公开(公告)号：KR800000891B1

公开(公告)日：1980-08-30

申请号：KR750002061

申请日：1975-09-17

Applicant: TYCO LABORATORIES INC

Inventor： MLAVSKY ABRAHAM I

IPC: H01L31/04

Abstract: Tublar solar cells are provided which can be coupled together in series and parallel arrays to form an integrated structure. Solar energy concentrators are combined with the solar cells to maximize their power output. The solar cells may be cooled by circulating a heat exchange fluid through the interior of the solar cells and the heat captured by such fluid may be utilized. The coolant circulating system of the solar cells also may be integrated with a solar thermal device to form a two-stage heating system, whereby the coolant is preheated as it cools the solar cells.

公开(公告)号：US3414603A

公开(公告)日：1968-12-03

申请号：US44031665

申请日：1965-03-16

Applicant: TYCO LABORATORIES INC

Inventor： MLAVSKY ABRAHAM I

IPC: C07F7/20

CPC classification number: C07F7/20 ,  B01J41/05 ,  C01B33/10784

公开(公告)号：CA974859A

公开(公告)日：1975-09-23

申请号：CA155843

申请日：1972-11-07

Applicant: TYCO LABORATORIES INC

Inventor： LABELLE HAROLD E JR ,  MLAVSKY ABRAHAM I ,  CRONAN CHARLES J

IPC: C30B15/24 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B15/34

Abstract: 1382529 Crystal pulling TYCO LABORATORIES INC 30 Oct 1972 [8 Nov 1971] 49861/72 Heading BIS A "substantially monocrystalline" elongated body twisted along a selected axis is made by pulling a seed from a thin liquid film of material on a horizontal surface which terminates in sharp edges and has an edge configuration conforming to the desired cross-sectional configuration desired and simultaneously rotating the crystalline body about a selected axis whilst supplying material to the surface to maintain the film. The temperature of the film is controlled so that it is hottest near the surface. By "substantially monocrystalline" is meant a crystalline body comprised of a single crystal or two or more crystals growing together longitudinally but separated by a grain boundary of less than about 4‹. The material may be alumina ruby, spinel, beryllia, barium titanate, ythrium aluminium garnet, lithium niobate, lithium fluoride or calcium fluoride. The body may be a round rod with a spiral hole extending lengthwise, a hollow tube with a twist, a helical rod or tube, or a plate of dual axis curvature. Using the apparatus of figures 1 and 3, a monocrystalline tube of rectangular cross-section and having an axial twist is made by mounting a seed crystal 24, in chuck 22 with pulling rod 20 axially aligned with rod 38 of the die assembly shown in Figure 3. The crucible 12 is then filled with an inert gas and the R.F. coil 6 energized to melt the charge. The capillaries 46, fill with melt from melt 27 and the heating is adjusted so that the upper surface 44 of the die is about 10-40‹C higher than the melting point of the seed after which the seed crystal is lowered into contact with surface 44 and held there until connected with the melt in and from the capillaries by a film 48 (Figure 4) of the order of 0.1 mm. thickness. When the film is conected the pulling mechanism 18 is actuated to pull seed 24 upwards from the surface 44 without any rotation until growth is occurring from all points of the film, then the pulling mechanism is rotated. Growth is generally continued until the supply of melt is exhausted. Complex shapes can be produced by combining rotation of the seed crystal with a pulling movement of the type illustrated in Figures 11-13 (not shown), or by reverse rotation of the seed crystal.

公开(公告)号：DE2254616A1

公开(公告)日：1973-05-10

申请号：DE2254616

申请日：1972-11-08

Applicant: TYCO LABORATORIES INC

Inventor： LABELLE JUN HAROLD E ,  MLAVSKY ABRAHAM I ,  CRONAN CHARLES J

IPC: C30B15/24 ,  C30B15/00 ,  C30B15/34 ,  B01D9/02

Abstract: 1382529 Crystal pulling TYCO LABORATORIES INC 30 Oct 1972 [8 Nov 1971] 49861/72 Heading BIS A "substantially monocrystalline" elongated body twisted along a selected axis is made by pulling a seed from a thin liquid film of material on a horizontal surface which terminates in sharp edges and has an edge configuration conforming to the desired cross-sectional configuration desired and simultaneously rotating the crystalline body about a selected axis whilst supplying material to the surface to maintain the film. The temperature of the film is controlled so that it is hottest near the surface. By "substantially monocrystalline" is meant a crystalline body comprised of a single crystal or two or more crystals growing together longitudinally but separated by a grain boundary of less than about 4‹. The material may be alumina ruby, spinel, beryllia, barium titanate, ythrium aluminium garnet, lithium niobate, lithium fluoride or calcium fluoride. The body may be a round rod with a spiral hole extending lengthwise, a hollow tube with a twist, a helical rod or tube, or a plate of dual axis curvature. Using the apparatus of figures 1 and 3, a monocrystalline tube of rectangular cross-section and having an axial twist is made by mounting a seed crystal 24, in chuck 22 with pulling rod 20 axially aligned with rod 38 of the die assembly shown in Figure 3. The crucible 12 is then filled with an inert gas and the R.F. coil 6 energized to melt the charge. The capillaries 46, fill with melt from melt 27 and the heating is adjusted so that the upper surface 44 of the die is about 10-40‹C higher than the melting point of the seed after which the seed crystal is lowered into contact with surface 44 and held there until connected with the melt in and from the capillaries by a film 48 (Figure 4) of the order of 0.1 mm. thickness. When the film is conected the pulling mechanism 18 is actuated to pull seed 24 upwards from the surface 44 without any rotation until growth is occurring from all points of the film, then the pulling mechanism is rotated. Growth is generally continued until the supply of melt is exhausted. Complex shapes can be produced by combining rotation of the seed crystal with a pulling movement of the type illustrated in Figures 11-13 (not shown), or by reverse rotation of the seed crystal.

公开(公告)号：CA976765A

公开(公告)日：1975-10-28

申请号：CA155450

申请日：1972-11-02

Applicant: TYCO LABORATORIES INC

Inventor： MLAVSKY ABRAHAM I

IPC: B22D27/04 ,  B22D21/00 ,  C30B15/34 ,  C30B21/06

Abstract: 1382528 Crystal pulling TYCO LABORATORIES INC 30 Oct 1972 [8 Nov 1971] 49860/72 Heading B1S Polyphase crystalline bodies of substantially uniform morphology are formed from eutectic compositions by directional solidification and by establishing a thin film of a eutectic composition on a substantially flat supporting surface which functions as a die by using the edge configurations of the die to determine the shape of the desired body and controlling the temperature of the film so that it has (1) a steep temperature gradient along its depth with the film being hottest at the surface (2) a substantially uniform temperature along its length and breadth and (3) an average temperature approximately equal to the eutectic temperature of the composition, solidifying and pulling a mass of said composition from the cooler side of the film on a crystalline seed at a selected rate and simultaneously supplying an additional quantity of the composition in liquid form to the surface to replace the liquid consumed in producing the crystalline body. The flat die surface is preferably porous i.e. part of a member consisting of a myriad of interconnected open cells. The eutectic compositions may be Al-Al 3 N, Al- CuAl 2 , Pb-Sn, Cd-Zn, Mg-Mg 17 Al 12 , NiSb-InSb, Cu-Cr alloys, nickel-base super alloys, LiFNaCl, or LiF-CaF 2 . The bodies are made by known techniques (EFC process) using a die surface which carries a film of the liquid to be pulled and fed by capillary passages exiting in the die surface. The shown figure relates to a modification of the standard apparatus wherein the die assembly 14A, consists of a disc 16 holding in a bath 4a porous rod 18A e.g. of alumina sponge, containing many open cells which function as capillaries. The film 32, is formed on flat surface 20 and the body drawn from the film by seed 26. The seed may undergo rotation as it is being withdrawn to give twisted bodies. Example III describes such a product. The bodies in structure are of indefinite length and have a microstructure in which one phase consists of parallel plates or rods disposed in a matrix of another phase in a regular manner.

公开(公告)号：CH600577A5

公开(公告)日：1978-06-15

申请号：CH1289175

申请日：1975-10-03

Applicant: TYCO LABORATORIES INC

Inventor： MLAVSKY ABRAHAM I

IPC: H01L31/042 ,  F24J2/54 ,  F24S23/70 ,  H01L31/00 ,  H01L31/06

Abstract: Tubular solar cells are provided which can be coupled together in series and parallel arrays to form an integrated structure. Solar energy concentrators are combined with the solar cells to maximize their power output. The solar cells may be cooled by circulating a heat exchange fluid through the interior of the solar cells and the heat captured by such fluid may be utilized, for example, to provide hot water for a heating system. The coolant circulating system of the solar cells also may be integrated with a solar thermal device so as to form a two-stage heating system, whereby the coolant is preheated as it cools the solar cells and then is heated further by the solar thermal device.

公开(公告)号：DE2537099A1

公开(公告)日：1976-05-06

申请号：DE2537099

申请日：1975-08-20

Applicant: TYCO LABORATORIES INC

Inventor： MLAVSKY ABRAHAM I

IPC: H01L31/042 ,  F24J2/54 ,  F24S23/70 ,  H01L31/00 ,  H01L31/06

Abstract: Tubular solar cells are provided which can be coupled together in series and parallel arrays to form an integrated structure. Solar energy concentrators are combined with the solar cells to maximize their power output. The solar cells may be cooled by circulating a heat exchange fluid through the interior of the solar cells and the heat captured by such fluid may be utilized, for example, to provide hot water for a heating system. The coolant circulating system of the solar cells also may be integrated with a solar thermal device so as to form a two-stage heating system, whereby the coolant is preheated as it cools the solar cells and then is heated further by the solar thermal device.

公开(公告)号：DE2254615A1

公开(公告)日：1973-05-10

申请号：DE2254615

申请日：1972-11-08

Applicant: TYCO LABORATORIES INC

Inventor： MLAVSKY ABRAHAM I

IPC: B22D27/04 ,  B22D21/00 ,  C30B15/34 ,  C30B21/06 ,  B01D9/00

Abstract: 1382528 Crystal pulling TYCO LABORATORIES INC 30 Oct 1972 [8 Nov 1971] 49860/72 Heading B1S Polyphase crystalline bodies of substantially uniform morphology are formed from eutectic compositions by directional solidification and by establishing a thin film of a eutectic composition on a substantially flat supporting surface which functions as a die by using the edge configurations of the die to determine the shape of the desired body and controlling the temperature of the film so that it has (1) a steep temperature gradient along its depth with the film being hottest at the surface (2) a substantially uniform temperature along its length and breadth and (3) an average temperature approximately equal to the eutectic temperature of the composition, solidifying and pulling a mass of said composition from the cooler side of the film on a crystalline seed at a selected rate and simultaneously supplying an additional quantity of the composition in liquid form to the surface to replace the liquid consumed in producing the crystalline body. The flat die surface is preferably porous i.e. part of a member consisting of a myriad of interconnected open cells. The eutectic compositions may be Al-Al 3 N, Al- CuAl 2 , Pb-Sn, Cd-Zn, Mg-Mg 17 Al 12 , NiSb-InSb, Cu-Cr alloys, nickel-base super alloys, LiFNaCl, or LiF-CaF 2 . The bodies are made by known techniques (EFC process) using a die surface which carries a film of the liquid to be pulled and fed by capillary passages exiting in the die surface. The shown figure relates to a modification of the standard apparatus wherein the die assembly 14A, consists of a disc 16 holding in a bath 4a porous rod 18A e.g. of alumina sponge, containing many open cells which function as capillaries. The film 32, is formed on flat surface 20 and the body drawn from the film by seed 26. The seed may undergo rotation as it is being withdrawn to give twisted bodies. Example III describes such a product. The bodies in structure are of indefinite length and have a microstructure in which one phase consists of parallel plates or rods disposed in a matrix of another phase in a regular manner.

公开(公告)号：US3205101A

公开(公告)日：1965-09-07

申请号：US28756163

申请日：1963-06-13

Applicant: TYCO LABORATORIES INC

Inventor： MLAVSKY ABRAHAM I ,  GRIFFITHS LEONARD B

IPC: C30B13/02 ,  C30B19/02 ,  H01L33/34 ,  H01S5/30 ,  H01S5/32

CPC classification number: H01L33/34 ,  C30B13/02 ,  C30B19/02 ,  C30B29/36 ,  H01S5/30 ,  H01S5/32 ,  Y10S148/107 ,  Y10S148/166 ,  Y10S438/931

公开(公告)号：AU8417475A

公开(公告)日：1977-02-24

申请号：AU8417475

申请日：1975-08-21

Applicant: TYCO LABORATORIES INC

Inventor： MLAVSKY ABRAHAM I

IPC: H01L31/042 ,  F24J2/54 ,  F24S23/70 ,  H01L31/00 ,  H01L31/06 ,  H01L23/02 ,  H01L23/46 ,  H01L25/04

Abstract: Tubular solar cells are provided which can be coupled together in series and parallel arrays to form an integrated structure. Solar energy concentrators are combined with the solar cells to maximize their power output. The solar cells may be cooled by circulating a heat exchange fluid through the interior of the solar cells and the heat captured by such fluid may be utilized, for example, to provide hot water for a heating system. The coolant circulating system of the solar cells also may be integrated with a solar thermal device so as to form a two-stage heating system, whereby the coolant is preheated as it cools the solar cells and then is heated further by the solar thermal device.