Abstract:
A particulate, free-flowing and rapid dissolving polymer composition is prepared by comminuting a high molecular weight thermoplastic or viscoelastic polymer (11) at a temperature below its glass transition temperature while maintaining the polymer in an inert environment. A finely divided, solid coating agent (12) is mingled with the comminuted polymer while maintaining the polymer particles in a cold and inert atmosphere. The particles of coating agent are formed into a protective shell (13) around each polymer particle by mixing the components while raising the temperature of the mixture. The polymer composition finds use as a drag reducing agent; as an anti-misting agent; to enhance the efficiency of oil skimming processes and devices; and for the preparation of polymer solutions for other uses.
Abstract:
A method and composition for improving the mechanical efficiency of an engine is provided. Ultra-high molecular weight polyisobutylene (PIB) added to the fuel changes the momentary mechanical properties of the fuel during induction. The additive provides a more uniform spray droplet size, increases the extensional viscosity of the fuel, and adapts other physical properties, under induction conditions.
Abstract:
A method and composition for improving the mechanical efficiency of an engine is provided. Ultra-high molecular weight polyisobutylene (PIB) added to the fuel changes the momentary mechanical properties of the fuel during induction. The additive provides a more uniform spray droplet size, increases the extensional viscosity of the fuel, and adapts other physical properties, under induction conditions.
Abstract:
A method for separating liquids, particularly hydrocarbons from water, whereby a small amount of a high molecular weight polymer is dissolved in the hydrocarbon to render it viscoelastic. A hydrocarbon layer is then mechanically removed from the water in a manner which causes rapid stretching of the hydrocarbon with attendant development of elastic properties in the hydrocarbon layer. The polymer may be applied to the surface of the hydrocarbon as droplets of a relatively concentrated polymer solution or as solid particulates having a polymer core covered by a powdered solid material which is non-reactive toward the polymer.
Abstract:
Dispersions of oil and similar liquids in water are clarified with separation of the oil and water phases by mixing the dispersion with a polymer dissolved in an oil miscible solvent in a manner such that contact between the polymer solution and dispersed oil droplets is achieved. The polymer must be soluble in the oil and must have a molecular weight sufficiently high to impart viscoelasticity to the resulting solution of polymer in solvent and oil. Thereafter, the oil and water phases are readily separated by settling and decantation, or by enhanced phase separation techniques such as centrifugation.
Abstract:
14 Dispersions of oil and similar liquids in water are clarified with separation of the oil and water phases by mixing the dispersion with a polymer dissolved in an oil miscible solvent in a manner such that contact between the polymer solution and dispersed oil droplets is achieved. The polymer must be soluble in the oil and must have a molecular weight sufficiently high to impart viscoelasticity to the resulting solution of polymer in solvent and oil. Thereafter, the oil and water phases are readily separated by settling and decantation, or by enhanced phase separation techniques such as centrifugation.
Abstract:
A method for separating liquids, particularly hydrocarbons from water, whereby a small amount of a high molecular weight polymer is dissolved in the hydrocarbon to render it viscoelastic. A hydrocarbon layer is then mechanically removed from the water in a manner which causes rapid stretching of the hydrocarbon with attendant development of elastic properties in the hydrocarbon layer. The polymer may be applied to the surface of the hydrocarbon as droplets of a relatively concentrated polymer solution or as solid particulates having a polymer core covered by a powdered solid material which is non-reactive toward the polymer.
Abstract:
A method for separating liquids, particularly hydrocarbons from water, whereby a small amount of a high molecular weight polymer is dissolved in the hydrocarbon to render it viscoelastic. A hydrocarbon layer is then mechanically removed from the water in a manner which causes rapid stretching of the hydrocarbon with attendant development of elastic properties in the hydrocarbon layer. The polymer may be applied to the surface of the hydrocarbon as droplets of a relatively concentrated polymer solution or as solid particulates having a polymer core covered by a powdered solid material which is non-reactive toward the polymer.
Abstract:
A method for separating liquids, particularly hydrocarbons from water, whereby a small amount of a high molecular weight polymer is dissolved in the hydrocarbon to render it viscoelastic. A hydrocarbon layer is then mechanically removed from the water in a manner which causes rapid stretching of the hydrocarbon with attendant development of elastic properties in the hydrocarbon layer. The polymer may be applied to the surface of the hydrocarbon as droplets of a relatively concentrated polymer solution or as solid particulates having a polymer core covered by a powdered solid material which is non-reactive toward the polymer.
Abstract:
A mixture of unlike particulate solids is dispersed in liquid nitrogen to form a slurry. The slurry is then subjected to shear and impact forces of sufficient intensity and duration to break up agglomerates, to comminute at least the larger particles, and to obtain a randomly mixed homogeneous suspension. The suspension is thereafter stabilized by removal of liquid nitrogen to form a past or powder which may be further processed into shapes by extrusion or molding. One preferred embodiment utilizes a batch-to-continuous process for the compounding of rubber with carbon black and other additives.