公开(公告)号：DE1291791B

公开(公告)日：1969-04-03

申请号：DEJ0030320

申请日：1966-03-14

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： ARLEN HELLWARTH GEORGE ,  WILLIAM BIDWELL ALEXANDER ,  HAROLD BEETLE JUN DAVID

IPC: H03D1/04 ,  H03D1/18 ,  H03F3/45 ,  H03G3/34 ,  H04B1/12 ,  H04B3/20

Abstract: 1,104,832. Detecting speech signals in noise. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. June 29, 1966 [July 1, 1965], No. 29151/66. Heading G1U. [Also in Divisions H3 and H4] In an arrangement for detecting a signal in the presence of noise, or for measuring signal to average noise level, the input signal is full wave rectified and the resulting signal is averaged and stored and compared with the instantaneous input signal, a signal being indicated when the instantaneous level exceeds the average level by a predetermined amount. The indication of signal presence is used to prevent that portion of the input signal being averaged. In the Fig. the signal and noise from terminal 12 is full wave rectified in detection 14, and applied via a non linear circuit 15 having a logarithmic characteristic and a low pass filter 16 to a switch 26 which, when closed, feeds the signal to an averaging circuit comprising resistor 24 and capacitor 25. The averaged signal is fed via a high input impedance unity gain amplifier 27 to one input of a difference amplifier 17 where the averaged signal is compared with the output of the low pass filter 16, to produce a quantized binary output on 13 when the input signal exceeds the average signal by a predetermined amount. The output is also applied as a control voltage to the switch 26 which comprises a symmetrical transistor 40 controlled between its conducting and non-conducting state by a differential amplifier comprising transistors 44 and 45. A clamp circuit including diode 50 provides that the base of transistor 45 never rises above the potential of the base of transistor 44 and that therefore the total current through the pair is maintained constant. The Zener diode 55 is provided to maintain the current drain through the input line 41 constant irrespective of the state of the switch. The amplifier 27 includes a transistor 65 to provide positive feedback to keep the base collector potential of transistor 60 constant and to make the input impedance of transistor 60 high. If an indication of signal to average noise level is required an additional difference amplifier may be connected to lines 18 and 20 to give an analogue output rather than a binary quantized output.

公开(公告)号：DE1933935A1

公开(公告)日：1970-01-22

申请号：DE1933935

申请日：1969-07-04

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： WILLIAM BIDWELL ALEXANDER ,  WEINBERGER ARNOLD

IPC: G11C15/04 ,  G11C15/00

Abstract: 1,220,000. Transistor bi-stable circuits. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. 7 July, 1969 [15 July, 1968], No. 34101/69. Heading H3T. [Also in Division G4] The bi-stable storage cell of Fig. 2 for use in a monolithic memory, is enabled for read, write or associative interrogation by pulses on leads X, Y to turn transistors 58 and 59 on and off respectively. For write, a pulse on lead 31 or 32 turns a respective transistor 54 or 55 on and an associated transistor 50 or 51 off. During read and interrogate, a pulse appears on lead 31 or 32 depending on the stored state. Leads 31, 32 go to a differential sense amplifier, an isolator circuit (Fig. 3, not shown) being connected in lead 31. The memory using the cells, stores each bit in true and inverse form in respective cells, but the two cells for a bit may both store 1, or both store 0.