Abstract:
A PAM (Pulse Amplitude Modulation) modulator driver is configured to receive a PAM input signal having N input amplitude levels and provide a PAM output signal having N output amplitude levels, where N is an integer. The PAM modulator driver circuit configured to electrically adjust amplitude levels in the PAM output signal.
Abstract:
A modulator and a capacitor are integrated on a semiconductor substrate for modulating a laser beam. Integrating the capacitor on the substrate reduces parasitic inductance for high-speed optical communication.