regenerator arrangement is hermetically surrounded by the insulating means.
Abstract:
Use of a composition (A) having a pH of at least 8 at 25°C containing at least 50 wt.-%xof water or a water containing solvent mixture, at least 0.1 mol/m3 of at least one waterxsoluble silicate, optionally at least one molybdate, optionally at least one phosphonate, optionally at least one azole, optionally at least one additional freezing point depressing salt, optionally at least one phosphate, and optionally at least one nitrate, as heat carrier medium for magnetocaloric materials of formula (I) (A y B 1-y ) 2+u C w D x E z (I) where: A is Mn or Co, B is Fe, Cr or Ni, C is Ge, As or Si, D is different from C and is selected from P, B, Se, Ge, Ga, Si, Sn, N, As and Sb, E may be same or different from C and D and is selected from P, B, Se, Ge, Ga, Si, Sn, N, As and Sb.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a production station for use in producing at least one layered bed, in particular a plurality of layered beds, of a magneto caloric material, the station comprising a frame work and further for arrangement at the frame work the station comprising: - a material receptacle for receiving a particulate magnetocaloric material, - a dosing plate, having at least one intake opening adapted to receive a magneto-caloric material of one layer of the layered bed - at least one reservoir below the at least one intake opening, wherein the reservoir is adapted to receive the one or more layers of the particulate magnetocaloric material, wherein the production station further comprises: - a shutter plate arranged between the reservoir and the dosing plate, wherein the shutter plate is switchable through motion with respect to the dosing plate and wherein the shutterplate is arranged and adapted to at least activate a filling modus, wherein in the filling modus the at least one reservoir is filled with particulate magneto caloric material of the one layer of the layered bed by a switching control of the shutter plate.
Abstract:
Use of a composition (A) having a pH of at least 8 at 25° C. containing at least 50 wt.-% of water or a water containing solvent mixture, at least 0.1 mol/m3 of at least one water soluble silicate, optionally at least one molybdate, optionally at least one phosphonate, optionally at least one azole, optionally at least one additional freezing point depressing salt, optionally at least one phosphate, and optionally at least one nitrate, as heat carrier medium for magnetocaloric materials of formula (I) (AyB1−y)2+uCwDxEz (I) where: A is Mn or Co, B is Fe, Cr or Ni, C is Ge, As or Si, D is different from C and is selected from P, B, Se, Ge, Ga, Si, Sn, N, As and Sb, E may be same or different from C and D and is selected from P, B, Se, Ge, Ga, Si, Sn, N, As and Sb.
Abstract:
A shaped body comprising at least one solid material and a cured epoxy resin wherein the cured epoxy resin is prepared from an epoxy resin composition containing at least one epoxy resin having at least one epoxy group per molecule; at least one curing agent selected from cyanoalkylated polyamines of formula (A) A(NH—X—CN), wherein A is a group selected from aryl, arylalkyl, alkyl, and cycloalkyl, wherein A does not contain a primary amino group, X is alkylene having 1 to 10 C-atoms, and n≧2; and at least one accelerator selected from tertiary amines, imidazoles, guanidines, urea compounds, and Lewis acids.