Abstract:
An organic vapor phase deposition system is provided. The system may include a main reactor defined by a main reactor wail,, at least two source barrels configured to introduce at least two organic vapors into the main reactor, and a substrate stage positioned in the main reactor and at least one carrier gas injection line configured to distribute a carrier gas along the main reactor wall, which reduces condensation of the organic vapors onto the main reactor wall as the organic vapors flow toward the substrate stage. A method of fabricating an organic film using organic vapor phase deposition is also provided.
Abstract:
The present disclosure generally relates to chromophoric compounds that combine strong absorption of light at visible wavelengths with the ability to undergo symmetry-breaking intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), and their use for the generation of free carriers in organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) and electric-field- stabilized geminate polaron pairs. The present disclosure also relates to the synthesis of such compounds, methods of manufacture, and applications in photovoltaic systems and organic lasers.
Abstract:
Organic electronic devices having an organic film with a desired crystalline order and methods for making such devices is presented. An organic photosensitive device incorporating such organic films includes a first electrode layer and at least one structural templating layer disposed on the first electrode layer. A photoactive region is disposed on the at least one structural templating layer where the photoactive region includes a donor material and an acceptor material, wherein the donor material or the acceptor material is templated by the at least one structural templating layer and thus having an ordered molecular arrangement, and further wherein at least a majority of the molecules of the templated material are in a non-preferential orientation with respect to the first electrode layer. An organic light emitting device incorporating such organic films includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, at least one structural templating layer disposed between the first and second electrodes, and a functional layer disposed over the at least one structural templating layer. The functional layer has its molecules in an ordered molecular arrangement, wherein at least a majority of the molecules of the functional layer are in a non-preferential orientation with respect to the layer immediately below the at least one structural templating layer.
Abstract:
A method of making a bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic cell by glancing angle deposition. As the disclosed method relies on a trajectory of incident vapor flux that is not parallel to the substrate normal, micro and nano-scale columnar structures of thin films can be grown on the substrate. There is also disclosed a method of forming a donor-acceptor heterojunction by depositing at least one additional organic material over the columnar structures.
Abstract:
There is disclosed an organic photovoltaic device comprising two or more organic photoactive regions located between a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein each of the organic photoactive regions comprise a donor, and an acceptor, and wherein the organic photovoltaic device comprises at least one exciton blocking layer, and at least one charge recombination layer, or charge transfer layer between the two or more photoactive regions. It has been discovered that a high open circuit voltage can been obtained for organic tandem solar cells according to this disclosure. Methods of making and methods of using are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A photovoltaic device includes a photoactive region disposed between and electrically connected to two electrodes where the photoactive region includes photoactive polymer- wrapped carbon nanotubes that create excitons upon absorption of light in the range of about 400 nm to 1400 nm.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to organic light emitting devices (OLEDs), and more specifically to OLEDS that emit light using a combination of fluorescent emitters and phosphorescent emitters for the efficient utilization of all of the electrically generated excitons.
Abstract:
An organic photovoltaic cell includes an anode and a cathode, and a plurality of organic semiconductor layers between the anode and the cathode. At least one of the anode and the cathode is transparent. Each two adjacent layers of the plurality of organic semiconductor layers are in direct contact. The plurality of organic semiconductor layers includes an intermediate layer consisting essentially of a photoconductive material, and two sets of at least three layers. A first set of at least three layers is between the intermediate layer and the anode. Each layer of the first set consists essentially of a different organic semiconductor material having a higher LUMO and a higher HOMO, relative to the material of an adjacent layer of the plurality of organic semiconductor layers closer to the cathode. A second set of at least three layers is between the intermediate layer and the cathode. Each layer of the second set consists essentially of a different organic semiconductor material having a lower LUMO and a lower HOMO, relative to the material of an adjacent layer of the plurality of organic semiconductor layers closer to the anode.
Abstract:
A process for assembling a thin-film optoelectronic device is disclosed. The process may include providing a growth structure comprising a wafer having a growing surface, a sacrificial layer, and a device region. The process may further include providing a host substrate and depositing a first metal layer on the device region and depositing a second metal layer on the host substrate. The process may further include bonding the first metal layer to the second metal layer by pressing the first and second metal layers together at a bonding temperature, wherein the bonding temperature is above room temperature and below the lower of a glass transition temperature of the host substrate and a melting temperature of the host substrate.
Abstract:
The present disclosure generally relates to thin film liftoff processes for use in making devices such as electronic and optoelectronic devices, e.g., photovoltaic devices. The methods described herein use a combination of epitaxial liftoff and spalling techniques to quickly and precisely control the separation of an epilayer from a growth substrate. Provided herein are growth structures having a sacrificial layer positioned between a growth substrate and a sacrificial layer. Exemplary methods of the present disclosure include forming at least one notch in the sacrificial layer and spalling the growth structure by crack propagation at the at least one notch to separate the epilayer from the growth substrate.