公开(公告)号：JPH08221012A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-30

申请号：JP33075395

申请日：1995-12-19

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： JIYOZEFU GUROOBAA GOODON SEKAN ,  MAAKU UITSUTONII HAATO ,  ANDORIYUU MARIAN HOMORA ,  DENISU RICHIYAADO MATSUKIIN ,  ROORENSU BURAIAN SHIEIN ,  BAATON AREN SUMISU ,  SARII AN SUWANSON

IPC: G09F9/37 ,  G02F1/167

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an improved electromotive display device having a low power consumption quantity and a good image contrast by providing a counter electrode and a panel having a light reflecting or light absorbing surface on a light transmitting front window and a collective electrode, and providing a plurality of cells containing a light transmitting liquid suspension of charged pigment particles. SOLUTION: Multiple cells containing a light transmitting liquid suspension of charged pigment particles are provided. Each cell contains a front transmitting counter electrode 2 (serving as a front window), a horizontal back panel 4 having a light refrective or light absorptive surface 6 facing the electrode 2 and a collective electrode 8 arranged apart from the front electrode 2 in the cell and becoming no obstacle. A suspension 10 of a colloidal pigment is arranged in the space between the front electrode 2 and a back panel 4. The back panel 4 covers almost all the horizontal (lateral) region of the cell. Pigment electrons are collected on the non-obstructive collective electrode 8 in the preferable state, and the ambient light is reflected on the back panel 4 and can be returned to an observer. The cell is operated with no continuous artificial electric light source (e.g. a back-light).

公开(公告)号：JPH07209104A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-11

申请号：JP28302094

申请日：1994-11-17

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： EDOUIN JIYOSEFU SERUKAA ,  BAATON AREN SUMISU ,  BORISU KAMENTSUAA

IPC: G01L1/22 ,  G01L5/16 ,  G01L5/22 ,  G06F3/033

Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a force converter which is embodied in a small construction, ensures improved signal-noise ratio, high reliability, improved performance and long lifetime, and which can be produced at a cost to assure high competitive power. CONSTITUTION: A force converter 10 includes a thin and long lever arm 12 installed on a base board having a central part and a flat tab region protruding outward from the central part along the first and the second orthogonal force sensing axis. When the external force is hitched at the free end 14 of this lever arm 12, the base board receives concentrated strain in the joint part between the tab region and central part. Thick film strain gauges 24, 26 are directly printed on the base board, at least in the first and the second position, and electroconductive pads on the board are coupled electrically with the strain gauge material in the specied positions so that the first strain gauge arranged along the first force sensing axis and the second strain gauge arranged along the second force sensing axis are partitioned.