公开(公告)号：EP0991170B1

公开(公告)日：2003-11-26

申请号：EP98830568.6

申请日：1998-09-28

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Spampinato, Sergio Tommaso ,  Tagliavia, Donato

IPC: H02M3/335 ,  H02M1/00

CPC classification number: H02M1/32 ,  H02M3/33523

公开(公告)号：EP1229234B1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-16

申请号：EP01830066.5

申请日：2001-02-01

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Spampinato, Sergio Tommaso ,  Torres, Antonino

IPC: F02D41/20 ,  G05F3/30 ,  H03K5/08

CPC classification number: G05F3/225 ,  F02D41/20 ,  H03K17/0826 ,  H03K2017/0806

公开(公告)号：EP0989662B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-02

申请号：EP98830554.6

申请日：1998-09-23

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Spampinato, Sergio Tommaso ,  Tagliavia, Donato ,  Torres, Antonino

IPC: H02M3/338

CPC classification number: H02M3/33523 ,  Y02B70/1433

公开(公告)号：EP0993105B1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-08

申请号：EP98830591.8

申请日：1998-10-07

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Lionetto, Antonio ,  Occhipinti, Luigi ,  Spampinato, Sergio Tommaso ,  Caponetto, Riccardo

IPC: H02M3/335

CPC classification number: H02M1/36 ,  H02M3/33523 ,  H02M2001/0032 ,  Y02B70/16

公开(公告)号：EP0991170A1

公开(公告)日：2000-04-05

申请号：EP98830568.6

申请日：1998-09-28

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Spampinato, Sergio Tommaso ,  Tagliavia, Donato

IPC: H02M3/335 ,  H02M1/00

CPC classification number: H02M1/32 ,  H02M3/33523

Abstract: A method of protection from the effects of a persistent short circuit of the output of a DC-DC flyback converter self-oscillating either at a variable frequency or functioning at a fixed frequency in a discontinuous manner, using a transformer for storing and transferring energy to a load, having an auxiliary winding (AUS) for synchronizing the turning on of the power switch (POWER) that drives the winding (N1) of the transformer under a condition of null current in the primary winding when self-oscillating at a variable frequency, wherein the voltage induced back from the current flowing in a secondary winding (N2) of the transformer on said auxiliary winding (AUS) is rectified and filtered (D2, C2) to power, during a steady state of operation, the control circuitry (CONTROL) of the converter, the turning on of the power switch (POWER) being driven during a start-up or recovery phase by a primary control loop, when the supply voltage (VDD) of the control circuit reaches or is over a preestablished enabling threshold of the control circuit, a secondary control loop comprising a photocoupler of the output error voltage (ERROR AMP) to an input (COMP) of the control circuitry (CONTROL) to which it is connected a compensation capacitor (CCOMP), includes the steps of discriminating an output short circuit condition from a start-up or recovery condition by comparing (COMP1) the voltage (V AUS ) present on said auxiliary winding (AUS) with a preestablished threshold (Vref1) higher than the voltage (V AUS ) that is induced on the auxiliary winding (AUS) under a short circuit condition of the secondary winding (N2) of the flyback transformer and by comparing the voltage existing on said compensation capacitor (CCOMP) with a second threshold (Vref2) of value equal or close to the value of maximum charge of said compensation capacitor (CCOMP), within a time interval sufficiently delayed from the turn-off instant of the power switch (POWER); conditioning, by means of a (SET CC) signal resulting from the logic combination (AND) of the signal originating from said two comparisons (OUTZC, OUTCOMP), in said interval of definite time (MONO1), the enabling upon turning on (FF2, FF1, DRIVER) of the Power switch (POWER).

Abstract translation: 一种防止DC-DC反激转换器的输出的持续短路的影响的方法，其以可变频率自振荡或以不连续的方式以固定频率工作，使用用于存储和传送能量的变压器 具有辅助绕组（AUS），用于在以可变频率自振荡的情况下在初级绕组中的零电流条件下驱动变压器的绕组（N1）的电源开关（POWER）的导通同步 ，其中从在所述辅助绕组（AUS）上的变压器的次级绕组（N2）中流动的电流感应回来的电压被整流和滤波（D2，C2）以在稳定运行状态期间对所述控制电路 控制），当控制电路的电源电压（VDD）达到或超过ap时，电源开关（POWER）的启动在启动或恢复阶段由主控制回路驱动 重新建立控制电路的使能阈值，包括输出误差电压（ERROR AMP）的光电耦合到其连接有补偿电容器（CCOMP）的控制电路（CONTROL）的输入（COMP）的二次控制回路包括 通过将存在于所述辅助绕组（AUS）上的电压（VAUS）与高于所述电压（VAUS）的预定阈值（Vref1）进行比较（COMP1）（COMP1），将所述输出短路状况与所述启动或恢复条件区分开的步骤， 在回扫变压器的次级绕组（N2）的短路状态下在辅助绕组（AUS）上感应，并且将存在于所述补偿电容器（CCOMP）上的电压与值等于或等于的值的第二阈值（Vref2）进行比较 在从功率开关（POWER）的关断瞬间充分延迟的时间间隔内，与所述补偿电容器（CCOMP）的最大充电值相对应; 在所述定时时间间隔（MONO1）中，通过来自所述两个比较（OUTZC，OUTCOMP）的信号的逻辑组合（AND）产生的（SET CC）信号进行调理， ，FF1，DRIVER）。

公开(公告)号：EP1229234A1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-07

申请号：EP01830066.5

申请日：2001-02-01

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Spampinato, Sergio Tommaso ,  Torres, Antonino

IPC: F02D41/20 ,  G05F3/30 ,  H03K5/08

CPC classification number: G05F3/225 ,  F02D41/20 ,  H03K17/0826 ,  H03K2017/0806

Abstract: A thermal control circuit for an integrated power transistor comprises a current generator, controlled by a turn on signal, a sensing resistance in series to the power transistor, a current limiter acting when the voltage drop on the sensing resistance overcomes a certain value, a current amplifier coupled to the output node of the controlled current generator, outputting a drive current that is injected on a control node of the power transistor, and a soft thermal shut down circuit whose conduction state is enhanced as the temperature increases for reducing the drive current.
The circuit controls the voltage on the power transistor in a more effective manner than known devices because the current amplifier has a variable gain controlled by the state of conduction of the soft thermal shut down circuit.
The improvement substantially consists in reducing progressively the gain of the current amplifier as the temperature of the integrated circuit increases, until a thermal equilibrium is reached.

Abstract translation: 用于集成功率晶体管的热控制电路包括由导通信号控制的电流发生器，与功率晶体管串联的感测电阻，当感测电阻上的电压降克服一定值时起作用的限流器，电流 耦合到受控电流发生器的输出节点的放大器，输出被注入到功率晶体管的控制节点上的驱动电流;以及软热关断电路，其导通状态随着温度升高而降低驱动电流。 该电路以比已知的器件更有效的方式控制功率晶体管上的电压，因为电流放大器具有由软热关断电路的导通状态控制的可变增益。 该改进实质上在于随着集成电路的温度升高而逐渐降低电流放大器的增益，直到达到热平衡。

公开(公告)号：EP1028468A1

公开(公告)日：2000-08-16

申请号：EP99830066.9

申请日：1999-02-09

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Torres, Antonino ,  Spampinato, Sergio Tommaso

IPC: H01L27/02 ,  H03K17/0814

CPC classification number: H01L27/0826 ,  H01L21/761

Abstract: An integrated circuit including a vertical power component having a terminal formed by a chip substrate (1) of a first conductivity type, a control circuitry thereof, the control circuitry isolated from the substrate (1) by means of an isolation region (3) of a second conductivity type, and a protection structure against polarity inversion of a substrate potential (SUB). The protection structure comprises a first bipolar transistor (Q33) with an emitter connected to said isolation region and a collector connected to a reference potential input (12) of the integrated circuit, a bias circuit (Q11,R11,R22,R33,R44) for biasing the first bipolar transistor (Q33) in a reverse saturated mode when the substrate potential is higher than the reference potential, and a second bipolar transistor (Q22) with an emitter connected to the substrate and a base coupled to the isolation region for coupling the isolation region to the substrate through a high-impedance when the substrate potential is lower than the reference potential.

Abstract translation: 一种集成电路，包括具有由第一导电类型的芯片基板（1）形成的端子的垂直功率部件及其控制电路，所述控制电路借助于隔离区域（3）与所述基板（1）隔离，所述隔离区域 第二导电类型，以及防止衬底电位（SUB）的极性反转的保护结构。 保护结构包括：第一双极型晶体管（Q33），其发射极连接到所述隔离区域;以及集电极，连接到集成电路的参考电位输入端（12），偏置电路（Q11，R11，R22，R33，R44） 用于当衬底电位高于参考电位时以反向饱和模式偏压第一双极晶体管（Q33），并且将第二双极晶体管（Q22）与发射极连接到衬底和耦合到隔离区的基极耦合 当衬底电位低于参考电位时，通过高阻抗到衬底的隔离区域。

公开(公告)号：EP0993105A1

公开(公告)日：2000-04-12

申请号：EP98830591.8

申请日：1998-10-07

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Lionetto, Antonio ,  Occhipinti, Luigi ,  Spampinato, Sergio Tommaso ,  Caponetto, Riccardo

IPC: H02M3/335

CPC classification number: H02M1/36 ,  H02M3/33523 ,  H02M2001/0032 ,  Y02B70/16

Abstract: A method of controlling a flyback DC-DC converter, self-oscillating at steady state conditions, employing a transformer for storing and transferring energy to a load and having an auxiliary winding whose voltage, induced by the current flowing in the secondary winding of the transformer, is monitored to regulate the amount of energy being transferred by way of a primary control loop disabling and enabling the turning on of a power switch driving the primary winding of the transformer and to detect its the zero-crossing and consequently turn on the power switch for a new conduction and energy storage phase, the duration (T ON ) of which is established by a secondary control loop of the output voltage producing the turning off of the power switch for a new off phase (T OFF ), and comprising a fixed frequency oscillator of a frequency lower than the self-oscillating frequency of the converter for start-up charge transient of an output filter capacitor, wherein the power transferred from the primary circuit to the secondary circuit of the flyback transformer is controlled by introducing a delay on the turn-on instant of the power switch in respect to a turn-on command generated, during a self-oscillating functioning phase upon sensing a zero crossing event and during a fixed frequency functioning phase, upon a rising front of the signal generated by said oscillator, in function of input variables of the enabling-disabling primary control loop and of the secondary control loop, regardless of the mode of control.

Abstract translation: 一种控制反激DC-DC转换器的方法，在稳态条件下自激振荡，采用变压器存储能量并将能量传递给负载，并具有辅助绕组，该辅助绕组的电压由流过变压器次级绕组的电流 被监控以调节通过主控制回路传输的能量的数量，从而禁用并启用驱动变压器的初级绕组的功率开关的导通并检测其过零点并因此导通功率开关 对于新的导通和储能阶段，其持续时间（TON）由输出电压的次级控制回路建立，产生关断新功率开关（TOFF）的功率开关，并且包括固定频率振荡器 的频率低于转换器的自激振荡频率以用于输出滤波电容器的启动充电瞬变，其中从p 回扫变压器的次级电路中的初级电路通过在功率开关的导通时刻相对于产生的导通命令在自激振荡功能阶段期间在感测到过零事件时引入延迟并且 在固定频率功能阶段期间，根据所述振荡器产生的信号的上升沿，根据所述启用禁用主控制回路和所述次级控制回路的输入变量，而不管所述控制模式如何。

公开(公告)号：EP0989662A1

公开(公告)日：2000-03-29

申请号：EP98830554.6

申请日：1998-09-23

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Spampinato, Sergio Tommaso ,  Tagliavia, Donato ,  Torres, Antonino

IPC: H02M3/338

CPC classification number: H02M3/33523 ,  Y02B70/1433

Abstract: A flyback DC-DC converter, autooscillating in a quasi resonant manner (QRC) during steady state operation, employing a flyback transformer for storing and transferring energy to a load having an auxiliary winding (AUS) whose voltage is compared by a comparator (COMP1) with a threshold (VREF1) to detect its crossing and as a consequence switch on through a control flip-flop (FF) a power transistor (POWER) driving the primary winding of said transformer for a new phase of conduction and accumulation of energy, whose duration is established by a secondary control loop of the output voltage (ERROR AMP, CONTROL) producing the switching off of the power transistor for a successive energy transfer phase toward the load of the energy stored in the transformer during the preceding conduction phase, has a wholly integrated control circuit that comprises a second comparator (HVCOMP) of the voltage existing on the current terminal of said power transistor (POWER) connected to the primary winding of the transformer in respect to the ground potential of the circuit; a logic gate (OR) having a first input connected to the output of said second comparator (HVCOMP) and an output coupled to the set terminal of said control flip-flop (FF); a delay network (ON DELAY) coupled in cascade to the output of said first comparator (COMP1) and having an output coupled to a second input of said logic gate (OR), so that under steady state functioning conditions of the converter, the setting of the flip-flop (FF) is done by said second comparator (HVCOMP) rather than by said first comparator (COMP1).

Abstract translation: 反激式DC-DC转换器在稳态运行期间以准谐振方式（QRC）自动振荡，采用回扫变压器，用于存储和传递能量到具有通过比较器（COMP1）比较电压的辅助绕组（AUS）的负载， 具有阈值（VREF1）以检测其交叉，并且因此通过控制触发器（FF）导通驱动所述变压器的初级绕组的功率晶体管（POWER），以实现新的能量传导和积聚阶段 持续时间由输出电压（ERROR AMP，CONTROL）的二级控制回路建立，以产生功率晶体管的关断，用于连续的能量传输阶段朝向在先前传导阶段期间存储在变压器中的能量的负载，具有 全集成控制电路，其包括存在于连接到初级绕组o的所述功率晶体管（POWER）的电流端子上的电压的第二比较器（HVCOMP） f变压器相对于电路的地电位; 具有连接到所述第二比较器（HVCOMP）的输出的第一输入和耦合到所述控制触发器（FF）的所述设置端的输出的逻辑门（OR）; 延迟网络（ON DELAY）级联耦合到所述第一比较器（COMP1）的输出，并具有耦合到所述逻辑门（OR）的第二输入的输出，使得在转换器的稳态运行条件下，设置 的触发器（FF）由所述第二比较器（HVCOMP）而不是由所述第一比较器（COMP1）完成。