Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new production method of monochloroethylene carbonate, which hardly causes the formation of undesired chlorinated decomposition products. SOLUTION: The production method of monochloroethylene carbonate comprises (a) reacting ethylene carbonate with a chlorine gas in a liquid phase under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays and (b) introducing a separate inert gas feed into the liquid phase. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject compound in a high yield with reducing the formation of by-product, by using an imine or nitrile and hydrogen, hydrogenating the imine or nitrile by amination in the presence of a specific hydrogenation catalyst under specific conditions. SOLUTION: An imine or nitrile, especially isophoronenitrile is hydrogenated by using hydrogen by amination in the presence of a hydrogenating catalyst basically comprising ammonium, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium or these metal mixture and a hydroxide, especially quaternary ammonium hydroxide at 50-250 deg.C under 0.3-30 MPa and the reaction mixture is subjected to after-treatment to give a primary amine and/or a secondary amine, especially isophoronediamine. Isophoronenitrile-imine is 3-cyano-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexaneimine and isophoronediamine is 3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylamine.
Abstract:
The invention is directed to an improved, reliably performable process for preparing triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) by Cu 2+ -catalysed rearrangement of triallyl cyanurate (TAC) at at least 90°C. According to the invention, TAC and, if required, also a Cu 2+ catalyst and solvent are fed continuously to a start reaction mixture after onset of the initially inhibited isomerization reaction, the isomerization is performed at from 90 to 160°C and an amount of reaction mixture equivalent to the amount of reactant is drawn off continuously and sent to the workup. Preference is given to effecting the isomerization in TAIC as the reaction medium.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for increasing the selectivity of the hydrogenation of 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (4,4'-MDA) to diaminodicyclohexylmethane (4,4'-HMDA) by catalytic hydrogenation of a mixture containing 4,4'-MDA as the main component and its mono-N-methyl derivative as a secondary component. According to the invention, the hydrogenation is terminated before a conversion of 4,4'-MDA to 4,4'-HMDA of 99% is achieved. Under these conditions, a substantially smaller proportion of the N-methyl-4,4'-MDA is hydrogenated to N-methyl-4,4-HMDA.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for increasing the selectivity of the hydrogenation of 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (4,4'-MDA) to diaminodicyclohexylmethane (4,4'-HMDA) by catalytic hydrogenation of a mixture containing 4,4'-MDA as the main component and its mono-N-methyl derivative as a secondary component. According to the invention, the hydrogenation is terminated before a conversion of 4,4'-MDA to 4,4'-HMDA of 99% is achieved. Under these conditions, a substantially smaller proportion of the N-methyl-4,4'-MDA is hydrogenated to N-methyl-4,4-HMDA.
Abstract:
The invention is directed to an improved, reliably performable process fo r preparing triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) by Cu2+-catalysed rearrangement of triallyl cyanurate (TAC) at at least 90øC. According to the invention, TAC a nd, if required, also a Cu2+ catalyst and solvent are fed continuously to a start reaction mixture after onset of the initially inhibited isomerization reaction, the isomerization is performed at from 90 to 160øC and an amount o f reaction mixture equivalent to the amount of reactant is drawn off continu ously and sent to the workup. Preference is given to effecting the isomeriza tion in TAIC as the reaction medium.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to an oscillatory flow mixing reactor (OPM) oscillatory flow which is designed so that a flow with angular momentum is superposed by means effecting circular acceleration on the mixture flowing in with oscillation, with the result that good mixing of the individual phases of the mixture is achieved with the use of low shear forces. A use of the reactor according to the invention is also disclosed.
Abstract:
Production of solutions of alkali metal salts (I) of functionalized alcohols (II) in a solvent mixture including (II), by reacting (II) with an alkali metal alkoxide or hydroxide (III), comprises distilling off part of the released alkanol or water without adding an entrainer and then distilling off the rest using another organic solvent as entrainer. Production of solutions of alkali metal salts of formula MOYXR1 (I) by reacting a functionalized alcohol of formula HOYXR1 (II) with an alkali metal alkoxide or hydroxide of formula MOR2 (III) to form a solution of (I) in a solvent mixture including (II), comprises distilling off part of the released alkanol or water without adding an entrainer and then distilling off the rest using another organic solvent as entrainer. M = Li, Na, K, Rb or Cs; Y = 1-8C alkylene; X = O, S or NR1; R1 = H, 1-8C alkyl, 2-8C alkenyl, 2-8C alkynyl, 3-8C cycloalkyl, 6-18C aryl, 7-19C aralkyl, 3-18C heteroaryl or 4-19C heteroaralkyl, where cycloalkyl, aryl and heteroaryl are optionally substituted by 1-3 of 1-8C alkyl; and R2 = H, Me, Et, Pr, i-Pr, s-Bu, i-Bu or t-Bu.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a process for preparing an alkali metal salt of a functionalized alcohol of the formula (I): MOYXR1 (I), (wherein M is Li, Na, K, Rb, or Cs, Y is (C1-C6)-alkylene, X is O, S, or NR1, R1 is H, (C1-C8)-alkyl, (C2-C8)-alkenyl, (C2-C8)-alkynyl, (C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, (C6-C18)-aryl, (C7-C19)-aralkyl, (C3-C18)-heteroaryl, (C4-C19)-heteroaralkyl, ((C1-C8)-alkyl)1-3-(C3-C8)-cycloalkyl, ((C1-C8)-alkyl)1-3- (C6-C18)-aryl, or ((C1-C8)-alkyl)1-3- (C3-C18)-heteroaryl) by reacting the corresponding alcohol with an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkali metal alkoxide of the formula MOR2 (II) (where R2 is lower alkyl), and the distilling liberated alcohol HOR2 or the liberated water at first without an entrainer and then with an added entrainer.