公开(公告)号：CA2046109A1

公开(公告)日：1992-02-02

申请号：CA2046109

申请日：1991-07-03

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO

Inventor： CHANG DAVID B ,  DRUMMOND JAMES E

IPC: B05B5/053 ,  B05D1/04 ,  B05B5/04 ,  B05B5/025

Abstract: An enhanced electrostatic paint deposition apparatus (10) comprising a nozzle (16), a conduit (14) coupled to the nozzle for supplying paint (12) thereto, and a plurality of electrically conductive whiskers (18) positioned within the nozzle for applying an electrostatic charge to droplets of the paint. Each of the whiskers terminates in a jagged end (30) for enabling the droplets to acquire an enhanced electric charge. The whiskers may be provided with lengths which are tailored to provide an array of whiskers with a desired three-dimensional curvature for controlling the focussing field on the paint droplets. Each whisker is secured to a holder (22) which is, in turn, secured to a porous grid (28) whose mesh size is selected to divide the paint into narrow streams of desired size, which exit nozzle 16 in droplet form. The holder is configured by decreasing its center portion (28) in dimension to tune the holder's current limiting capabilities. Pulsed negative high voltage is applied to the whiskers for enabling them to negatively charge the paint. Phased deflector plates 22, 24, 26 are provided to steer the paint stream.

公开(公告)号：CA2046109C

公开(公告)日：1994-06-28

申请号：CA2046109

申请日：1991-07-03

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO

Inventor： CHANG DAVID B ,  DRUMMOND JAMES E

IPC: B05B5/053 ,  B05D1/04 ,  B05B5/04 ,  B05B5/025

Abstract: An enhanced electrostatic paint deposition apparatus (10) comprising a nozzle (16), a conduit (14) coupled to the nozzle for supplying paint (12) thereto, and a plurality of electrically conductive whiskers (18) positioned within the nozzle for applying an electrostatic charge to droplets of the paint. Each of the whiskers terminates in a jagged end (30) for enabling the droplets to acquire an enhanced electric charge. The whiskers may be provided with lengths which are tailored to provide an array of whiskers with a desired three-dimensional curvature for controlling the focussing field on the paint droplets. Each whisker is secured to a holder (22) which is, in turn, secured to a porous grid (28) whose mesh size is selected to divide the paint into narrow streams of desired size, which exit nozzle 16 in droplet form. The holder is configured by decreasing its center portion (28) in dimension to tune the holder's current limiting capabilities. Pulsed negative high voltage is applied to the whiskers for enabling them to negatively charge the paint. Phased deflector plates 22, 24, 26 are provided to steer the paint stream.

公开(公告)号：CA2043300A1

公开(公告)日：1991-12-28

申请号：CA2043300

申请日：1991-05-27

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO

Inventor： DRUMMOND JAMES E ,  CHANG DAVID B ,  JOYCE ALEXANDER H

IPC: B05D3/06 ,  B05C11/02 ,  B05D3/14 ,  B05D7/14 ,  B05D5/00 ,  B05D3/04 ,  B05C9/12

Abstract: A time-efficient method for smoothing a surface 20 of an applied coating composition 22 is disclosed herein. In particular, the present invention sets forth a technique for expediting the subsidence of coating surface irregularities Rl, R2. The technique of the present invention is applied subsequent to the application of the coating composition 22 to an electrically conductive object 24, which results in the formation of a coating surface 20. The technique of the present invention includes the step of generating electrically charged particles 40 in a volume of space adjacent to the coating surface 20. The charged particles 40 cause an electric field to develop across the coating composition 22, which induces the charged particles 40 to exert pressure on the coating surface 20.

公开(公告)号：DE69110340T2

公开(公告)日：1996-03-07

申请号：DE69110340

申请日：1991-04-09

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO

Inventor： DRUMMOND JAMES E ,  SHIH I-FU

IPC: G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28

Abstract: This invention relates to a dispersive holographic spectrometer (12) for analyzing radiation from an infrared source (16). The holographic spectrometer (12) comprises a piezoelectric block (40) having a holographic lens (38) on one face, an array of detectors (36) on another face and a pair of vernier electrodes (32, 34) on opposite faces. Radiation from the source (16) incident upon the holographic lens (38) is dispersed into component wavelengths (44, 46) and directed towards the detector array (36). The holographic lens (38) has a holographic interference pattern recorded on it such that radiation of predetermined wavelength components are dispersed sufficiently enough such that radiation of specific wavelengths falls on different detector elements (48) of the detector array (36). By applying a voltage to the electrodes (32, 38), an electric field is created within the piezoelectric block (40) such that it is either compressed or expanded. This change in the piezoelectric block (40) alters the direction of the radiation from the holographic lens (38) to the detector array (36). Therefore, misalignment of the source (16) with the holographic lens (38) can be compensated for such that piezoelectric adjustment of the block (40) will make the radiation of individual wavelengths fall on the desired detector element (48). Further, radiation from different wavelengths can be directed from one detector element to another. The detector array (36) is self-scanning such that an absorption spectrum can be measured and recorded over a range of frequencies.

公开(公告)号：CA2038446C

公开(公告)日：1995-04-11

申请号：CA2038446

申请日：1991-03-18

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO

Inventor： DRUMMOND JAMES E ,  SHIH I-FU

IPC: G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01N21/25

Abstract: This invention relates to a dispersive holographic spectrometer (12) for analyzing radiation from an infrared source (16). The holographic spectrometer (12) comprises a piezoelectric block (40) having a holographic lens (38) on one face, an array of detectors (36) on another face and a pair of vernier electrodes (32, 34) on opposite faces. Radiation from the source (16) incident upon the holographic lens (38) is dispersed into component wavelengths (44, 46) and directed towards the detector array (38). The holographic lens (36) has a holographic interference pattern recorded on it such that radiation of predetermined wavelength components are dispersed sufficiently enough such that radiation of specific wavelengths falls on different detector elements (48) of the detector array (36). By applying a voltage to the electrodes (32, 38), an electric field is created within the piezoelectric block (40) such that it is either compressed or expanded. This change in the piezoelectric block (40) alters the direction of the radiation from the holographic lens (38) to the detector array (36). Therefore, misalignment of the source (16) with the holographic lens (38) can be compensated for such that piezoelectric adjustment of the block (40) will make the radiation of individual wavelengths fall on the desired detector element (48). Further, radiation from different wavelengths can be directed from one detector element to another. The detector array (36) is self-scanning such that an absorption spectrum can be measured and recorded over a range of frequencies.

公开(公告)号：CA2013074C

公开(公告)日：1994-07-26

申请号：CA2013074

申请日：1990-03-26

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO

Inventor： SHIH I-FU ,  CHANG DAVID B ,  MOISE NORTON L ,  DRUMMOND JAMES E

IPC: G06E1/00 ,  G06E3/00 ,  G06T1/00

Abstract: ELECTRO-OPTICAL IFS FINDER An electro-optical system that implements the self-tiling process of finding proper Iterated Function systems for modeling natural objects. The system can operate in two different modes, a real-time interactive mode and an automated mode. The purpose of the system is to speed up the process of finding a proper IFS for a given object to be modeled. The system makes use of optical processing, including optical means for rotating, magnifying/demagnifying and translating an input image. Optical beamsplitters are used to combine transformed images to produce a tiled output image. In one embodiment, an automated controller evaluates the goodness of the match between the tiled image and the input image and generates control signals which cause adjustment of the settings of the optical means. The process is repeated automatically until the match is sufficiently good. The invention can also be operated in a manual, man-in-the-loop mode.

公开(公告)号：CA2042092A1

公开(公告)日：1991-12-12

申请号：CA2042092

申请日：1991-05-08

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO

Inventor： CHANG DAVID B ,  DRUMMOND JAMES E

IPC: G01B11/24 ,  G01B9/021 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/88 ,  G01N21/93 ,  G01N21/95 ,  G01N21/956 ,  B60S5/00 ,  G03H1/04 ,  G03H1/22

Abstract: An infrared holographic defect detector (10) comprises a far infrared pulsed coherent source (14) of infrared radiation which provides infrared radiation. The radiation is directed at a generally non-reflective surface (12), for example, a surface of an automobile body having a matt grey pre-coat thereon. A semi-transparent mirror (15) is placed in the path of the radiation to provide a reference beam (17) therefrom. An infrared detector (18) and a charge-coupled device (20) receives the radiation reflected from the surface and the reference signal. A comparator (22) compares the received reflected information and the reference signal and, preferably, information from a source (24) which defines a desired surface configuration in order to derive a quantitative measurement of the surface. A monitor (26) visually displays the quantitative measurement and location of any dents in the surface. To avoid a requirement that sequential automobile doors containing the surface of investigation be three-dimensionally aligned to within microns of reference points, a detector of the reflected radiation can be translated and rotated. A number of sensed images of the surface are taken, one at each of the different positions of the detector. For each image a measure of its correlation with the standard image is made.

公开(公告)号：GB2199942B

公开(公告)日：1991-05-08

申请号：GB8800085

申请日：1988-01-05

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO

Inventor： CHANG DAVID B ,  BERG MICHAEL F ,  DRUMMOND JAMES E ,  MICKELSON LEE

IPC: G01N25/72

Abstract: A system for inspecting the electronic integrity of solder joints by repetitive pulse-heating the solder joints with radiant energy and determining the temperature oscillation of pulse-heated solder joints by measuring the infrared emissions from the solder joints during heating and non-heating periods. Advantageously, the exposed solder joints of a circuit board can be tested all at one time by pulse-heating the entire circuit board. The temperature oscillation of each joint can be compared to the temperature oscillations of corresponding standard solder joints of known good electronic integrity on properly operating boards.

公开(公告)号：FI911785A0

公开(公告)日：1991-04-12

申请号：FI911785

申请日：1991-04-12

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO

Inventor： DRUMMOND JAMES E ,  SHIH I-FU

IPC: G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J

Abstract: This invention relates to a dispersive holographic spectrometer (12) for analyzing radiation from an infrared source (16). The holographic spectrometer (12) comprises a piezoelectric block (40) having a holographic lens (38) on one face, an array of detectors (36) on another face and a pair of vernier electrodes (32, 34) on opposite faces. Radiation from the source (16) incident upon the holographic lens (38) is dispersed into component wavelengths (44, 46) and directed towards the detector array (36). The holographic lens (38) has a holographic interference pattern recorded on it such that radiation of predetermined wavelength components are dispersed sufficiently enough such that radiation of specific wavelengths falls on different detector elements (48) of the detector array (36). By applying a voltage to the electrodes (32, 38), an electric field is created within the piezoelectric block (40) such that it is either compressed or expanded. This change in the piezoelectric block (40) alters the direction of the radiation from the holographic lens (38) to the detector array (36). Therefore, misalignment of the source (16) with the holographic lens (38) can be compensated for such that piezoelectric adjustment of the block (40) will make the radiation of individual wavelengths fall on the desired detector element (48). Further, radiation from different wavelengths can be directed from one detector element to another. The detector array (36) is self-scanning such that an absorption spectrum can be measured and recorded over a range of frequencies.

公开(公告)号：GB2199942A

公开(公告)日：1988-07-20

申请号：GB8800085

申请日：1988-01-05

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO

Inventor： CHANG DAVID B ,  BERG MICHAEL F ,  DRUMMOND JAMES E ,  MICKELSON LEE

IPC: G01N25/72

Abstract: A system for inspecting the electronic integrity of solder joints by repetitive pulse-heating the solder joints with radiant energy and determining the temperature oscillation of pulse-heated solder joints by measuring the infrared emissions from the solder joints during heating and non-heating periods. Advantageously, the exposed solder joints of a circuit board can be tested all at one time by pulse-heating the entire circuit board. The temperature oscillation of each joint can be compared to the temperature oscillations of corresponding standard solder joints of known good electronic integrity on properly operating boards.