Abstract:
The invention relates to reaction tubes provided with catalyst coated inserts whose main faces are inclined at an angle equal to or less than 10° with respect to the longitudinal axis of a reaction tube, wherein said reaction tubes enable to attain an improved yield for a hydrogen cyanide production according to a BMA process without increased sooting in the reaction tubes.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an improvement to the BMA process for the production of hydrogen cyanide from methane and ammonia in the presence of a platinum-containing catalyst. The problem of sooting, and thus the decrease in activity, of the catalysts can be reduced, or the activity increased, in that the catalyst is doped with an element from the series Cu, Ag, Au, Pd and W. The doping is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 20 mole % doping element, based on Pt.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an improvement to the BMA process for the production of hydrogen cyanide from methane and ammonia in the presence of a platinum-containing catalyst. The problem of sooting, and thus the decrease in activity, of the catalysts can be reduced, or the activity increased, in that the catalyst is doped with an element from the series Cu, Ag, Au, Pd and W. The doping is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 20 mole % doping element, based on Pt.
Abstract:
Fluidized-bed coating of peroxy compounds, especially sodium percarbonate for use in detergent and bleaching products. Production of coated peroxy compounds by fluidized-bed coating comprises spraying an aqueous coating solution onto particles of the peroxy compound in a fluidized-bed chamber and drying the coating by means of a fluidizing gas injected through a radial distributor plate at a fluidized bed temperature of 30-70 degrees C, where the fluidizing gas emerges (upwards) from openings in the distributor plate at an angle of less than 35 degrees to the horizontal and the coating solution emerges (downwards) from spray nozzles at the same angle.
Abstract:
In order to increase active oxygen stability, sodium percarbonate is coated with single or multiple layers of various substances. Sodium percarbonate particles consist of a core of sodium percarbonate fluidized bed spray granulate and sodium sulphate, which may be partially hydrated, as the sole constituent of a single coating layer. The particles exhibit both elevated active oxygen stability and very good ensilability. The coating layer is applied by spraying an aqueous Na2SO4 solution onto the particles to be coated, which were themselves produced by fluidized bed spray granulation, in a fluidized bed and vaporizing water at a fluidized bed temperature of 35 to 100 DEG C.
Abstract:
In order to increase active oxygen stability, sodium percarbonate is coated with single or multiple layers of various substances. Sodium percarbonate particles consist of a core of sodium percarbonate fluidized bed spray granulate and sodium sulphate, which may be partially hydrated, as the sole constituent of a single coating layer. The particles exhibit both elevated active oxygen stability and very good ensilability. The coating layer is applied by spraying an aqueous Na2SO4 solution onto the particles to be coated, which were themselves produced by fluidized bed spray granulation, in a fluidized bed and vaporizing water at a fluidized bed temperature of 35 to 100 DEG C.
Abstract:
Sodium percarbonate of the formula 2 Na2CO3 3 H2O2 can be produced by fluidised-bed spray granulation by spraying an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and a hydrogen peroxide solution on sodium percarbonate seeds and evaporating water. The previously necessary use of phosphorus-containing crystallisation inhibitor to prevent blockages and incrustations in and on the nozzle can be avoided by the invention if the solutions are sprayed using a single three-substance pulverisation nozzle with the external mixing of the solutions.
Abstract:
The invention concerns washing, bleaching and cleaning agent compositions containing coated alkali metal percarbonate, in particular sodium percarbonate, and conventional components of such compositions, including in particular silicate-like builders. Compositions according to the invention, which have good stability during storage yet dissolve rapidly and thus render extension of the washing, bleaching or cleaning period unnecessary, contain an alkali metal percarbonate with an Oa* content in the composition of at least 70 %, a dissolution time of the alkali metal percarbonate in water of less than 10 minutes, determined under specific test conditions in each case, and a morphology index MI greater than 0.03, in particular greater than 0.04, in which: MI = 0.0448 . CV + 3.61 . 106 . d-3; CV = .sigma./d; .sigma. = .SIGMA.(di-d)2.wi/100 and d = .SIGMA.di.wi/100.
Abstract:
Sodium percarbonate of the formula 2 Na2CO3 be produced by fluidised-bed spray granulation by spraying an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and a hydrogen peroxide solution on sodium percarbonate seeds and evaporating water. The previously necessary use of phosphorous-containing crystallisation inhibitor to prevent blockages and incrustations in and on the nozzle can be avoided by the invention if the solutions are sprayed using a single threesubstance pulverisation nozzle with the external mixing of the solutions.
Abstract:
In order to increase active oxygen stability, sodium percarbonate is coated with single or multiple layers of various substances. Sodium percarbonate particles consist of a core of sodium percarbonate fluidized bed spray granulate and sodium sulphate, which may be partially hydrated, as the sole constituent of a single coating layer. The particles exhibit both elevated active oxygen stability and very good ensilability. The coating layer is applied by spraying an aqueous Na2SO4 solution onto the particles to be coated, which were themselves produced by fluidized bed spray granulation, in a fluidized bed and vaporizing water at a fluidized bed temperature of 35 to 100 DEG C.