公开(公告)号：WO1987005055A1

公开(公告)日：1987-08-27

申请号：PCT/US1986002753

申请日：1986-12-22

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  ROGERS, Harvey, N., Jr. ,  SMITH, Ronald, T.

IPC: C23C16/48

CPC classification number: C23C16/401 ,  C23C16/482

Abstract: An optical coating which is stable upon sustained exposure to water vapor is provided by a low-temperature photochemical vapor deposition process. First, there are provided a first vapor phase reactant containing silicon, a second selected vapor phase reactant, and an oxygen-containing precursor which are capable of interacting upon radiation inducement to form the corresponding oxides of the vapor phase reactants. A chosen substrate is exposed to the first and second selected vapor phase reactants in predetermined proportions and the chosen oxygen-containing precursor in the presence of radiation of a predetermined wavelength to induce a reaction to form a coating on the substrate. The coating comprises a silicon dioxide containing a predetermined proportion of the second oxide, such as lead oxide. The coating maintains stable optical properties upon sustained exposure to water vapor, as indicated by stable peak wavelength of reflectance and stable optical transmittance. Graded index optical elements as well as quarterwave stack structure may be formed by this process.

Abstract translation: 通过低温光化学气相沉积工艺提供在持续暴露于水蒸汽时稳定的光学涂层。 首先，提供了含有硅的第一气相反应物，第二选择的气相反应物和含氧前体，其能够在辐射诱导下相互作用以形成相应的气相反应物的氧化物。 所选择的衬底以预定比例暴露于第一和第二选择的气相反应物，并且在预定波长的辐射存在下选择的含氧前体以引起在衬底上形成涂层的反应。 涂层包含含有预定比例的第二氧化物的二氧化硅，例如氧化铅。 持续暴露于水蒸气时，涂层保持稳定的光学性能，如反射率的稳定峰值波长和稳定的光透射率所示。 可以通过该过程形成分级索引光学元件以及四分之一波长堆叠结构。

公开(公告)号：WO1985001115A1

公开(公告)日：1985-03-14

申请号：PCT/US1984001257

申请日：1984-08-09

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  CHERN, Mao-Jin ,  SMITH, Ronald, T. ,  PETERS, John, W.

IPC: G02B01/10

CPC classification number: G02B1/10 ,  B01J12/02 ,  G01B5/00 ,  G02B5/289 ,  Y10S359/90 ,  Y10T428/24736

Abstract: A process for depositing on the surface of a substrate a layer of a chosen material having continuous gradations in refractive index in a predetermined periodic pattern. The substrate is exposed to two vapor phase reactants which react upon radiation-inducement to produce the chosen material, and the relative proportion of the reactants is varied in a predetermined and continuous sequence to produce continuous gradations in the stoichiometric composition and refractive index of the deposited layer as a function of thickness. Additionally, predetermined changes in refractive index and/or thickness across the horizontal surface of the substrate may be produced in combination with the change in refractive index as a function of thickness. Diffraction optical elements formed by such a process include various optical filters and reflective optical coatings.

公开(公告)号：WO1989002611A1

公开(公告)日：1989-03-23

申请号：PCT/US1988003055

申请日：1988-09-06

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  HEGG, Ronald, G. ,  SMITH, Ronald, T. ,  CHERN, Mao-Jin ,  FERRER, John, J.

IPC: G02B27/00

CPC classification number: G02B27/0101 ,  B60K2350/1064 ,  B60K2350/2052 ,  G02B2027/0118 ,  G02B2027/0165

Abstract: A compact, inexpensive and mass-producible optical display system for an automobile creates a highly visible and sharp, high contrast and pleasing, multi-color magnified virtual image of a primary instrument cluster at a viewing distance which is greater than the actual optical distance between the dashboard and the driver's eyes in order to enhance instrument readability, minimize driver eye strain, and reduce eye focus problems which are associated with transitioning between the far range viewing used for watching the road ahead and the near range viewing used for glancing at the instruments. A non-pupil forming display system uses a single off-axis asphericle mirror with power to create a virtual image of a miniaturized, multi-color passive image source, such as a segmented LCD panel, which is backlighted by a small filament incandescent light bulb. The aspheric surface is optimized to minimize aberrations and reduce vertical disparity and field curvature. The image source is pre-distorted to compensate for distortion in the off-axis configuration. A holographic diffusing screen element laminated onto the image source provides uniform high brightness and uniform contrast over the entire field-of-view which is visible from an eyellipse sufficient to accommodate most of the driver population, minimizes the visual impact of any optical aberrations near the edge of the viewing area, and provides the non-pupil forming system with some of the desirable optical properties of a pupil forming system. The incandescent bulb is positioned at a remote location selected to minimize heat in the region of the image source and to facilitate replacement of the bulb in case of failure. The light emitted by the bulb is collected and focused into the aperture of a fiber optic bundle which splits into a number of ends behind the LCD panel. Ambient reflections are reduced and controlled by a curved and tilted glare shield and a black surface light trap.

公开(公告)号：WO1994014632A1

公开(公告)日：1994-07-07

申请号：PCT/US1993012519

申请日：1993-12-21

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  SMITH, Ronald, T. ,  DAIBER, Andrew

IPC: B60Q01/26

CPC classification number: F21V25/00 ,  B60Q1/302 ,  F21S43/237 ,  F21S43/245 ,  F21S43/247 ,  F21S43/255 ,  F21S43/26 ,  F21V5/002 ,  G03H2223/16 ,  G03H2260/12 ,  Y10S362/812

Abstract: A holographic center mounted stop light (CHMSL) is disclosed which employs a linear lamp source comprising a long and narrow cylindrical gas discharge bulb (52), a non-imaging light concentrator cavity (56), a plastic light guide (58) and a hologram (62). The CHMSL is characterized by previously unattainable compactness, weight savings, rear occupant headroom, driver rearward visibility and electrical efficiency.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种全息中心安装的停止灯（CHMSL），其使用包括长而窄的圆柱形气体放电灯泡（52），非成像光聚集器腔（56），塑料光导（58）和 全息图（62）。 CHMSL的特点是以前无法实现的紧凑性，重量减轻，后乘员余量，驾驶员向后的可视性和电气效率。

公开(公告)号：WO1989002612A1

公开(公告)日：1989-03-23

申请号：PCT/US1988002578

申请日：1988-07-29

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  GRINBERG, Jan ,  SMITH, Ronald, T.

IPC: G02B27/12

CPC classification number: G02F1/133621 ,  G02B5/203 ,  G02B5/32 ,  G02F1/133526 ,  G03H1/26 ,  H04N9/12 ,  Y10S359/90

Abstract: A system and method are described for achieving a high efficiency, full color display using color sensitive lenses such as holographic lenses. A lens assembly is composed of discrete lens elements (1, 2, 3) which are sensitive to different wavelengths bands of light. Each lens element (1, 2, 3) focuses input light within its waveband onto a corresponding target area, and generally transmits input light outside of its waveband. A separate target area (R, G, B) is provided for each lens element, whereby incoming light is divided into its constituent colors. The separate color stripes (R, G, B) may then be operated upon to produce a desired display. For incoming light which is to be divided into n different wavebands and directed onto separate target areas each having an area A, the area of each lens element is approximately nA, and each lens overlaps the next adjacent lens by an area approximately equal to (n-1)A. By generally transmitting rather than absorbing light outside the band of each lens element, the assembly achieves a high degree of both efficiency and resolution. Specific applications to various types of flat-panel displays and light valves are disclosed, as well as preferred fabrication techniques for the holographic lenses.

公开(公告)号：WO1987001211A2

公开(公告)日：1987-02-26

申请号：PCT/US1986001574

申请日：1986-08-01

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  CHERN, Mao-Jin ,  FERRER, John, J. ,  SMITH, Ronald, T.

IPC: G02B27/00

CPC classification number: G02B1/10 ,  G02B5/0883 ,  G02B5/28 ,  G02B5/32 ,  G02B27/0103 ,  G02B27/1006 ,  G02B27/1086 ,  G02B27/142 ,  G02B27/149 ,  G02B2027/0105 ,  G02B2027/0107 ,  G02B2027/0116 ,  G02B2027/0145

Abstract: An improved optical combiner useful in many applications. The combiner includes a substrate (10) with at least one aspheric surface and a diffraction-type reflective coating (12) formed on the substrate (10) for selectively reflecting radiation within one or more predetermined narrow band ranges of wavelengths impinging on the coating. The aspericity of the surface may be selected to compensate or balance optical aberations. The coating is advantageously a graded-index (16) coating (12), which eliminates the possible degradation of gelatin hologram coatings due to moisture. A process for applying the graded-index (16) coating (12) to a substrate (10) is disclosed. The variation in the index profile of the coating can be selected to provide the capability of combiners with multiple color reflectivity responses, or which allow use of display light sources of wider spectral bandwidth, resulting in a brighter image and improved angular bandwidth.

Abstract translation: 一种改进的光学组合器，可用于许多应用。 组合器包括具有至少一个非球面的衬底（10）和形成在衬底（10）上的衍射型反射涂层（12），用于选择性地反射在一个或多个预定的窄带波长范围内的辐射。 可以选择表面的平滑度以补偿或平衡光学像差。 该涂层有利地是渐变折射率（16）涂层（12），其消除了由于水分导致的明胶全息图涂层的可能劣化。 公开了一种将渐变折射率（16）涂层（12）应用于基底（10）的方法。 可以选择涂层的折射率分布的变化以提供具有多种颜色反射率响应的组合器的能力，或者允许使用更宽光谱带宽的显示光源，导致更亮的图像和改进的角带宽。

公开(公告)号：WO1984000616A1

公开(公告)日：1984-02-16

申请号：PCT/US1983001140

申请日：1983-07-22

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  GUNTHER, John, E. ,  SMITH, Ronald, T.

IPC: G02B05/32

CPC classification number: G02B5/32

Abstract: Optical apparatus (48) includes the holographic optical element (16) which diffracts the incoming ray (15) in a diffuse cone toward a viewing pupil and at an angle parallel to the axis of fiber optic faceplate (48) so the central ray (17) of the diffused cone passes through optical fiber (54) toward the viewing pupil. This permits the zero-order undiffracted light in ray (25) to be absorbed in the fiber optic faceplate (48).

公开(公告)号：WO1984000615A1

公开(公告)日：1984-02-16

申请号：PCT/US1983001109

申请日：1983-07-20

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  CHERN, Mao-Jin ,  GUNTHER, John, E. ,  SMITH, Ronald, T.

IPC: G02B05/32

CPC classification number: G02B5/32 ,  G02B6/08 ,  G03H2001/0413 ,  G03H2223/18 ,  G03H2250/32

Abstract: Optical assembly (34) has a transmission holographic optical element (46) which refracts the incoming ray (38) at an angle through the angularly oriented fiber (56) in fiber optic faceplate (48). Holographic optical element (50) refracts the ray (66) to become ray (44) toward a viewing pupil. The zero-order light from holographic optical element (46) is absorbed as ray (68) in the fiber optic faceplate. The zero-order light represented by ray (76) is absorbed in the holographic optical element (50). Holographic optical element (50) preferably forms a diffused viewing pupil for inspection of the light by the user.

公开(公告)号：WO1994015239A1

公开(公告)日：1994-07-07

申请号：PCT/US1993012451

申请日：1993-12-21

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  SMITH, Ronald, T.

IPC: G02B27/00

CPC classification number: G02B27/0081 ,  G02B5/30 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G02B27/0018 ,  G02B27/0103 ,  G02B2027/0118 ,  G02B2027/012 ,  G02B2027/0145 ,  G03H1/0408

Abstract: A waveguide holographic telltale display (50) for displaying images to a vehicle driver via the vehicle windshield. A light source (56) injects light into the base of a clear inner windshield singlet (52). A mirror hologram (62b) between the inner (52) and outer (54) singlets confines a majority of the injected light to the inner singlet (52). An image hologram between the windshield singlets (52, 54) diffracts light out to the vehicle driver. A halfwave plate (66) between the image hologram (62) and the inner singlet (52) reduces ghosting and allows the driver to view the images even through polarized sunglasses. IR light is blocked by a tinted outer singlet (54) or a holographic solar coating (64). The display (50) does not suffer from ambient turn from the sun, and the light source (56) is hidden away from the vehicle dash.

Abstract translation: 一种用于经由车辆挡风玻璃将图像显示到车辆驾驶员的波导全息指示显示器（50）。 光源（56）将光注入透明的内部挡风玻璃单体（52）的基座中。 内部（52）和外部（54）单体之间的镜子全息图（62b）将大部分注入的光限制在内部单线态（52）上。 挡风玻璃单体（52,54）之间的图像全息图将光射出到车辆驾驶员。 图像全息图（62）和内单声道（52）之间的半波片（66）减少重影，并允许驾驶员甚至通过偏光太阳镜观看图像。 IR光被着色的外单线（54）或全息太阳能涂层（64）阻挡。 显示器（50）不会受到来自太阳的环境转动，并且光源（56）被隐藏以远离车辆划痕。

公开(公告)号：WO1989012238A1

公开(公告)日：1989-12-14

申请号：PCT/US1989000406

申请日：1989-02-03

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  HALL, James, T. ,  SMITH, Ronald, T.

IPC: G02B05/28

CPC classification number: C23C16/52 ,  G02B5/289 ,  Y10S359/90

Abstract: A process for forming a single-notch optical filter having a continually and accurately varying periodic profile. An optical medium is coated on a uniform substrate where the homogeneous optical medium produces a rugate filter, so that the profile of the refractive index follows a sinusoidal pattern and Bragg's law. In a preferred embodiment, as the optical medium is coated on the substrate, the depositing film is monitored by optical techniques, and feedback information is provided to a computer driven by a pre-programmed process control algorithm so that real time control of the manufacturing process may be accomplished.