Abstract:
It is an object to provide a method in which a lignocellulosic material is treated with a phenol derivative and acid, whereby a lignophenol derivative can be recovered, and moreover sugar from an acid/sugar solution obtained at the same time can be recovered and used easily and efficiently. One form of the present invention relates to a method of separating and recovering an acid/sugar solution and a lignophenol derivative, comprising putting a reaction mixture of a lignocellulosic material, a phenol derivative and an acid into an amount of water 0.5 to 6 times the amount of the mixture as a volume ratio, and leaving the mixture to stand or maintaining the mixture in a weakly agitated state, so as to agglomerate a lignophenol derivative produced as a solid phase, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation, so as to separate and recover the lignophenol derivative as the solid phase and an acid/sugar mixture as a liquid phase.
Abstract:
A hydrothermal reaction is performed on an aqueous medium without adding an oxidizing agent, and then another hydrothermal reaction is performed in the presence of an oxidizing agent, thereby reducing a chemical oxygen demand of the aqueous medium. An apparatus for performing a hydrothermal reaction has a fluid inlet being capable of introducing an oxidizing agent in a fluid form during a hydrothermal reaction.
Abstract:
Improved method for feeding a waste containing organic solids into a boiler after it has been subjected to a hydrothermal reaction treatment in the presence of water comprises the steps of holding a slurry containing said waste under a high-temperature and high-pressure condition to cause a hydrothermal reaction such that an acidic slurry is formed during part of or throughout the process of said hydrothermal reaction, thereby reducing the content of oxygen in said waste relative to the carbon atoms in the building molecule of said waste, concurrently causing any halogens in said building molecule to be transferred into said slurry, then cooling said slurry, dewatering the cooled slurry and feeding the dewatered slurry into the combustion section of the boiler. In a preferred embodiment, the waste slurry to be subjected to the hydrothermal reaction is sorted into two portions for separate storage, one being a waste slurry the pH of which will increase as a result of the hydrothermal reaction and the other being a waste slurry the pH of which will decrease during the hydrothermal reaction, and the two slurries are combined together and subjected to the hydrothermal reaction with their relative amounts of supply being adjusted such as to form an acidic slurry either during part of or throughout the process of the hydrothermal reaction. According to the method, wastes can be supplied as a mass of high heat value into a boiler in such a manner that the organic matter is transferred by a smaller amount into the aqueous phase during a hydrothermal reaction and there is no scale deposit on the surfaces of those areas of the system components in contact with the liquid.
Abstract:
A hydrothermal reaction is performed on an aqueous medium without adding an oxidizing agent, and then another hydrothermal reaction is performed in the presence of an oxidizing agent, thereby reducing a chemical oxygen demand of the aqueous medium. An apparatus for performing a hydrothermal reaction has a fluid inlet being capable of introducing an oxidizing agent in a fluid form during a hydrothermal reaction.
Abstract:
A method in which a lignophenol derivative is recovered from a lignocellulos ic substance through a treatment with a phenol derivative and an acid, and a sugar can be easily and efficiently recovered from the acid/sugar solution obtained simultaneously therewith and can be used easily and efficiently. Th e method of separating and recovering an acid/sugar solution and a lignophenol derivative is characterized by adding a liquid reaction mixture comprising a lignocellulosic substance, a phenol derivative, and an acid to water, the amount of which is 0.5 to 6 times by volume the amount of the liquid mixture , keeping the resultant mixture in a stationary state or gently stirred state to coagulate the lignophenol derivative generated as a solid phase, and then subjecting this mixture to solid-liquid separation to thereby separate and recover the lignophenol derivative as a solid phase and an acid/sugar mixtur e as a liquid phase.