Abstract:
A semiconductor chip, apparatus, and associated method are disclosed wherein the semiconductor chip, having at least one electrode and configured as a sensor such as a biosensor, is removably attachable to a tip of a dipstick. The dipstick tip, with the attached semiconductor chip, is arranged to be dipped into a well containing an analyte. The well may be part of a micro-titre plate. The chip electrically senses the presence of a target molecule, such as a bio-molecule, in the analyte. The sensing may typically be by means of a change in a capacitance associated with the electrode which occurs in the presence of the target molecule. The apparatus may include a plurality of dipsticks and associated semiconductor chips which are sensitive for different target molecules. Alternatively or in addition, a single semiconductor chip may have a plurality, many or even many thousands of electrodes, which may be sensitive to different target molecules.
Abstract:
A method of manufacturing a biosensor semiconductor device is disclosed, in which copper electrodes at the major surface of the semiconductor devices are modified to form Au-Cu alloy electrodes. The modification is effected by depositing, typically by sputtering, a gold layer over the device, and then thermally treating the device to promote interdiffusion between the gold and the electrode copper and to alloy them. The alloyed gold-copper is removed from the surface of the device typically by CMP, leaving the exposed electrodes. Since the gold-copper alloy is harder than gold, the CMP process window is wider than would be the case of pure gold; moreover, since the electrode copper has been converted to a gold-copper alloy, it is more corrosion resistant than a conventional copper electrode. The electrodes are thus better compatible with further processing into a biosensor device than is the case with conventional copper electrodes, and the process windows are wider than for gold capped copper electrodes. A biosensor semiconductor device having Au-Cu alloy electrodes is also disclosed.