Abstract:
An apparatus to introduce a reagent to reduce nitrogen oxides in flue gas including: nozzles mounted to a passage for the flue gas, wherein the nozzles are mounted downstream of a SNCR system and upstream of a SCR system, wherein the nozzles are mounted on one or more walls of the passage and are configured to inject a pressurized fluid into the flue gas; a source of the pressurized fluid which is in fluid communication with the nozzles such that the pressurized fluid flows to the nozzles; a source of a NOx reducing reagent and a mixing device which mixes the reagent with the pressurized fluid such that the pressurized fluid flowing to the nozzles includes the reagent.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the invention can include systems and methods for facilitating varying coal pipes for a pulverized coal burner. In one embodiment, a method for improving operation of a pulverized coal burner (600) is characterised by at least one coal pipe (604) having an inner diameter (608), and an outer diameter (604). The method can include installing at least one sleeve (602) or at least one liner within the coal pipe (604) between the inner (608) and outer diameter of the coal pipe (604), wherein velocity of a primary air and pulverized coal mixture is increased in an upstream portion of the coal pipe. The method can also include reducing the at least one sleeve (602) or liner, wherein velocity (Vexit) of the primary air and pulverized coal mixture is reduced in a downstream portion of the coal pipe.
Abstract:
Un procedimiento de disminución de la concentración de óxidos de nitrógeno en un gas de escape de combustión (24) que comprende: a. formar un gas de escape de combustión en una zona de combustión (12), comprendiendo el gas de escape de combustión óxidos de nitrógeno; b. proporcionar aire de sobre fuego (28) y gotitas de una solución, partículas o un gas de un agente reductor selectivo (34) en una zona de abrasamiento (16), siendo las gotitas o partículas de un tamaño inferior a 50 micrómetros para promover la rápida reducción de los óxidos de nitrógeno de forma que la vida promedio de la gotita en el gas de escape de combustión y el aire de sobre fuego (28) sea igual al periodo durante el cual el aire de sobre fuego (28) se mezcla con el gas de escape de combustión; c. mezclar (34) el aire de sobre fuego y el agente reductor selectivo con el gas de escape de combustión en la zona de abrasamiento a una temperatura por encima de un intervalo de temperatura óptimo para la reducción de los óxidos de nitrógeno; d. a medida que el gas de escape de combustión calienta el aire de sobre fuego y el agente reductor selectivo hasta el intervalo de temperatura óptimo (54) de 871 ºC (1600 ºF) a 1093 ºC (2000 ºF) se reducen los óxidos de nitrógeno con el agente reductor, y e. continuar aumentando la temperatura del aire de sobre fuego y el agente reductor selectivo más allá del intervalo de temperatura óptimo con el gas de escape.
Abstract:
An improved gas flow injector has been developed for use in a combustion system. The gas flow injector has an inner nozzle with tubular configuration for directing a first gas stream to a location distal to the gas flow injector. The inner nozzle has an outlet end portion and a longitudinal central axis. Disposed about the inner nozzle is an outer nozzle having a tubular configuration, for directing a second gas stream to a location proximal to the gas flow injector. A diverter is mounted to the outlet end portion of the inner nozzle and extends at least partially into the second gas stream. The diverter has a surface disposed at an acute angle relative to the longitudinal central axis of the inner nozzle to redirect at least a portion of the second gas stream in a direction transverse to the longitudinal central axis. Also disclosed is a method of injecting a gas into a combustion system using the gas flow injector of this invention.
Abstract:
A method of decreasing a concentration of nitrogen oxides in a combustion gas flowing through a vessel including: generating a flue gas in a combustion zone of the vessel, the flue gas containing nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide; providing overfire air into a burnout zone of the vessel from a first injector of overfire air to oxidize at least some of the carbon monoxide in the flue gas; injecting a selective reducing agent concurrent with overfire air at a level in the burnout zone downstream of the first injector of overfire air and downstream of the oxidization of the carbon monoxide, and reacting the selective reducing agent with the flue gas to reduce the nitrogen oxides.
Abstract:
A method of decreasing a concentration of nitrogen oxides in a combustion gas flowing through a vessel including: generating a flue gas in a combustion zone of the vessel, the flue gas containing nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide; providing overfire air into a burnout zone of the vessel from a first injector of overfire air to oxidize at least some of the carbon monoxide in the flue gas; injecting a selective reducing agent concurrent with overfire air at a level in the burnout zone downstream of the first injector of overfire air and downstream of the oxidization of the carbon monoxide, and reacting the selective reducing agent with the flue gas to reduce the nitrogen oxides.
Abstract:
A gas flow injector 32 has an inner nozzle 34 with a tubular configuration for directing a first gas stream to a location distal to the gas flow injector. The inner nozzle has an outlet end portion 38 and a longitudinal central axis 36. Arranged about the inner nozzle is an outer nozzle 40 having a tubular configuration which may include a throat 48, for directing a second gas stream to a location proximal to the gas flow injector. A diverter 44 is mounted to the outlet end portion of the inner nozzle and extends at least partially into the second gas stream. The diverter has a surface 46 arranged at an acute angle relative to the longitudinal central axis of the inner nozzle to redirect at least a portion of the second gas stream in a direction transverse to the longitudinal central axis. Also disclosed is a method of injecting a gas into a combustion system (10 fig 1) using the gas flow injector. The apparatus and the method permit a gas flow to be injected into a combustion chamber and achieve both near and far field mixing, and the gas flow may be air, and may include a sorbent such as ammonia or urea.
Abstract:
A combustion vessel 11 comprises a combustion zone 12 and a burnout zone 14 downstream of the combustion zone. An overfire air chamber 30 is provided adjacent the burnout zone, wherein the chamber has an upstream air injector 34 and a downstream air injector 36, and an agent injector 38 for injecting a reducing agent into the burnout zone concurrently with the downstream air injector. The agent injector preferably extends through the downstream air injector. The system is particularly suitable in reducing emissions from combustion systems such as boilers, furnaces and incinerators.