公开(公告)号：DE2360012A1

公开(公告)日：1974-06-27

申请号：DE2360012

申请日：1973-12-01

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： KREWSON NEIL NORMAN ,  TAIT JOHN BALTZER

IPC: G06K9/20 ,  G06K7/016 ,  G06K9/22 ,  G06K9/32 ,  G06K9/12 ,  G06K9/06

Abstract: 1443527 Character recognition systems INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 7 Nov 1973 [26 Dec 1972] 51660/73 Heading G4R A document reading apparatus includes a guide surface on which a character-bearing document to be machine read is placed. The surface has an array of elements which are energized in turn to radiate a signal through the document, each element having such a position that it lies beneath a respective character on the document. A read head placed over a character on the document senses the radiated signal which, by its time of occurrence, is indicative of the position of the character. In addition the radiated signal is used to determine any misorientation or off-centring of the read head relative to the element. The read head also scans the character to generate signals for recognition purposes. The guide surface in the embodiment described has stops against which the document is placed so that the characters on the document are correctly positioned over the elements. Each element comprises a crossed array of infra-red light-emitting diodes, e.g. as shown at the right in Fig. 3a. The read head is hand-held, and comprises a bundle of optical fibres, leading to a photosensor matrix, and a number of light sources surrounding the bundle. When the head is correctly centred and oriented on a character the crossed array will be at the centre of the read head face, as shown at the left in Fig. 3a. Character reading takes place in two cycles. In the first cycle a crossed array is energized at an instant indicative of the position of the array on the guide surface and the infra-red radiation passes through the document and is sensed by the read head. The read head output passes via a store to a centring unit which determines the position and orientation of the cross within the field view by the head. If the cross lies within a certain distance from the axis of the head, as indicated by the innermost circle in Fig. 3a-3c, signals indicating the degree of off-centring and angular misorientation are generated. In the second cycle the read head senses light reflected from the document and passes signals representsing the character viewed to the centring uniwhich, dependent on the centring signals generated in the first cycle, generates correctly centred signals for use in a recognition unit. If the cross lies beyond the said certain distance signals may be generated telling the operator which way to move the head to centre the head on the character. The head may have a field of view which covers more than one character.

公开(公告)号：DE2326616A1

公开(公告)日：1973-12-13

申请号：DE2326616

申请日：1973-05-25

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： BLACK JOHN CLYDE ,  KREWSON NEIL NORMAN ,  TAIT JOHN BALTZER ,  UPDIKE BRUCE MARTIN

IPC: G06F17/30 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C15/00 ,  G06F13/00

公开(公告)号：DE1085364B

公开(公告)日：1960-07-14

申请号：DEI0016330

申请日：1959-04-22

Applicant: IBM DEUTSCHLAND

Inventor： TAIT JOHN BALTZER ,  KAYE LEO CASIMER

IPC: G11B5/004

Abstract: 855,399. Digital data-storage. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. April 24, 1959 [April 25, 1958], No. 13993/59. Class 106 (1). Signals representing decimal digits are converted from a parallel to a serial-parallel form in order to increase the bit density of a storage medium such as a magnetic drum without altering its speed or the frequency of associated circuits. Decimal digits are represented in the 5-bit code shown in Fig. 6 by the state of five input leads and are stored on three tracks of a drum in the form shown in Fig. 7. In Fig. 1 is shown only apparatus associated with the " 6 " and " 0 " input lines, signals on which are recorded in the top and bottom halves respectively of addresses in the left-hand track of the three. With each address are associated timing pulses A to D. A signal on input line 6 is gated by a D-pulse to an inverter 6, and to an OR circuit 5 and a write latch 9 which is switched on for four microseconds. The output of latch 9 s fed to a coil 15 of a read/write head and the circuit is completed by address selector 20. Should line "0" be marked with line " 6 " the signal on line "0" is gated by the D-pulse to a delay latch 23 which is on for about six microseconds. The latch 23 output is then gated by a B-pulse to OR circuit 5 to maintain the write latch 9 on for a further four microseconds resulting in the writing in of an O-bit. Should there be no signal on line " 6 " inverter 6 gives a positive output which is applied through OR circuit 28 to turn it off. This produces an output on line 31 which since the preferred method of recording is NRZ is applied through coil 16 to saturate the medium in the opposite direction. Similarly should there be no signal on line " 0 " the output of inverter 6 is effective to turn off the latch after four microseconds. A signal read by the read/write head is passed through amplifying and shaping means 600, 620, 650 to a read latch 41 to turn it on. If the signal is a 6-bit the output of latch 41 is gated by a C-pulse to delay latch 51. If an O-bit is then read latch 41 is maintained on and the output is applied to gate 45 through which it is gated to O-bit output circuit 80 by an A-pulse which also gates the output of delay latch 51 to 6-bit output 70. If no O-bit is read the output of latch 44 after passing through delay 130 turns the latch off. The circuits and components are described in more detail in the Specification with respect to Figs. 4a to 4f (not shown).