Abstract:
The present invention is a deicing/anti-icing fluid comprising: a biobased freezing point depressant, a vinylpyrrolidone polymer having a molecular weight between about 10,000 and about 700,000 and water.
Abstract:
The present invention provides methods for making N-methylpyrrolidine and analogous compounds via hydrogenation. Novel catalysts for this process, and novel conditions/yields are also described. Other process improvements may include extraction and hydrolysis steps. Some preferred reactions take place in the aqueous phase. Starting materials for making N-methylpyrmlidine may include succinic acid. N-methylsuccinimide, and their analogs.
Abstract:
A method of making propylene glycol, comprising: reacting a composition comprising lactate or lactic acid with hydrogen in the presence of a multi-metallic catalyst comprising rhenium; wherein acid is added to the composition prior to the step of reacting; wherein the lactate of lactic acid is converted with a yield of at least 60%; and wherein the PG selectivity is at least 80%.
Abstract:
The present invention is a deicing/anti-icing fluid comprising: a biobased freezing point depressant, a vinylpyrrolidone polymer having a molecular weight between about 10,000 and about 700,000 and water.
Abstract:
The present invention provides methods for making N-methylpyrrolidine and analogous compounds via hydrogenation. Novel catalysts for this process, and novel conditions/yields are also described. Other process improvements may include extraction and hydrolysis steps. Some preferred reactions take place in the aqueous phase. Starting materials for making N-methylpyrrolidine may include succinic acid, N-methylsuccinimide, and their analogs.
Abstract:
A composition comprising: at least one monomeric sugar or sugar alcohol; propylene glycol; ethylene glycol; water; and a catalyst comprising a carbon support, rhenium and at least one additional metal, the rhenium being present in the catalyst from 0.5% to 5%, by weight.
Abstract:
The present invention is a deicing/anti-icing fluid comprising: a biobased freezing point depressant, a vinylpyrrolidone polymer having a molecular weight between about 10,000 and about 700,000 and water.
Abstract:
The invention provides a method of producing a pyrrolidinone comprising: providing an initial aqueous solution into a first reactor, the solution comprising ammonia and comprising an initial compound having formula (A);
where R 1 is selected from the group consisting of branched and un-branched hydrocarbons having from 1 to 10 carbons, the initial solution having a first ratio of ammonia to the initial compound; adjusting the ratio of ammonia to produce a solution having a second ratio of ammonia relative to the initial compound of from 1:1 to 1.5:1; cyclizing the initial compound to form a compound having the formula (B)
performing a purification step to produce a purified form of compound (B); providing the purified form of compound (B) to a second reactor; and in the presence of a catalyst, hydrogenating the purified compound (B) to produce a pyrrolidinone compound having formula (C)