Abstract:
A polymer electrolyte that simultaneously attains high proton conductivity and low fuel crossover; a member therefrom; and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell of high output and high energy density. In particular, a polymer electrolyte comprising a mixture of proton conductive polymer (A) and polymer (B) different from the proton conductive polymer (A) characterized in that the ratio of antifreeze water quantity in polymer electrolyte, expressed by the following formula (S1), is in the range of 40 to 100% by weight: (Ratio of antifreeze water quantity) = (amt. of antifreeze water)/(amt. of low melting point water + amt. of antifreeze water) x 100 (%) (S1).
Abstract:
An all solid type electrochromic display device (1) comprises first (4) and second (7 )conductive layers and sandwiched between them, at least an electrochromic layer (5) of tungsten oxide and a solid electrolyte layer (6). The tungsten oxide of the electrochromic layer (5) has an absorption spectrum, as measured by FT-IR, which meets the following formulae (A) and (B): wherein 1400, 1800, 2500, and 4000 and 3400 respectively represent the absorbance of 1400cm , 1800cm , 2500cm , 4000cm and 3400cm and A* represents the highest absorbance within a range from 1600cm to 1650cm . The electrochromic display device is produced by vacuum depositing the tungsten oxide electrochromic layer on another layer, introducing oxygen as a reaction gas at pressure of from 2 X 10 to 1 X 10 torr, at deposition rate of from 0.2 to 0.4nm/second and at a substrate surface temperature of from 20 DEG C to 180 DEG C.
Abstract:
An all solid type electrochromic display device (1) comprises first (4) and second (7 )conductive layers and sandwiched between them, at least an electrochromic layer (5) of tungsten oxide and a solid electrolyte layer (6). The tungsten oxide of the electrochromic layer (5) has an absorption spectrum, as measured by FT-IR, which meets the following formulae (A) and (B): wherein 1400, 1800, 2500, and 4000 and 3400 respectively represent the absorbance of 1400cm , 1800cm , 2500cm , 4000cm and 3400cm and A* represents the highest absorbance within a range from 1600cm to 1650cm . The electrochromic display device is produced by vacuum depositing the tungsten oxide electrochromic layer on another layer, introducing oxygen as a reaction gas at pressure of from 2 X 10 to 1 X 10 torr, at deposition rate of from 0.2 to 0.4nm/second and at a substrate surface temperature of from 20 DEG C to 180 DEG C.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an electrode suitable for a chargeable/dischargeable secondary battery in which a carbonaceous material capable of doping and dedoping of lithium ions is used as a negative electrode active material wherein carbon fibers are used as the carbonaceous material in a form of an uni-directionally arranged body or in combination of electrically conductive foil or fibers, and further relates to a secondary battery using the electrode. The invention enables to provide a secondary battery having high capacitance and high outputtng property.
Abstract:
A production method for a film electrode composite element which uses an interface resistance reducing composition that can reduce the resistance at the interface between an electrode and an electrolyte film, at low temperatures and pressures without requiring polymerization while maintaining a fuel crossover limiting effect even in the case of an electrolyte film high in heat resistance, strength and tensile elastic modulus and low in water content. The method comprises pasting at least one electrode to an electrolyte film via an interface resistance reducing composition containing a plasticizer in a film electrode composite element comprising a pair of electrodes having an electrolyte film therebetween, wherein a layer (A) is provided between at least one electrode and the electrolyte film, and a value of the storage elastic modulus C of the electrolyte film is at least 1GPa when the storage elastic modulus of the layer (A) is D.
Abstract:
A novel membrane electrode complex capable of reducing a reaction resistance at 20~ and attaining a high output, and a solid polymer type fuel cell using it. A novel membrane electrode complex comprising at least an electrode catalyst layer, an anode and a cathode each consisting of an electrode base material, and a polymer solid electrolyte membrane held between the anode an d the cathode, wherein the following expression is satisfied when a reaction resistance at 20~ is Rr (.OMEGA. cm2). -2
Abstract:
66623-194 Disclosed is an all solid type electrochromic display device which comprises first and second conductive layers and sandwiched between them, at least, an electrochromic layer of tungsten oxide and a solid electrolyte layer. The tungsten oxide of the electrochromic layer has an absorption spectrum, as measured by FT-IR, which meets the following formulae (A) and (B): (A) (B) wherein A1400, A1800, A2500, A4000 and A3400 respectively represent the absorbance of 1400cm-1, 1800cm-1, 2500cm-1, 4000cm-1 and 3400cm-1 and A* represents the highest absorbance within a range from 1600cm-1 to 1650cm-1. The electrochromic display device is produced by vacuum depositing the tungsten oxide electrochromic layer on another layer, introducing oxygen as a reaction gas at a pressure of from 2 X 10-5 to 1 X 10-3 torr, at a deposition rate of from 0.2 to 0.4 nm/second and at a substrate surface temperature of from 20.degree.C to 180.degree.C.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a polymer electrolyte where high proton conductivity and low fuel crossover are achieved at the same time, as well as a member using the same, and an object thereof is to achieve high output and high energy density in the form of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. A polymer electrolyte where a proton conductive polymer (A) and a polymer (B) that is different from (A) are mixed with each other, characterized in that the ratio of the amount of unfreezable water, represented by formula (S1) in the above described polymer electrolyte, is no less than 40 wt% and no higher than 100 wt % is used, and thereby, the above described object can be achieved. (ratio of amount of unfreezable water) = (amount of unfreezable water) / (amount of low melting point water + amount of unfreezable water) × 100 (%) ... (S1)
Abstract:
It is an object of the present invention to provide a membrane electrode assembly formed by sandwiching an electrolyte membrane between a pair of electrodes, wherein the membrane electrode assembly has a layer (A) having a substantially different phase difference, which is measured by scanning on a tapping mode of a scanning probe microscope, from the electrolyte membrane at least between one electrode and the electrolyte membrane, and the electrolyte membrane and the layer (A) contain aromatic hydrocarbon having an anionic group on the main chain.
Abstract:
It is an object of the present invention to provide a membrane electrode assembly formed by sandwiching an electrolyte membrane between a pair of electrodes, wherein the membrane electrode assembly has a layer (A) having a substantially different phase difference, which is measured by scanning on a tapping mode of a scanning probe microscope, from the electrolyte membrane at least between one electrode and the electrolyte membrane, and the electrolyte membrane and the layer (A) contain aromatic hydrocarbon having an anionic group on the main chain.