Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical fiber for decreasing optical fiber loss to the lowest level.SOLUTION: An optical fiber includes a silica-based core having a first dopant for selecting from a group comprising germania, fluorine and mixtures thereof as well as a second dopant containing an alkali metal oxide composed of KO in a peak concentration of 20-1,000 ppm. The concentration of the alkali metal oxide varies with a radius of the optical fiber. The concentration of the alkali metal oxide dopant in the core and a clad is properly selected so that the core has the refractive index profile which is the peak relative refractive index ΔMAX of more than 0.2% with the cladding.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a durable particle generator capable of high temperature particle synthesis and an apparatus capable of clean high temperature synthesis of small particles and nanoparticles.SOLUTION: In the particle generation apparatus, the apparatus includes at least one vessel comprising: (a) an interior space for accommodating the passage of reactant material therethrough; (b) at least one susceptor capable of generating heat when acted upon by energy and being disposed such that a temperature sufficient to heat the reactant material within a predetermined range is achieved within the interior space; and (c) a heat-transmitting barrier layer interposed between the susceptor and the interior space for isolating the susceptor from the reactant material. The particle generator is configured as to minimize susceptor degradation associated with harsh reaction conditions.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low loss optical fiber and a method and an apparatus for manufacturing the same by appropriately selecting the concentration of alkali metal oxide dopant in a core and cladding.SOLUTION: There is provided the method for manufacturing the optical fiber in which a first glass rod is formed, having peak concentration of 20-1,000 ppm of alkali metal oxide comprising K0 and the first glass rod is inserted into a centerline hole of an optical fiber preform to form a composite preform.
Abstract:
Methods for coating a glass substrate as it is being drawn, for example, during fusion draw or during fiber draw are described. The coatings are conductive coatings which can also be transparent. The conductive thin film coated glass substrates can be used in, for example, display devices, solar cell applications and in many other rapidly growing industries and applications.
Abstract:
Nanomaterial and methods for generating nanomaterial are described wherein a reaction, for example, decomposition, for generating nanomaterial occurs utilizing a hot wall reactor.
Abstract:
Disclosed is an optical fiber having a core with an alkali metal oxide dopant in an peak amount greater than about 0.002 wt. % and less than about 0.1 wt. %. The alkali metal oxide concentration varies with a radius of the optical fiber. By appropriately selecting the concentration of alkali metal oxide dopant in the core and the cladding, a low loss optical fiber may be obtained. Also disclosed are several methods of making the optical fiber including the steps of forming an alkali metal oxide-doped rod, and adding additional glass to form a draw perform. Preferably, the draw preform has a final outer dimension (d2), wherein an outer dimension (dl) of the rod is less than or equal to 0.06 times the final outer dimension (d2). In a preferred embodiment, the alkali metal oxide-doped rod is inserted into the centerline hole of a preform to form an assembly.