Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an analog-to-digital converter and a method for achieving high accuracy and linearity of a device, even when the magnitude of a component is small. SOLUTION: The present invention relates to the analog-to-digital converter (301), having several comparators (303) and to a reference circuit network. The reference circuit network comprises several reference elements (302). At least one input (304) of at least one comparator (303) is connected between the individual reference elements (302) of the reference circuit network in the analog-to-digital converter (301), respectively. A digital evaluation circuit (311), with which the statistical evaluation of output signals generated by the comparators (303) can be carried out, is linked to outputs (309) of the comparators (303) of the analog-to-digital converter (301). The present invention also relates to a method for converting an analog signal (U a ) into a digital signal (D). COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
The invention relates to a switching circuit system, an electrochemical sensor, a sensor system, and a method for processing a current signal made available via a sensor electrode. The inventive switching circuit system comprises a sensor electrode, a first circuit unit that is electrically coupled to the sensor electrode, and a second circuit unit which is provided with a first capacitor. The first circuit unit is arranged in such a way that it maintains the electric potential of the sensor electrode within a predefined first reference range at a predefined electric set point potential by coupling the first capacitor to the sensor electrode such that the electric potential can be adjusted. The second circuit unit is arranged in such a way that it detects any deviation of the electric potential of the first capacitor from a second reference range and brings the first capacitor to a first electric reference potential.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a measuring cell for receiving an electric potential of a sample. Said cell has a common substrate for a sensor, which converts a sample into an electric potential and for an amplifier circuit, which is connected to the sensor. The measuring field contains several measuring cells. The measuring cell can also be used to subject a sample to an electric potential, by applying an electric signal to the amplifier circuit.
Abstract:
The surface optimisation of components in integrated circuits with m components may be determined by a method comprising the following steps: fixing a pre-set repeat precision sigmaout; determination of the minimum surface area Ai for components of the circuit with a data processing unit; whereby the minimum surface area Ai of an i-th component in the circuit is determined by the following equation (I): where cij is a matching constant for the j-th of n electrical parameters with 1
Abstract:
The invention relates to an integrated electronic circuit with a semiconductor substrate and at least one inductor that is characterized in that below said inductor at least one silicide layer (30) is located.
Abstract:
According to the invention, a plurality of cumulative current flows fulfilling a pre-determined selection criterion can be determined from detected cumulative current flows. At least one cumulative current flow fulfilling a pre-determined second selection criterion can be selected from the determined cumulative current flows, as a cumulative current flow representing a sensor signal. The sensor element to which a sensor signal is applied is determined from the selected cumulative current flow.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a sensor assembly comprising a plurality of line conductors oriented in a first direction, a plurality of column conductors oriented in at least a second direction, and a plurality of sensor fields arranged in intersection zones between line conductors and column conductors. Each sensor field comprises at least one coupling device for electrically coupling respectively a line conductor with a column conductor, and a sensing element which is associated with the coupling device and which is designed in such a way as to influence the electric current flow passing through the associated coupling device. The inventive sensor assembly also comprises a means electrically coupled with an end zone of at least part of the line conductors and of at least part of the column conductors and designed to detect a corresponding cumulative current flow, consisting of individual current flows supplied by the sensor fields of each conductor. The inventive sensor assembly further comprises a decoding device coupled with the line conductors and with the column conductors.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a biosensor for detecting nucleic acids, comprising at least two units for immobilizing nucleic acids and one electrical detection circuit. Said units are electroconductive and electrically insulated from one another. The units are provided with first nucleic acid molecules that are present as single-stranded molecules and that are capable of binding second nucleic acids to be detected. These scavenger molecules are provided with a redox-active marker that is capable of producing a detectable signal. The electrical detection circuit is adapted to detect by means of the marker any nucleic acid molecules bound to the scavenger molecules.
Abstract:
An integrated circuit arrangement (300) has at least one electronic component (302), and also at least one resistance determining circuit that is coupled to the electronic component and is monolithically integrated with the latter and serves for determining the parasitic non-reactive resistance (303) of at least the lead to the at least one electronic component.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an analog-to-digital converter (301), comprising several comparators (303) and a reference network, said reference network having several reference elements (302). At least one input (304) of at least one comparator (303) is connected between the individual reference elements (302) of the reference network in the analog-to-digital converter (301), respectively. A digital evaluation circuit (311) with which the statistical evaluation of the output signals generated by the comparators (303) can be carried out is linked to the outputs (309) of the comparators of the analog-to-digital converter (301). The invention also relates to a corresponding method for converting an analog signal (Ua) into a digital signal (D).