Abstract:
Scalable biomaterial-based bioreactors are described. In one embodiment, the bioreactor may comprise perforated plates stacked such that the assembled bioreactor has the necessary manifolds and chambers to transport gas and liquids to a biomaterial contained within the bioreactor, and to remove the reaction products. In another embodiment, single use bioreactors are described. Methods of operating the bioreactors are also described.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatuses are provided for pyrolysis using a falling bed reactor. The falling bed reactor may result in effective mixing between a heat carrier and biomass, and may reduce or eliminate inert gas requirements.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatuses are provided for pyrolysis using a falling bed reactor. The falling bed reactor may result in effective mixing between a heat carrier and biomass, and may reduce or eliminate inert gas requirements.
Abstract:
A dual bed pyrolysis system may include a falling bed reactor employing a heat carrier particulate to pyrolyze biomass to create a pyrolysis product and a pyrolysis waste product. The dual bed pyrolysis system may also include a fluidized bed reactor. The fluidized bed reactor may accept the pyrolysis waste product including char and heat carrier particulate from the falling bed reactor. The fluidized bed reactor may combust the char in the presence of the heat carrier particulate. The fluidized bed reactor may combust the char to reheat the heat carrier particulate. The reheated heat carrier particulate may be provided to the falling bed reactor to pyrolyze biomass to create a pyrolysis product and a pyrolysis waste product.
Abstract:
Described are methods and systems for preparing stabilized bio-oil suitable for subsequent hydrotreatment and forming a hydrocarbon product from a stabilized bio-oil. For example, preparing stabilized bio-oil suitable for subsequent hydrotreatment may include filtering bio-oil effective to remove at least a portion of particles having an effective particulate diameter greater than about 10 micrometers; treating the bio-oil effective to remove at least a portion of inorganic species from the bio-oil; and catalytically stabilizing the bio-oil to provide the stabilized bio-oil suitable for subsequent hydrotreatment. Forming a hydrocarbon product from a stabilized bio-oil may include hydrotreating the stabilized bio-oil by, for example, contacting the stabilized bio-oil to a hydrotreatment catalyst in the presence of hydrogen, thereby providing the hydrocarbon product. Also included are stabilized bio-oil and hydrocarbon products derived therefrom.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatuses are provided for pyrolysis using a falling bed reactor. The falling bed reactor may result in effective mixing between a heat carrier and biomass, and may reduce or eliminate inert gas requirements.
Abstract:
Various embodiments of gas seal systems and apparatuses are disclosed for use in a drive assembly (100) for transferring rotation force from an ambient temperature zone (112) to a hot temperature zone (110).