Abstract:
An optical waveguiding fiber has a photosensitive core and a cladding that includes a photosensitive inner cladding region adjacent the core and an out er cladding region. The inner cladding region and the outer cladding region hav e substantially equal indices of refraction. The photosensitivity of the inner cladding region is sufficient to cause a modulation of the index of refracti on of the inner cladding when exposed to ultraviolet light. In another aspect o f the invention, the optical fiber includes a grating in the core, which exten ds radially into the inner cladding region. The core and the inner cladding region of the optical fiber are doped with concentrations of Ge and B sufficient to impart photosensitivity to the inner cladding region, and to result in an index of refraction in the inner cladding region substantially equal to the index of refraction of the outer cladding region.
Abstract:
An optical fiber for signal amplification comprises a core, doped with at least 15% phosphorus by weight and a rare earth ion sufficient to provide amplification of an optical signal. The fiber also comprises a clad layer surrounding the core with an inner portion and an outer portion. The refractive index of the inner portion of the clad layer is lower than that at the outer radius of the core region. This depressed inner clad portion serves to confine electromagnetic radiation within a selected wavelength range to substantially only the core.
Abstract:
Compositions for making alpha-alumina supports for, for example, inorganic membranes are described. Methods for controlling the alumina and pore former particle sizes and other process variables are described which facilitate desirable porosity, pore distribution and strength characteristics of the resulting alpha-alumina inorganic membrane supports. The alpha-alumina particles are bound by starch direct consolidation method. The final porosity of the sintered support is determined by the kind and amount of starch used as pore former
Abstract:
An optical fiber for signal amplification comprises a core (10), doped with at least 15% phosphorus by weight and a rare earth ion sufficient to provide amplification of an optical signal. The fiber also comprises a clad layer (50) surrounding the core with an inner portion (30) and an outer portion (40). The refractive index of the inner portion of the clad layer is lower than that at the outer radius of the core region. This depressed inner clad portion serves to confine electromagnetic radiation within a selected wavelength range to substantially only the core.