Abstract:
A developing roller having an elastic layer on the outer periphery of a mandrel and having a surface layer containing a resin and resin particles on its outer periphery, wherein the surface layer has an convex portion attributable to the resin particles, and has a surface of roughness in which a distortion degree Rsk of a roughness curve is 0.15 or more and 0.70 or less, wherein the resin particles have a peak P1 at a particle diameter d1 in a volume particle size distribution, and wherein "a", "b", "c", d1, d2 and d3 satisfy the specific relations, where, "a" denotes a volume fraction of the resin particles having the particle diameter d1 in the volume particle size distribution, and "b" and "c" denote volume fractions at particle diameters d2 and d3 respectively in the volume particle size distribution.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a developing roller capable of suppressing scattering of toner during a developing process and providing a further higher-quality electrophotographic image. The developing roller has a mandrel, an elastic layer provided on the circumference of the mandrel, and a surface layer provided on the circumference of the elastic layer. The surface layer contains a urethane resin serving as a binder and urethane resin particles dispersed in the binder, for forming convex portions on the surface of the surface layer. The surface of the urethane resin particle is partly covered with fine inorganic particles containing at least one element selected from silicon, titanium and aluminum and the urethane resin particles are in direct contact with the binder at the surface onto which the fine inorganic particles are not attached.
Abstract:
Provided are a development device in which it is possible to reduce the occurrence of fogging in a low temperature environment, and an electrophotographic image formation device with which it is possible to stably form an image over a long period of time. The development device has a toner (1), a development roller (2), and a toner restriction member. The toner (1) satisfies the following conditions: 40‰¤Z(25)‰¤80 and 10‰¤Z(10)‰¤55 (wherein Z(Y) represents the percentile of (X 3(Y) -X 4(Y) ) relative to X 3(Y) at Y°C, X 3(Y) represents the displacement amount obtained after displacement amount (X 2(Y) ) is left to stand for 0.1 seconds, X 2(Y) represents the displacement amount when a 2.94×10 -4 N load is applied at 9.8×10 -5 N/sec, and X 4(Y) represents the displacement amount at 0N when the load is reduced by 9.8×10 -5 N/sec); 0.49×10 -3 ‰¤R(25)‰¤1.70×10 -3 (wherein R(25) represents the tilt from the starting point to the maximum load in the load displacement curve of the toner at 25°C); and 15°C‰¤(P1-TgA)‰¤70°C (wherein TgA represents a glass transition temperature between 40 and 60°C, and P1 represents the maximum heat absorption peak temperature between 70 and 110°C). The development roller (2) has a surface layer containing a urethane resin, wherein the urethane resin has at least one of the structures selected from among (a), and (b) and (c). €ƒ€ƒ€ƒ€ƒ€ƒ€ƒ€ƒ€ƒ-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -O-€ƒ€ƒ€ƒ€ƒ€ƒStructural formula (a)