Abstract:
An injection control method for controlling a "common rail" (CR) fuel injection system in a Diesel engine is described. The method comprises the following steps: a. an initialising step for acquiring engine control parameters; and b. a main adjustment cycle for adjusting operational variables of the engine. Advantageously according to the invention, the injection control method further comprises the following steps: c. an interrupting step for adjusting an injection procedure proper of the injection system by variation of all the characteristic parameters of the injection procedure. Also described is an injection control system for a Diesel engine based on the above method.
Abstract:
An article of manufacture in form of a flexible sheet of organic polymer constitution, of finite or theoretically unlimited length, is composed of a monolithically fabricated array of one or more types of cells juxtaposed among them to constitute a multi-cell sheet. Each cell comprises a self consistent, organic base integrated circuit, replicated in each cell of same type of the array, and shares, in common with all other cells of same type, at least a conductor layer of either an electrical supply rail of the integrated circuit or of an input/output of the integrated circuit of the cells. A piece of the multi-cell sheet containing any number of self consistent integrated circuit cells can be severed from the multi-cell sheet as fabricated, by cutting the sheet along intercell boundaries or straight lines, without affecting operability of any cell spared by the cutting. The multi-cell flexible sheet is useful for applications requiring a generally large-area "pixel-like" array of independently functioning cells. The cells forming the flexible sheet as manufactured may all be replica of the same integrated system, for example for applications of large-area flexible displays, the cells may comprise optoelectronic devices based on organic light emitting diodes (OLED), or for large area surface profile morphing or pressure distribution mapping, the cells may comprise an organic electro-mechanical actuator or sensor.
Abstract:
An injection control method for controlling a "common rail" (CR) fuel injection system in a Diesel engine is described. The method comprises the following steps: a. an initialising step for acquiring engine control parameters; and b. a main adjustment cycle for adjusting operational variables of the engine. Advantageously according to the invention, the injection control method further comprises the following steps: c. an interrupting step for adjusting an injection procedure proper of the injection system by variation of all the characteristic parameters of the injection procedure. Also described is an injection control system for a Diesel engine based on the above method.
Abstract:
An injection control method for controlling a "common rail" (CR) fuel injection system in a Diesel engine is described. The method comprises the following steps:
a. an initialising step for acquiring engine control parameters; and b. a main adjustment cycle for adjusting operational variables of the engine. Advantageously according to the invention, the injection control method further comprises the following steps:
c. an interrupting step for adjusting an injection procedure proper of the injection system by variation of all the characteristic parameters of the injection procedure.
Also described is an injection control system for a Diesel engine based on the above method.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a virtual sensor (10) of exhaust emissions from a fuel-injection endothermic engine (9) comprising a combustion chamber in each of its cylinders, a fuel injector serving each combustion chamber, and an electronic fuel-injection control unit (8). Advantageously, the virtual sensor comprises an input interface (1) receiving a signal from at least one pressure sensor for measuring the pressure inside at least one combustion chamber of the engine (9); a second input interface (2) receiving signals from the electronic fuel-injection control unit (8); and a calculation block to provide estimates of the amounts of nitrogen compounds and particulates in the emissions based on the pressure and other relevant signals to the engine operation.
Abstract:
In order to protect the contents of an electronic document through an encryption system based on an initial confusing step in a scrambler and a subsequent diffusion step in a chaotic processor, both steps being of a chaotic type, initially (51) encryption keys (c j ) and an initial chaotic value (X 0 ) are acquired; input character strings (IN) are acquired (53); diffused character strings (s(t)) are calculated (54) using the input character strings, the encryption keys (C j ), and previous diffused character strings (s(t-j)). After a certain number of iterations, sets of diffused character strings (S j ) are added (63) to subsequent chaotic values (X) generated by a chaotic processor (61) to obtain encrypted words (X CR ). Decryption is obtained through two successive operations, wherein the encrypted words are added to chaotic values identical to the encryption values (X) and subtracted from previously decrypted words using an unscrambler element having a structure similar to that of the scrambler and using identical encryption keys.