公开(公告)号：WO1996029930A1

公开(公告)日：1996-10-03

申请号：PCT/US1996004384

申请日：1996-03-29

Applicant: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

Inventor： WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY ,  DIMAROGONAS, Andrew, D.

IPC: A61B05/05

CPC classification number: A61B5/4509 ,  A61B5/0051 ,  A61B9/00

Abstract: The density of a discrete piece of hard tissue such as a bone in a patient may be determined by either of two methods. In a first method, an impulse of energy is introduced into the tissue, and the resulting vibration in the hard tissue is sensed and analyzed to compute the modal damping factor of the tissue, the modal damping factor being directly related to the density of the tissue. In a second method, a continuous energy input is introduced into the hard tissue. The resulting vibration in the tissue is measured with a mechano-electrical vibration transducer (26) and a modal damping factor is calculated. The electro-mechanical vibration transducer (26) of the preferred embodiment measures the pressure with which the transducer (26) is pressed against the patient's flesh and only produces the continuous energy input when a predetermined pressure is achieved which is sufficient to prevent any significant vibration of the flesh surrounding the bone.

Abstract translation: 诸如患者体内的骨骼的分散的硬组织的密度可以通过两种方法中的任一种来确定。 在第一种方法中，将能量脉冲引入到组织中，并且感测和分析硬组织中产生的振动以计算组织的模态阻尼因子，模态阻尼因子与组织的密度直接相关 。 在第二种方法中，将连续的能量输入引入硬组织。 用机械电振动传感器（26）测量组织中产生的振动，并计算模态阻尼系数。 优选实施例的机电振动换能器（26）测量换能器（26）被压靠在患者肉上的压力，并且仅在达到预定压力时才产生连续能量输入，这足以防止任何明显的振动 的骨头周围的肉体。

公开(公告)号：WO1996041158A1

公开(公告)日：1996-12-19

申请号：PCT/US1996008236

申请日：1996-05-31

Applicant: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

Inventor： WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY ,  DIMAROGONAS, Andrew, D.

IPC: G01N29/04

CPC classification number: G01H1/16 ,  G01N3/30 ,  G01N3/32 ,  G01N29/045 ,  G01N29/11 ,  G01N29/12 ,  G01N2203/0055 ,  G01N2203/0073 ,  G01N2203/0688 ,  G01N2291/0235 ,  G01N2291/0258 ,  G01N2291/02827 ,  G01N2291/101 ,  G01N2291/267

Abstract: The integrity of structures may be determined by either one of two methods. In a first method, an impulse of energy is introduced into the structure (20), such as by striking the structure (20), and the induced vibration is measured and the modal damping factor is calculated, the modal damping factor being directly related to the integrity of the structure (20). In a second method, a continous energy input is provided to the structure (20) for inducing a continous vibration in the structure (20). This continous vibration is measured with a transducer (28) and a modal damping factor is calculated with a computer (32). The computer uses an algorithm to estimate the modal damping factor of the structure by calculating a theoretical response of an idealized system from several assumed parameters and varying those parameters.

Abstract translation: 结构的完整性可以通过两种方法之一来确定。 在第一种方法中，例如通过撞击结构（20）将结构（20）中的能量脉冲引入到结构（20）中，并测量感应振动并计算模态阻尼系数，模态阻尼因子与 结构的完整性（20）。 在第二种方法中，向结构（20）提供连续能量输入，用于在结构（20）中引起连续的振动。 用一个换能器（28）测量该连续振动，并用计算机（32）计算模态阻尼系数。 计算机使用一种算法来估计结构的模态阻尼因子，通过从几个假定的参数和改变这些参数计算理想系统的理论响应。

公开(公告)号：WO1994020826A1

公开(公告)日：1994-09-15

申请号：PCT/US1994002172

申请日：1994-03-01

Applicant: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

Inventor： WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY ,  DIMAROGONAS, Andrew, D.

IPC: G01H01/00

CPC classification number: G01N3/30 ,  G01H1/16 ,  G01N3/32 ,  G01N29/045 ,  G01N29/11 ,  G01N29/12 ,  G01N2203/0055 ,  G01N2203/0073 ,  G01N2203/0688 ,  G01N2291/0235 ,  G01N2291/0258 ,  G01N2291/02827 ,  G01N2291/101 ,  G01N2291/267

Abstract: The fatigue integrity of metallic materials may be determined be either one of two methods. In a first method, an impulse of energy is introduced into the metallic material, such as by striking the metallic material (20), and the induced vibration is sensed and analyzed in order to compute the damping factor thereof, the damping factor being directly related to the fatigue thereof. With this method, a transducer (28) is coupled to the metallic material and its output is amplified by an amplifier (30) before being input to a computer (32) which determines the damping factor. In a second method, a continuous energy input is provided to the metallic material, such as by utilizing a frequency generator coupled to a power amplifier whose output drives a transducer such as a speaker or the like for inducing a continuous vibration in the metallic material. This continuous vibration is measured with a transducer, an amplifier, and a damping factor calculated with a computer as in the first method.

Abstract translation: 金属材料的疲劳完整性可以通过两种方法之一来确定。 在第一种方法中，例如通过撞击金属材料（20）将金属材料中的能量脉冲引入金属材料中，感测和分析感应振动以计算其阻尼因子，阻尼因子直接相关 对其疲劳。 利用这种方法，传感器（28）耦合到金属材料，并且其输出在被输入到确定阻尼因子的计算机（32）之前由放大器（30）放大。 在第二种方法中，例如通过利用耦合到功率放大器的频率发生器提供连续的能量输入，该功率放大器的输出驱动诸如扬声器等的换能器，以引起金属材料中的连续振动。 用第一种方法用计算机计算的换能器，放大器和阻尼因子测量该连续振动。

公开(公告)号：WO1994020024A1

公开(公告)日：1994-09-15

申请号：PCT/US1994002173

申请日：1994-03-01

Applicant: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

Inventor： WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY ,  DIMAROGONAS, Andrew, D.

IPC: A61B08/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/4509 ,  A61B5/0051 ,  A61B9/00

Abstract: The integrity (density) of discrete pieces of hard tissue (bones) in a patient may be determined by either one of two methods. In a first method, an impulse of energy is introduced into the bone, such as by striking the patient's bone, and the induced vibration is sensed and analyzed in order to compute the damping factor thereof, the damping factor being directly related to the density thereof. With this method, a transducer (26) is coupled to the bone (24) and its output is amplified by an amplifier (28) before input to a computer (30) which determines the damping factor. In a second method, a continuous energy input is provided to the bone, such as by utilizing a frequency generator (36) coupled to a power amplifier (38) whose output drives a transducer (40) such as a speaker for inducing a continuous vibration in the bone. This continuous vibration is measured with a transducer (26), an amplifier (28), and a damping factor calculated with a computer (30) as in the first method.

Abstract translation: 可以通过两种方法之一来确定患者中不连续的硬组织块（骨骼）的完整性（密度）。 在第一种方法中，例如通过打击患者的骨骼将能量的冲动引入骨骼，并且感测和分析感应的振动以计算其阻尼因子，阻尼因子与其密度直接相关 。 利用这种方法，换能器（26）耦合到骨骼（24），并且其输出在输入到确定阻尼因子的计算机（30）之前被放大器（28）放大。 在第二种方法中，例如通过利用耦合到功率放大器（38）的频率发生器（36）将连续的能量输入提供给骨骼，功率放大器（38）的输出驱动诸如扬声器的换能器（40），用于引起连续振动 在骨头里 如第一种方法那样，使用换能器（26），放大器（28）和用计算机（30）计算的阻尼因子来测量该连续振动。

公开(公告)号：EP0704050A1

公开(公告)日：1996-04-03

申请号：EP94909835.0

申请日：1994-03-01

Applicant: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

Inventor： DIMAROGONAS, Andrew, D.

IPC: G01H1 ,  G01H13 ,  G01M7 ,  G01N3 ,  G01N29

CPC classification number: G01N3/30 ,  G01H1/16 ,  G01N3/32 ,  G01N29/045 ,  G01N29/11 ,  G01N29/12 ,  G01N2203/0055 ,  G01N2203/0073 ,  G01N2203/0688 ,  G01N2291/0235 ,  G01N2291/0258 ,  G01N2291/02827 ,  G01N2291/101 ,  G01N2291/267

Abstract: The fatigue integrity of metallic materials may be determined be either one of two methods. In a first method, an impulse of energy is introduced into the metallic material, such as by striking the metallic material (20), and the induced vibration is sensed and analyzed in order to compute the damping factor thereof, the damping factor being directly related to the fatigue thereof. With this method, a transducer (28) is coupled to the metallic material and its output is amplified by an amplifier (30) before being input to a computer (32) which determines the damping factor. In a second method, a continuous energy input is provided to the metallic material, such as by utilizing a frequency generator coupled to a power amplifier whose output drives a transducer such as a speaker or the like for inducing a continuous vibration in the metallic material. This continuous vibration is measured with a transducer, an amplifier, and a damping factor calculated with a computer as in the first method.

公开(公告)号：EP0687163B1

公开(公告)日：2000-08-16

申请号：EP94909836.2

申请日：1994-03-01

Applicant: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

Inventor： DIMAROGONAS, Andrew, D.

IPC: A61B5/103

CPC classification number: A61B5/4509 ,  A61B5/0051 ,  A61B9/00

Abstract: The integrity (density) of discrete pieces of hard tissue (bones) in a patient may be determined by either one of two methods. In a first method, an impulse of energy is introduced into the bone, such as by striking the patient's bone, and the induced vibration is sensed and analyzed in order to compute the damping factor thereof, the damping factor being directly related to the density thereof. With this method, a transducer (26) is coupled to the bone (24) and its output is amplified by an amplifier (28) before input to a computer (30) which determines the damping factor. In a second method, a continuous energy input is provided to the bone, such as by utilizing a frequency generator (36) coupled to a power amplifier (38) whose output drives a transducer (40) such as a speaker for inducing a continuous vibration in the bone. This continuous vibration is measured with a transducer (26), an amplifier (28), and a damping factor calculated with a computer (30) as in the first method.

公开(公告)号：EP0687163A1

公开(公告)日：1995-12-20

申请号：EP94909836.0

申请日：1994-03-01

Applicant: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

Inventor： DIMAROGONAS, Andrew, D.

IPC: G01N29 ,  A61B5 ,  A61B8 ,  A61B9

CPC classification number: A61B5/4509 ,  A61B5/0051 ,  A61B9/00

Abstract: The integrity (density) of discrete pieces of hard tissue (bones) in a patient may be determined by either one of two methods. In a first method, an impulse of energy is introduced into the bone, such as by striking the patient's bone, and the induced vibration is sensed and analyzed in order to compute the damping factor thereof, the damping factor being directly related to the density thereof. With this method, a transducer (26) is coupled to the bone (24) and its output is amplified by an amplifier (28) before input to a computer (30) which determines the damping factor. In a second method, a continuous energy input is provided to the bone, such as by utilizing a frequency generator (36) coupled to a power amplifier (38) whose output drives a transducer (40) such as a speaker for inducing a continuous vibration in the bone. This continuous vibration is measured with a transducer (26), an amplifier (28), and a damping factor calculated with a computer (30) as in the first method.

公开(公告)号：EP0704050B1

公开(公告)日：1998-08-26

申请号：EP94909835.4

申请日：1994-03-01

Applicant: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

Inventor： DIMAROGONAS, Andrew, D.

IPC: G01H1/00 ,  G01H9/00 ,  G01H13/00 ,  G01D7/00 ,  G01N7/00 ,  G01N3/32 ,  G01N21/00 ,  G01N24/00 ,  G01N29/00 ,  G01N29/04 ,  G01N29/12 ,  G01M7/00

CPC classification number: G01N3/30 ,  G01H1/16 ,  G01N3/32 ,  G01N29/045 ,  G01N29/11 ,  G01N29/12 ,  G01N2203/0055 ,  G01N2203/0073 ,  G01N2203/0688 ,  G01N2291/0235 ,  G01N2291/0258 ,  G01N2291/02827 ,  G01N2291/101 ,  G01N2291/267

Abstract: The fatigue integrity of metallic materials may be determined be either one of two methods. In a first method, an impulse of energy is introduced into the metallic material, such as by striking the metallic material (20), and the induced vibration is sensed and analyzed in order to compute the damping factor thereof, the damping factor being directly related to the fatigue thereof. With this method, a transducer (28) is coupled to the metallic material and its output is amplified by an amplifier (30) before being input to a computer (32) which determines the damping factor. In a second method, a continuous energy input is provided to the metallic material, such as by utilizing a frequency generator coupled to a power amplifier whose output drives a transducer such as a speaker or the like for inducing a continuous vibration in the metallic material. This continuous vibration is measured with a transducer, an amplifier, and a damping factor calculated with a computer as in the first method.

公开(公告)号：EP0832429A1

公开(公告)日：1998-04-01

申请号：EP96921246.0

申请日：1996-05-31

Applicant: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

Inventor： DIMAROGONAS, Andrew, D.

IPC: G01N29 ,  G01H1 ,  G01H13 ,  G01M7 ,  G01N3

CPC classification number: G01H1/16 ,  G01N3/30 ,  G01N3/32 ,  G01N29/045 ,  G01N29/11 ,  G01N29/12 ,  G01N2203/0055 ,  G01N2203/0073 ,  G01N2203/0688 ,  G01N2291/0235 ,  G01N2291/0258 ,  G01N2291/02827 ,  G01N2291/101 ,  G01N2291/267

Abstract: The integrity of structures may be determined by either one of two methods. In a first method, an impulse of energy is introduced into the structure (20), such as by striking the structure (20), and the induced vibration is measured and the modal damping factor is calculated, the modal damping factor being directly related to the integrity of the structure (20). In a second method, a continous energy input is provided to the structure (20) for inducing a continous vibration in the structure (20). This continous vibration is measured with a transducer (28) and a modal damping factor is calculated with a computer (32). The computer uses an algorithm to estimate the modal damping factor of the structure by calculating a theoretical response of an idealized system from several assumed parameters and varying those parameters.

公开(公告)号：EP0817591A1

公开(公告)日：1998-01-14

申请号：EP96911499.0

申请日：1996-03-29

Applicant: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

Inventor： DIMAROGONAS, Andrew, D.

IPC: G01N29 ,  A61B5 ,  A61B8 ,  A61B9

CPC classification number: A61B5/4509 ,  A61B5/0051 ,  A61B9/00

Abstract: The density of a discrete piece of hard tissue such as a bone in a patient may be determined by either of two methods. In a first method, an impulse of energy is introduced into the tissue, and the resulting vibration in the hard tissue is sensed and analyzed to compute the modal damping factor of the tissue, the modal damping factor being directly related to the density of the tissue. In a second method, a continuous energy input is introduced into the hard tissue. The resulting vibration in the tissue is measured with a mechano-electrical vibration transducer (26) and a modal damping factor is calculated. The electro-mechanical vibration transducer (26) of the preferred embodiment measures the pressure with which the transducer (26) is pressed against the patient's flesh and only produces the continuous energy input when a predetermined pressure is achieved which is sufficient to prevent any significant vibration of the flesh surrounding the bone.