公开(公告)号：US3906280A

公开(公告)日：1975-09-16

申请号：US37258273

申请日：1973-06-22

Applicant: MAX PLANCK GESELLSCHAFT

Inventor： ANDELFINGER CLAUS ,  DOMMASCHK WALTER ,  OTT WERNER ,  ULRICH MANFRED ,  WEBER GERMAN

IPC: H01J3/02 ,  H01J5/06 ,  H01J29/46

CPC classification number: H01J5/06 ,  H01J3/02

Abstract: An electron beam producing system for acceleration voltages in the order of magnitude of megavolts and beam powers in the order of magnitude of gigawatts, comprises a tubular housing of insulating material, in which adjacent to its one closed end a field emission cathode with a large surface area is arranged while at its other end, from which the electron beam emerges, an annular anode is arranged. A device serves for collimating the electrons emitted by the cathode to form a collimated electron beam. The device for collimating the electron consists of annular electrodes, which respectively comprise a part adjacent to their center opening and an outer part which is held on the housing and has a radial electrical passage extending towards the outside of the housing. The inner part of the electrode lying closest to the cathode has at least approximately the shape of a frusto-conical surface which tapers towards the cathode; in that the inner part of the remaining electrodes is flat or at least approximately frusto-conical and respectively lies in an equipotential surface of an electric field, which collimates the electrons, emitted by the cathode, to form a parallel beam. The housing is surrounded by a coaxial insulating casing with a clearance. The intermediate space between the outer surface of the housing and the casing is surrounded with an electrically conducting liquid with a relatively high specific resistance and at the axial ends has a respective connection electrode, which makes contact with the liquid, for the operating voltage and that the outer parts of the electrodes are so shaped that the radial passages end at those sites of the liquid filled intermediate space at which the fraction, provided for the relevant electrode, of the operating voltage obtains when the operating voltage is applied to the connection electrodes.

Abstract translation: 用于加速电压的电子束产生系统，其兆伏数量级和兆瓦级数量级的光束功率的数量级包括绝缘材料的管状壳体，其中与其一个封闭端相邻的具有大表面的场致发射阴极 区域被布置，而在另一端，电子束从其出来，布置有环形阳极。 器件用于准直由阴极发射的电子以形成准直的电子束。 用于准直电子的装置由环形电极构成，环形电极分别包括与其中心开口相邻的部分和外部部分，该外部部分保持在壳体上并且具有朝壳体外部延伸的径向电气通道。 最靠近阴极的电极的内部部分至少具有朝向阴极逐渐变细的截头圆锥形表面的形状; 其中剩余电极的内部部分是平坦的或至少大致截头圆锥形的，并且分别位于电场的等电位表面中，该电场准直由阴极发射的电子，以形成平行光束。 外壳由具有间隙的同轴绝缘外壳包围。 壳体外表面与壳体之间的中间空间被具有较高电阻率的导电液体包围，轴向端部具有与液体接触的相应连接电极，用于工作电压， 电极的外部部分被成形为使得径向通道在液体填充的中间空间的那些位置处终止，在该位置处，当向连接电极施加工作电压时，提供给相关电极的部分获得工作电压。