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公开(公告)号：KR810001075B1
公开(公告)日：1981-09-11
申请号：KR780001649
申请日：1978-05-31
Applicant: IBM
IPC: C25D3/06
Abstract: In a solution for electroplating Cr in which the source of Cr ions is an aqueous equilibrated solution of Cr (III) thiocyanate complex, the improvement comprises a buffer in the solution which provides one of the ligands for the complex. The buffer is an amino acid, peptide, formate, acetate or hypophosphite. Specifically the amino acid is glycine, aspartic acid, arginine or histidine. The deposition of Cr is facilitated at high current densities, both by catalytic effect of the thiocyanate and by the intimate buffering at the cathode by the amino acid released from the Cr atom as it discharges onto the cathode.
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公开(公告)号：CA1054738A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-15
申请号：CA262063
申请日：1976-09-27
Applicant: IBM
IPC: G04G9/00 , C25D11/00 , G02F1/163 , G09F9/30 , G09G3/16 , G09G3/19 , G09G3/38 , G06K15/18 , G09F9/00
Abstract: In addition to the usual two electrodes of an electro-chromic cell at which balanced reactions take place, at least one further electrode is provided. Operation of the display is preceded by applying potential to the two electrodes so that one of them carries a coloured precipitate. Then, a relatively small potential across the a coloured electrode and a selected further electrode transfers the colour to the further electrode. Ohmic connection between the coloured electrode and the further electrode does not cause the colour to dissipate. One application is to a 7 - element digit display and a matrix display comprises columns of electrodes each headed by said two electrodes (called dump and transfer electrodes respectively) and including a plurality of further electrodes. Means for addressing and sensing such a display are described.
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公开(公告)号：BR7708459A
公开(公告)日：1978-11-21
申请号：BR7708459
申请日：1977-12-20
Applicant: IBM
Abstract: According to the disclosure, electrochromic display apparatus is provided, comprising, an electrolyte containing an electrochromic material, a plurality of display electrodes in the electrolyte, the display electrodes being connected in at least one group to enable selection of display electrodes, means for selecting at least some display electrodes, means to effect deposition of a visible coating of colored species derived from the electrochromic material onto the selected display electrodes, and means to effect deposition of an invisible coating of the colored species onto all unselected display electrodes, whereby the potentials of selected and unselected display electrodes are equalized.
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公开(公告)号：ZA795270B
公开(公告)日：1980-09-24
申请号：ZA795270
申请日：1979-10-03
Applicant: IBM
Abstract: A very low concentration trivalent chromium plating bath in which the source of chromium is an aqueous solution of a chromium (III)- thiocyanate complex (Cr less than 0.03 M) gives a deposit of unexpectedly light colour. Such a bath is employed to produce thin overcoatings of light coloured chromium and may replace the rinse tank of a first chromium (III)- thiocyanate process which is optimized for efficiency and bath stability rather than colour.
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