公开(公告)号：WO1998034269A1

公开(公告)日：1998-08-06

申请号：PCT/US1997001885

申请日：1997-02-04

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  TAI, Yu-Chong ,  WRIGHT, John, A.

IPC: H01L20/78

CPC classification number: H01H50/005 ,  H01H2001/0063

Abstract: A micro-electromechanical relay ("micro-relay") designed to both miniaturize and improve upon present day electromechanical relays. The micromachining fabrication process used to make the inventive micro-relay is based upon technology originally used by integrated circuit (IC) manufacturers. In simplest terms, the preferred inventive process consists of three steps, all performed using micromachining techniques. First, a layer of magnetic material is laid down on a substrate and patterned into a desired shape. Next, an electromagnetic coil (3) is created adjacent this material. Finally, a second layer of very efficient magnetic material is laid down adjacent the first two layers, forming a magnetic circuit, and having a portion fashioned into a deflectable structure, such as a cantilever beam (4A). The deflectable structure (4A, 4B) has at least a portion that is suspended over or adjacent to at least one electrical contact. In operation, current passes through the coil (3), clausing the deflectable structure (4A, 4B) to defect, and either make or break contact with the electrical contacts. The invention includes a unique unpowered hold feature. By integrating an electrostatic actuating capacitor into the micro-relay, an electrostatic force can be generated between the cantilever beam and the substrate (1) of the micro-relay that is strong enough to hold the relay in the "ON" position. Turning the relay "OFF" requires only that the voltage be removed.

Abstract translation: 微机电继电器（“微型继电器”）设计用于小型化和改进现代机电继电器。 用于制造本发明的微型继电器的微加工制造工艺基于最初由集成电路（IC）制造商使用的技术。 简单来说，优选的本发明方法由三个步骤组成，全部使用微加工技术进行。 首先，将一层磁性材料放置在基底上并图案化成所需的形状。 接下来，在该材料附近形成电磁线圈（3）。 最后，第二层非常有效的磁性材料铺设在邻近前两层的地方，形成一个磁路，并将一部分形成为可偏转结构，如悬臂梁（4A）。 可偏转结构（4A，4B）具有至少一部分悬挂在至少一个电触头上或附近的部分。 在操作中，电流通过线圈（3），使可偏转结构（4A，4B）发生缺陷，并与电触点断开或断开。 本发明包括独特的无动力保持特征。 通过将静电驱动电容器集成到微型继电器中，可以在悬臂梁和微型继电器的基板（1）之间产生足够强的静电力，以将继电器保持在“接通”位置。 关闭继电器“OFF”仅需要去除电压。

公开(公告)号：WO1998024186A2

公开(公告)日：1998-06-04

申请号：PCT/US1997020289

申请日：1997-11-12

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  MANSOORIAN, Barmak ,  FOSSUM, Eric, R.

IPC: H03M00/00

CPC classification number: H04N21/2187 ,  H04N5/232 ,  H04N5/335 ,  H04N7/1675 ,  H04N19/00 ,  H04N21/2347 ,  H04N21/4223

Abstract: An imaging device integrating a photosensing array, at least one analog-to-digital converter, and an encryption circuit on a single substrate. An optical image can be directly converted into encrypted digital data prior to transmission of the image off the chip.

Abstract translation: 在单个基板上集成光感应阵列，至少一个模数转换器和加密电路的成像装置。 在从芯片传输图像之前，可以将光学图像直接转换成加密的数字数据。

公开(公告)号：WO1998007024A1

公开(公告)日：1998-02-19

申请号：PCT/US1997014070

申请日：1997-08-11

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  LEWIS, Nathan, S. ,  SEVERIN, Erik

IPC: G01N27/12

CPC classification number: G01N27/126 ,  G01N33/0031

Abstract: Chemical sensors for detecting analytes in fluids comprise first and second conductive elements (e.g., electrical leads) electrically coupled to and separated by a chemically sensitive resistor which provides an electrical path between the conductive elements. The resistor comprises a plurality of alternating nonconductive regions (comprising a nonconductive organic polymer) and conductive regions (comprising a conductive material) transverse to the electrical path. The resistor provides a difference in resistance between the conductive elements when contacted with a fluid comprising a chemical analyte at a first concentration, than when contacted with a fluid comprising the chemical analyte at a second different concentration. Arrays of such sensors are constructed with at least two sensors having different chemically sensitive resistors providing dissimilar such differences in resistance. Variability in chemical sensitivity from sensor to sensor is provided by qualitatively or quantitatively varying the composition of the conductive and/or nonconductive regions. An electronic nose for detecting an analyte in a fluid may be constructed by using such arrays in conjunction with an electrical measuring device electrically connected to the conductive elements of each sensor.

Abstract translation: 用于检测流体中的分析物的化学传感器包括电耦合到化学敏感电阻器并且由化学敏感电阻器分隔的第一和第二导电元件（例如电引线），其提供导电元件之间的电路径。 电阻器包括多个交替的非导电区域（包括非导电有机聚合物）和横向于电路径的导电区域（包括导电材料）。 当与包含第一浓度的化学分析物的流体接触时，电阻器在与包含化学分析物的流体以第二不同浓度接触时与导电元件之间的电阻差异。 这种传感器的阵列由具有不同化学敏感电阻器的至少两个传感器构成，提供不同的电阻差异。 通过定性地或定量地改变导电和/或非导电区域的组成来提供从传感器到传感器的化学敏感性的变化。 用于检测流体中的分析物的电子鼻可以通过使用这样的阵列结合电连接到每个传感器的导电元件的电测量装置来构造。

公开(公告)号：WO1997047992A1

公开(公告)日：1997-12-18

申请号：PCT/US1997010239

申请日：1997-06-11

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  WEITEKAMP, Daniel, P. ,  LESKOWITZ, Garett

IPC: G01V03/00

CPC classification number: G01R33/4625 ,  G01R33/46

Abstract: A system and method for force-detected NMR measurements by applying a spatially homogeneous polarizing field at a site of a sample (310). A composite magnet assembly (320) is implemented to produce the homogeneous field and optimize the detection sensitivity.

Abstract translation: 一种通过在样品（310）的位置施加空间均匀的偏振场来强制检测NMR测量的系统和方法。 实现复合磁体组件（320）以产生均匀磁场并优化检测灵敏度。

公开(公告)号：WO1997039520A2

公开(公告)日：1997-10-23

申请号：PCT/US1997006871

申请日：1997-04-17

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  BAR-COHEN, Yoseph ,  LIH, Shyh-Shiuh ,  GRANDIA, Willem, A.

IPC: H02N00/00

CPC classification number: H02N2/163 ,  H01L41/0835

Abstract: The present invention is a compact, low mass, and low power consumption piezoelectric ultrasonic motor with high torque. The piezoelectric ultrasonic motor of the present invention includes a polarized piezoelectric drive ring or wafer comprised of a plurality of arc piece piezoelectric elements. The piezoelectric ultrasonic motor can utilize one or a plurality of piezoelectric wafers stacked as layers to increase the torque of the motor. Also, a series of the piezoelectric motors can be stacked and operated synchronously, as one motor, to maximize the torque within the volume, mass and power specification limitations of a specific application.

Abstract translation: 本发明是具有高扭矩的紧凑型，低质量和低功耗的压电超声波电动机。 本发明的压电超声波马达包括由多个圆弧片压电元件构成的极化压电驱动环或晶片。 压电超声波马达可以利用层叠的一个或多个压电晶片来增加马达的转矩。 此外，一系列压电电动机可以作为一个电动机同步地堆叠和操作，以使特定应用的体积，质量和功率规格限制内的扭矩最大化。

公开(公告)号：WO1997030975A2

公开(公告)日：1997-08-28

申请号：PCT/US1997003332

申请日：1997-02-20

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  DERVAN, Peter, B. ,  BAIRD, Eldon, E.

IPC: C07D207/34

CPC classification number: C07D403/14 ,  A61K38/00 ,  A61K47/645 ,  C07D207/34 ,  C07D233/90 ,  C07K5/06139 ,  C07K5/06182 ,  C07K7/02 ,  C07K7/04 ,  C08G69/00 ,  C12Q1/6839

Abstract: The present invention describes a novel method for the solid phase synthesis of polyamides containing imidazole and pyrrole carboxamides. The polyamides are prepared on a solid support from aromatic carboxylic acids and aromatic amines with high stepwise coupling yields (> 99 %), providing milligram quantities of highly pure polyamides. The present invention also describes the synthesis of analogs of the natural products Netropsin and Distamycin A, two antiviral antibiotics. The present invention also describes a novel method for the solid phase synthesis of imidazole and pyrrole carboxamide polyamide-oligonucleotide conjugates. This methodology will greatly increase both the complexity and quantity of minor-groove binding polyamides and minor-groove binding polyamide-oligonucleotide conjugates which can be synthesized and tested.

Abstract translation: 本发明描述了一种固相合成含有咪唑和吡咯甲酰胺的聚酰胺的新方法。 聚酰胺在固体载体上由芳族羧酸和芳族胺制备，具有高逐步偶联收率（> 99％），提供毫克量的高纯度聚酰胺。 本发明还描述了天然产物Netropin和Distamycin A的类似物的合成，两种抗病毒抗生素。 本发明还描述了咪唑和吡咯甲酰胺聚酰胺 - 寡核苷酸共轭物的固相合成的新方法。 该方法将大大增加可合成和测试的次槽结合聚酰胺和次槽结合聚酰胺 - 寡核苷酸缀合物的复杂性和数量。

公开(公告)号：WO1997021431A1

公开(公告)日：1997-06-19

申请号：PCT/US1996019900

申请日：1996-12-12

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  MEADE, Thomas, J. ,  TAKEUCHI, Toshihiko ,  GRAY, Harry, B. ,  SIMON, Melvin ,  LOUIE, Angelique, Y.

IPC: A61K31/045

CPC classification number: C07H21/00 ,  C07F15/065

Abstract: The invention relates to cobalt compounds in which divalent or trivalent cobalt is complexed with water soluble tetradentate Schiff's bases. The tetradentate Schiff's bases preferably contain two nitrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms as coordinating atoms. The compounds can contain polypeptide or nucleic acid targeting moities and can be used to inhibit enzymes such as thrombin and to inhibit zinc finger proteins.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及其中二价或三价钴与水溶性四齿席氏碱络合的钴化合物。 四齿希夫碱优选含有两个氮原子和两个氧原子作为配位原子。 该化合物可以含有多肽或核酸靶向物，可用于抑制凝血酶等酶，抑制锌指蛋白。

公开(公告)号：WO1997019480A1

公开(公告)日：1997-05-29

申请号：PCT/US1996018823

申请日：1996-11-22

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  YEN, Shaio-Ping, S. ,  NARAYANAN, Sekharipuram, R. ,  HALPERT, Gerald ,  GRAHAM, Eva ,  YAVROUIAN, Andre

Inventor： CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

IPC: H01M08/10

CPC classification number: H01M8/1025 ,  C08J5/2218 ,  H01M8/1009 ,  H01M8/1027 ,  H01M8/1032 ,  H01M8/1051 ,  H01M8/1081 ,  H01M8/1088 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  Y02P70/56

Abstract: A sulfonic acid polymer is processed so that it can be used as a proton conducting membrane for a fuel cell. Asymmetric properties are formed. The preferred fuel cell assembly includes an anode which is a porous carbon electrode including carbon/catalyst particles coated with the processed sulfonic acid polymer. The anode current collector (202) includes carbon paper fiber impregnated with the processed sulfuric acid polymer. Proton conducting membrane (204) adjoins the cathode (206). The proton conducting membrane includes a dense surface of proton conducting membrane (206) facing the anode (200). The surface (208) facing the cathode (210) is preferably a very thin layer of cross-linked low proton conducting surface.

Abstract translation: 处理磺酸聚合物，使其可用作燃料电池的质子传导膜。 形成不对称性质。 优选的燃料电池组件包括阳极，其是包含被处理的磺酸聚合物涂覆的碳/催化剂颗粒的多孔碳电极。 阳极集电器（202）包括浸渍有经处理的硫酸聚合物的碳纸纤维。 质子导电膜（204）邻接阴极（206）。 质子传导膜包括面向阳极（200）的质子传导膜（206）的致密表面。 面对阴极（210）的表面（208）优选是非常薄的交联的低质子传导表面层。

公开(公告)号：WO1997018633A1

公开(公告)日：1997-05-22

申请号：PCT/US1996017966

申请日：1996-11-07

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  FOSSUM, Eric, R. ,  ZHOU, Zhimin ,  PAIN, Bedabrata

Inventor： CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

IPC: H03M01/46

CPC classification number: H03M1/0682 ,  H03M1/466 ,  H03M1/804

Abstract: A capacitively/coupled successive approximation analog-to-digital converter utilizes a capacitively coupled digital-to-analog converter (60) to generate a succession of voltages which are compared (54) to the input voltage (56) to be digitized. The capacitively coupled digital-to-analog converter (60) generates the required succession of analog voltage levels utilizing very low power in response to digital signals. A doubled-version processes differential inputs with improved common mode rejection.

Abstract translation: 电容/耦合逐次逼近模数转换器利用电容耦合的数模转换器（60）产生与数字化的输入电压（56）进行比较（54）的一系列电压。 电容耦合数模转换器（60）响应于数字信号利用非常低的功率产生所需的连续模拟电压电平。 双倍版本处理具有改进的共模抑制的差分输入。

公开(公告)号：WO1997003096A1

公开(公告)日：1997-01-30

申请号：PCT/US1996011293

申请日：1996-07-03

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  GRUBBS, Robert, H. ,  WOODSON, Charles, S., Jr.

IPC: C08F08/00

CPC classification number: C08G61/08

Abstract: Methods of forming polycycloolefins having high crosslink density are disclosed. Olefins are polymerized via a metathesis mechanism in the presence of a crosslinking agent and a catalyst. The crosslinking agent generally comprises a peroxide that decomposes into reactive species forming crosslinks during post-cure. The catalyst is a ruthenium or osmium carbene complex of general formula (I), wherein M is Os or Ru; R and R are independently selected from hydrogen or a hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C2-C20 alkynyl, C2-C20 alkoxycarbonyl, aryl, C1-C20 carboxylate, C1-C20 alkoxy, C2-C20 alkenyloxy, C2-C20 alkynyloxy and aryloxy; X and X are independently selected from any anionic ligand; and L and L are independently selected from any neutral electron donor. Preferably, L and L are trialkylphosphine ligands and at least one of the alkyl groups on the phosphine ligand may be a secondary alkyl or cycloalkyl group, especially P(isopropyl)3, P(cyclopentyl)3 and P(cyclohexyl)3. Preferred crosslinking agents are peroxides, such as t-butyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-(tert-butylperoxy) hexyne-3, di-tert-butyl peroxide, and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-(tert-butylperoxy) hexane or mixtures thereof. Olefins may be cyclic (e.g., monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic) or acyclic. Norbornene or norbornene derivatives are especially preferred.

Abstract translation: 公开了形成具有高交联密度的聚环烯烃的方法。 在交联剂和催化剂存在下，烯烃通过复分解机理聚合。 交联剂通常包含在后固化中分解成反应性物质形成交联的过氧化物。 催化剂是通式（I）的钌或锇卡宾络合物，其中M是Os或Ru; R 1和R 2独立地选自氢或选自C 1 -C 20烷基，C 2 -C 20烯基，C 2 -C 20炔基，C 2 -C 20烷氧基羰基，芳基，C 1 -C 20羧酸酯，C 1 -C 20 烷氧基，C 2 -C 20链烯氧基，C 2 -C 20炔氧基和芳氧基; X和X 1独立地选自任何阴离子配体; L和L 1独立地选自任何中性电子给体。 优选地，L和L 1是三烷基膦配体，并且膦配体上的至少一个烷基可以是仲烷基或环烷基，特别是P（异丙基）3，P（环戊基）3和P（环己基）3 。 优选的交联剂是过氧化物，例如叔丁基过氧化物，2,5-二甲基-2,5-二（叔丁基过氧基）己炔-3，二叔丁基过氧化物和2,5-二甲基-2， 5-二 - （叔丁基过氧）己烷或其混合物。 烯烃可以是环状的（例如单环，双环或三环）或无环的。 降冰片烯或降冰片烯衍生物是特别优选的。