公开(公告)号：WO1986003081A1

公开(公告)日：1986-05-22

申请号：PCT/US1985002166

申请日：1985-11-04

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  THOMPSON, James, D. ,  ROSEN, Harold, A. ,  PRESSMAN, Leeor

IPC: H04B07/185

CPC classification number: H04B7/18521

Abstract: A two-hop communications system utilizing two collocated spacecraft (Se and Sw) and two remote intersatellite exchange (RISE) means (Re and Rw) provides for communications between ground stations located in two or more defined subregions. Each satellite includes wide band transponders for relaying ground station transmissions to the RISEs. The RISEs convert first hop frequency division multiplexed (FDM) signals to time division multiplexed (TDM) for the second hop. Signals are coded by frequency, polarization and direction so as to avoid loss of bandwidth due to the two-hop approach.

公开(公告)号：WO1988001455A2

公开(公告)日：1988-02-25

申请号：PCT/US1987001717

申请日：1987-07-23

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  ROSEN, Harold, A. ,  THOMPSON, James, D.

IPC: H04B07/185

CPC classification number: H04B7/18515 ,  Y02D70/446

Abstract: A satellite communications system employs separate subsystems for providing broadcast and point-to-point two-way communications using the same assigned frequency band. The broadcast and point-to-point subsystems employ an integrated satellite antenna system which uses a common reflector (12). The point-to-point subsystem achieves increased communication capacity through the reuse of the assigned frequency band over multiple, contiguous zones (32, 34, 36, 38) covering the area of the earth to be serviced. Small aperture terminals in the zones are serviced by a plurality of high gain downlink fan beams (29) steered in the east-west direction by frequency address. A special beam-forming network (98) provides in conjunction with an array antenna (20) the multiple zone frequency address function. The satellite (10) employs a filter interconnection matrix (90) for connecting earth terminals in different zones in a manner which permits multiple reuse of the entire band of assigned frequencies. A single pool of solid state transmitters allows rain disadvantaged users to be assigned higher than normal power at minimum cost. The intermodulation products of the transmitters are geographically dispersed.

Abstract translation: 卫星通信系统采用单独的子系统，用于使用相同的分配频带提供广播和点对点双向通信。 广播和点对点子系统采用使用公共反射器（12）的集成卫星天线系统。 点对点子系统通过在覆盖要被维护的地球区域的多个连续区域（32,34,36,38）上重新使用分配的频带来实现增加的通信容量。 区域中的小孔径终端由多个通过频率地址在东西方向转向的高增益下行风扇波束（29）提供服务。 特殊的波束形成网络（98）结合阵列天线（20）提供多频带地址功能。 卫星（10）采用滤波器互连矩阵（90），用于以允许分配频率的整个频带的多重重用的方式在不同区域中连接接地端子。 一个单一的固态发射器池允许雨水处于不利地位的用户以最低的成本分配高于正常功率。 发射机的互调产物在地理上分散。

公开(公告)号：WO1988007786A2

公开(公告)日：1988-10-06

申请号：PCT/US1988000478

申请日：1988-02-19

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  THOMPSON, James, D.

IPC: H03F03/60

CPC classification number: H01Q21/22 ,  H01Q3/22 ,  H03F3/602 ,  H03F2200/198 ,  Y10S343/02

Abstract: An equal power amplifier system (100) for amplifying a plurality of signals for transmission by an active phase array antenna (20), and a compact plural level beam-forming network (98) for forming a plurality of such signals, for example on excitation patterns for frequency scanned virtual beams, are disclosed. The amplifier system uses at most only a few sizes of power amplifiers (130, 134) to amplify efficiently numerous signals having significantly different amplitudes. This is accomplished by distributing the task of amplifying signal pairs (Ai, Bi) composed of one large amplitude signal and one small amplitude signal to an equal power amplifying apparatus (130; 230), which includes two hybrid couplers (236, 238) and two equally sized power amplifiers (232, 234). The first hybrid coupler (236) divides the two signals (Ai, Bi) for input into the two power amplifiers. The second hybrid coupler (238) receives the intermediate amplified signals from the power amplifiers and through constructive and destructive interference produces amplified output signals (Ai*, Bi*) corresponding to the input signals. Also disclosed is a method for properly selecting pairs of signals from an amplitude distribution (200; 202) for application to such equal power amplifying apparatuses of the amplifier system in order to operate the power amplifiers therein at or near peak efficiency. The beam-forming network (98) is arranged on two levels to simplify interconnection of the selected pairs of outputs of its line summers (176) for input into the equal power amplifier system. The amplifier system and beam-forming network may be used together, for example, in the transmit antenna system of a geosynchronous satellite (10) or mobile earth station.

公开(公告)号：WO1988007770A1

公开(公告)日：1988-10-06

申请号：PCT/US1988000532

申请日：1988-02-26

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  THOMPSON, James, D.

IPC: H01Q25/00

CPC classification number: H01Q21/22 ,  H01Q25/00 ,  H03F3/602 ,  H03F2200/198

Abstract: A beam-forming network (98) employs one or a plurality of first transmission delay lines (168, 170, 172, 174) for receiving transmit signals (T1-T4) applied thereto, and a plurality of second transmission lines (176), which serve as line summers. Each of the first transmission delay lines has first and second portions (168a, 168b; 170a, 170b; 172a, 172b; 174a, 174b) spaced apart from one another so as to define first and second levels displaced from one another. The set of second transmission lines (176) are arranged in first and second subsets (176a, 176b) which are respectively disposed adjacent to the first and second levels and respectively associated with the first and second portions of the first lines, such that the first subset of second lines is coupled to the first portion of the first lines, and the second subset of the second lines is coupled to the second portion of the first lines. Further, selected ones of the first subset of second lines are disposed adjacent to selected ones of the second subset of second lines in order to facilitate simple and ordely routing of transmission lines (126, 128, 130) between the beam-forming network and a novel equal power amplifier system (100) described herein.

公开(公告)号：WO1987004013A1

公开(公告)日：1987-07-02

申请号：PCT/US1986002459

申请日：1986-11-17

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  THOMPSON, James, D. ,  LEVINSON, David, S.

IPC: H01P01/208

CPC classification number: H01P1/2082

Abstract: Circularly polarized radiation is tapped off from an input waveguide (IWG) through an input iris (a) into an entry cavity (A), where it is resolved into two orthogonal linearly polarized components (H, V). These respectively proceed along two discrete paths to an exit cavity (D). In each path six independently tunable resonances - traversed by both direct and bridge couplings - provide enough degrees of freedom for quasi-elliptic filter functions. In the exit cavity the resultants from the two paths are combined to resynthesize circularly-polarized radiation, which traverses another iris (g) to the output waveguide (OWG). In one layout, four resonant tri-mode cavities form a rectangular array with entry and exit cavities at diagonally opposite corners - and intermediate cavities for the two discrete paths in the two remaining corners. In another layout, six dual-mode cavities form a three-dimensional array: entry and exit cavities stacked one above the other, and two intermediate two-cavity stacks for the two discrete paths adjacent the entry/exit stack.

Abstract translation: 圆偏振辐射从输入波导（IWG）通过输入光圈（a）分接到入口腔（A）中，其中它被分解成两个正交的线性偏振分量（H，V）。 这些分别沿着两个离散的路径进入出口腔（D）。 在每个路径中，通过直接和桥接耦合穿过的六个独立可调谐的谐振为准椭圆滤波器功能提供了足够的自由度。 在出口腔中，来自两个路径的结果被组合以重新合成圆偏振辐射，其将另一个虹膜（g）穿过输出波导（OWG）。 在一个布局中，四个谐振三模腔形成矩形阵列，其具有在对角相对拐角处的入口和出口空腔以及在两个剩余拐角中的两个离散路径的中间腔。 在另一种布局中，六个双模腔形成三维阵列：一个彼此堆叠的入口和出口空腔，以及用于邻近入口/出口叠层的两个离散路径的两个中间两腔堆叠。

公开(公告)号：WO1986003344A1

公开(公告)日：1986-06-05

申请号：PCT/US1985002212

申请日：1985-11-12

Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY

Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY ,  THOMPSON, James, D. ,  CZUBA, Gregory, S.

IPC: H01Q25/04

CPC classification number: H01Q19/13 ,  H01Q13/025

Abstract: A high gain-area-product antenna using a dual mode feel element is designed to provide substantially uniform gain coverage over an angular region. The primary pattern (6) emitted at the antenna feed (2) is modified to make the H-plane distribution approximate the E-plane distribution (3). Both the main lobe and side lobes of the primary pattern are projected onto the reflector (4) in order to establish a secondary projected pattern (8) which approaches an ideal sector beam.

Abstract translation: 使用双模式感觉元件的高增益面积产品天线设计成在角度区域上提供基本上均匀的增益覆盖。 在天线馈送（2）处发射的主要模式（6）被修改以使得H平面分布接近于E平面分布（3）。 主要图案的主瓣和旁瓣均投影到反射器（4）上，以便建立接近理想扇形光束的次级投影图案（8）。

公开(公告)号：EP0278982B1

公开(公告)日：1993-01-13

申请号：EP87906482.2

申请日：1987-07-23

Applicant: Hughes Aircraft Company

Inventor： ROSEN, Harold, A. ,  THOMPSON, James, D.

IPC: H04B7/185 ,  H01Q25/00

CPC classification number: H04B7/18515 ,  Y02D70/446

Abstract: A satellite communications system employs separate subsystems for providing broadcast and point-to-point two-way communications using the same assigned frequency band. The broadcast and point-to-point subsystems employ an integrated satellite antenna system which uses a common reflector (12). The point-to-point subsystem achieves increased communication capacity through the reuse of the assigned frequency band over multiple, contiguous zones (32, 34, 36, 38) covering the area of the earth to be serviced. Small aperture terminals in the zones are serviced by a plurality of high gain downlink fan beams (29) steered in the east-west direction by frequency address. A special beam-forming network (98) provides in conjunction with an array antenna (20) the multiple zone frequency address function. The satellite (10) employs a filter interconnection matrix (90) for connecting earth terminals in different zones in a manner which permits multiple reuse of the entire band of assigned frequencies. A single pool of solid state transmitters allows rain disadvantaged users to be assigned higher than normal power at minimum cost. The intermodulation products of the transmitters are geographically dispersed.

Abstract translation: 卫星通信系统采用单独的子系统，用于使用相同的分配频带提供广播和点对点双向通信。 广播和点对点子系统采用使用公共反射器（12）的集成卫星天线系统。 点到点子系统通过覆盖要被维护的地球区域的多个连续区域（32,34,36,38）重新分配分配的频带来实现增加的通信容量。 区域中的小孔径终端由多个通过频率地址在东西方向转向的高增益下行风扇波束（29）提供服务。 特殊的波束形成网络（98）结合阵列天线（20）提供多区域频率地址功能。 卫星（10）采用滤波器互连矩阵（90），用于以允许对所分配频率的整个频带进行多次重用的方式在不同区域中连接接地端子。 一个单一的固态发射器池允许雨水处于不利地位的用户以最低的成本分配高于正常功率。 变送器的互调产品在地理上分散。

公开(公告)号：EP0249612B1

公开(公告)日：1991-10-16

申请号：EP86907180.3

申请日：1986-11-17

Applicant: Hughes Aircraft Company

Inventor： THOMPSON, James, D. ,  LEVINSON, David, S.

IPC: H01P1/208

CPC classification number: H01P1/2082

Abstract: Circularly polarized radiation is tapped off from an input waveguide (IWG) through an input iris (a) into an entry cavity (A), where it is resolved into two orthogonal linearly polarized components (H, V). These respectively proceed along two discrete paths to an exit cavity (D). In each path six independently tunable resonances - traversed by both direct and bridge couplings - provide enough degrees of freedom for quasi-elliptic filter functions. In the exit cavity the resultants from the two paths are combined to resynthesize circularly-polarized radiation, which traverses another iris (g) to the output waveguide (OWG). In one layout, four resonant tri-mode cavities form a rectangular array with entry and exit cavities at diagonally opposite corners - and intermediate cavities for the two discrete paths in the two remaining corners. In another layout, six dual-mode cavities form a three-dimensional array: entry and exit cavities stacked one above the other, and two intermediate two-cavity stacks for the two discrete paths adjacent the entry/exit stack.

公开(公告)号：EP0207091B1

公开(公告)日：1990-12-27

申请号：EP85905708.5

申请日：1985-11-04

Applicant: Hughes Aircraft Company

Inventor： THOMPSON, James, D. ,  ROSEN, Harold, A. ,  PRESSMAN, Leeor

IPC: H04B7/185

CPC classification number: H04B7/18521

Abstract: A two-hop communications system utilizing two collocated spacecraft (Se and Sw) and two remote intersatellite exchange (RISE) means (Re and Rw) provides for communications between ground stations located in two or more defined subregions. Each satellite includes wide band transponders for relaying ground station transmissions to the RISEs. The RISEs convert first hop frequency division multiplexed (FDM) signals to time division multiplexed (TDM) for the second hop. Signals are coded by frequency, polarization and direction so as to avoid loss of bandwidth due to the two-hop approach.

公开(公告)号：EP0249612A1

公开(公告)日：1987-12-23

申请号：EP86907180.0

申请日：1986-11-17

Applicant: Hughes Aircraft Company

Inventor： THOMPSON, James, D. ,  LEVINSON, David, S.

IPC: H01P1 ,  H01P5

CPC classification number: H01P1/2082

Abstract: Un rayonnement à polarisation circulaire est dérivé à partir d'un guide d'ondes d'entrée (IWG) par l'intermédiaire d'un diaphragme iris d'entrée (a) dans une cavité d'entrée (A), où il est décomposé en composantes orthogonales à polarisation linéaire (H, V). Ces deux composantes avancent respectivement le long de deux chemins séparés en direction d'une cavité de sortie (D). Dans chaque chemin, six résonances pouvant être syntonisées séparément, traversées à la fois par des couplages directs et des couplages pontés, permettent d'obtenir des degrés de liberté suffisants pour remplir des fonctions de filtre quasi-elliptiques. Dans la cavité de sortie, les résultantes des deux chemins sont combinées afin de resynthétiser le rayonnement à polarisation circulaire, lequel traverse un autre diaphragme iris (g) en direction du guide d'ondes de sortie (OWG). Dans un mode de réalisation, quatre cavités trimodales résonantes forment un réseau rectangulaire, avec des cavités d'entrée et de sortie placées dans des angles diamétralement opposés et des cavités intermédiaires, destinées aux deux chemins séparés, placées dans les deux angles restants. Dans une autre variante, six cavités bimodales forment un réseau tridimensionnel, les cavités d'entrée et de sortie étant empilées l'une sur l'autre, deux piles à deux cavités intermédiaires, destinées aux deux chemins séparés, étant adjacentes à la pile d'entrée/sortie.