Abstract:
A wax-containing middle distillate, such as diesel fuel, having improved low temperature flow properties comprises three or more components including (A) an oil-soluble ethylene backbone flow improving polymer such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, (B) a hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt and/or amide of a carboxylic acid or anhydride such as phthalic anhydride salts, and (C) a hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt and/or amide of (I) a benzoic acid derivative such as the dihydrogenated tallow amine salt of an alkyl substituted dithiobenzoic acid or (II) a phosphoric acid derivative such as the dihydrogenated tallow amine salt of dialkyldithiophosphoric acid.
Abstract:
A residual fuel oil composition comprises a residual fuel oil, preferably at No. 6 fuel oil, having dissolved therein an effective total amount of at least one zirconium salt of (i) an alcohol, or (ii) a phenol, each having a C 2 to C 24 hydrocarbyl group, or (iii) of a hydrocarbyl sulfonic acid such that the salt has a mol. wt of 100 to 2500, or of any mixture thereof; said effective total amount of the salt(s) being sufficient to reduce the amount of particulate matter which will be formed when, in use, the residual fuel oil is combusted. Suitably 1 to 1000 ppm of zirconium salt(s), calculated as metallic zirconium, are present. Preferred zirconium salts are zirconium propoxide or dodecyl benzene sulfonate. The composition is suitable for combustion in industrial boilers and refinery furnaces, preferably being fed in air or steam-atomized form.
Abstract:
The composition comprises a major amount of engine lubricating base oil and a minor amount of certain quaternary ammonium hydroxides. Reduces octane requirement increase in spark ignition internal combustion engines and reduces oil consumption in diesel engines. Tricaprylmethyl ammonium hydroxide is a preferred additive.
Abstract:
A middle distillate fuel having added thereto deasphalted residumm and a copolymer comprising ethylene and at least one other unsaturated monomer has improved low temperature flow properties as compared with either additive alone. The copolymer preferably is selected from the group consisting of ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene vinyl chloride and mixtures thereof.
Abstract:
A residual fuel oil composition comprises a residual fuel oil, preferably a No. 6 fuel oil, having dissolved therein an effective total amount of at least one zirconium salt of a C 4 to C 22 , preferably C 6 to C, s, linear or branched chain aliphatic saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acid, or a tall oil, or of a naphthenic acid, or of any mixture thereof; said effective total amount of the salt(s) being sufficient to reduce the amount of particulate matter which will be formed when, in use, the residual fuel oil is combusted. Suitably 1 to 1000 ppm of zirconium salt(s), calculated as metallic zirconium, are present. Preferred zirconium salts are zirconium octanoate, its isomers, or mixtures thereof. The composition is suitable for combustion in industrial boilers and refinery furnaces, preferably being fed in air- or steam-atomized form.
Abstract:
The composition comprises a major amount of engine lubricating base oil and a minor amount of certain quaternary ammonium hydroxides. Reduces octane requirement increase in spark ignition internal combustion engines and reduces oil consumption in diesel engines. Tricaprylmethyl ammonium hydroxide is a preferred additive.
Abstract:
A gasoline composition contains a minor amount of at least one of a specified group of quaternary ammonium hydroxides for decreasing or reversing the octane requirement increase (ORI) for a fuel-fired spark ignition internal combustion engine. Tetrabutylammonium hydroxide and tricaprylicmethylammonium hydroxide are two preferred compounds for use.