Abstract:
An ozone replenishment system including a housing assembly, an electrolysis assembly, a power assembly, and an ozone assembly is disclosed herein. The housing assembly includes a hollow tower. The power assembly includes a battery. The electrolysis assembly includes a reservoir filled with an electrolyte. The electrolysis assembly also includes an anode electrode a cathode electrode disposed into the reservoir. The anode electrode and the cathode electrode are connected to the battery. The electrolysis assembly produces oxygen and dihydrogen. The oxygen is captured by the hollow tower. The ozone assembly includes a fan that allows the oxygen to cross the hollow tower. The ozone assembly further includes a plurality of ultraviolet lights to convert the oxygen into ozone. The ozone is replenishment into the atmosphere.
Abstract:
A method for controlling the gas recycle loop of an ozone bleaching process wherein an ozone generator produces an ozone containing gas from an oxygen containing feed gas and delivers the ozone containing gas to an ozone reactor at a variable flow rate responsive to reactor ozone demand. Pulp is bleached with the ozone containing gas, thereby producing an exhaust gas having a flow rate that varies in response to the flow rate of the ozone containing gas delivered to the ozone reactor. The exhaust gas is then recovered and its flow rate is modified within the recycle loop so that an amount equivalent to reactor ozone demand is returned to the ozone generators. The oxygen content of the oxygen containing feed gas is monitored at or near the inlet of the ozone generator and an amount of fresh oxygen is supplied to the oxygen containing feed gas to obtain a predetermined level of oxygen therein. Additionally, an amount of exhaust gas may be purged at a rate substantially equivalent to the rate fresh oxygen is supplied. However, the pressure at the ozone generator is also monitored and the purge rate is adjusted in order to maintain constant pressure at the ozone generator.
Abstract:
A method for controlling the gas recycle loop of an ozone bleaching process wherein an ozone generator (18) produces an ozone containing gas from an oxygen containing feed gas (74) and delivers the ozone containing feed gas to an ozone reactor (22) at a variable flow rate responsive to reactor demand. Pulp (20) is bleached with the ozone containing gas, thereby producing an exhaust gas (38) having a flow rate that varies in response to the flow rate of the ozone gas delivered to the ozone reactor. The exhaust gas (38) is then recovered and its flow rate is modified within the recycle loop so that an amount equivalent to reactor ozone demand is returned to the ozone generator. The oxygen content of the oxygen containing feed gas is monitored at or near the inlet of the ozone generator and an amount of fresh oxygen is supplied to the oxygen containing feed gas (74) to obtain a predetermined level of oxygen therein.
Abstract:
A method for controlling the gas recycle loop of an ozone bleaching process wherein an ozone generator (18) produces an ozone containing gas from an oxygen containing feed gas (74) and delivers the ozone containing feed gas to an ozone reactor (22) at a variable flow rate responsive to reactor demand. Pulp (20) is bleached with the ozone containing gas, thereby producing an exhaust gas (38) having a flow rate that varies in response to the flow rate of the ozone gas delivered to the ozone reactor. The exhaust gas (38) is then recovered and its flow rate is modified within the recycle loop so that an amount equivalent to reactor ozone demand is returned to the ozone generator. The oxygen content of the oxygen containing feed gas is monitored at or near the inlet of the ozone generator and an amount of fresh oxygen is supplied to the oxygen containing feed gas (74) to obtain a predetermined level of oxygen therein.
Abstract:
A method for producing ozone is disclosed. The ozone is separated by an adsorbent separation system from a mixture of oxygen and ozone. The adsorbent separation system operates by adsorbing ozone at higher pressures, then desorbing the ozone at normal pressures. Increased ozone concentrations result from these steps while the oxygen component can be recovered and used in producing the mixture of oxygen and ozone.
Abstract:
A recirculating loop method for producing and/or using ozone is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: supplying a gas mixture comprising oxygen and a catalyst, generating ozone from the gas mixture, and recirculating the gas mixture. In a preferred method, the method comprises the additional steps of: reacting the ozone with a chemically reactive species and adding sufficient oxygen to the oxygen and noble gas mixture to maintain the specific oxygen to noble gas ratio. Preferably, the ozone is generated by electrical discharge from oxygen and noble gas mixtures of a volume ratio of not greater than 9 to 1 oxygen to catalyst gas. The closed loop apparatus for generating ozone gas comprises: an electrical discharge chamber, a means for supplying oxygen to said electrical discharge chamber, a means for supplying a catalyst to said electrical discharge chamber, an application chamber connected to said electrical chamber, a means for supplying a chemically reactive species to said application chamber, a means for removing said chemically reactive species from said application chamber, a means for returning oxygen and the catalyst to said electrical discharge chamber.
Abstract:
A continuous ozone generation and recovery system is provided including a source of oxygen-rich gas; at least one high-throughput corona generator; means for passing the oxygen-rich gas through an electrical corona at a high ratio of gas volume:electrode area to synthesize ozone in a concentration not greater than 1 wt% in the gas stream; means for cooling the generator and maintaining the ozone-containing oxygen stream below decomposition temperature; means for cooling the ozone-containing oxygen gas stream; means for contacting the cooled gas stream with silica gel to adsorb the ozone and recover an oxygen-rich gas stream; means for recycling the recovered oxygen-rich gas stream for ozone synthesis; and means for recovering the adsorbed ozone from the silica gel.Recycle of unconverted oxygen has strong economic value. Dry nitrogen-rich gas stream from an air separation unit which also provides the oxygen source may be used advantageously as an inert carrier gas for desorbing the ozone.
Abstract:
A recirculating loop method for producing and/or using ozone is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: supplying a gas mixture comprising oxygen and a catalyst, generating ozone from the gas mixture, and recirculating the gas mixture. In a preferred method, the method comprises the additional steps of: reacting the ozone with a chemically reactive species and adding sufficient oxygen to the oxygen and noble gas mixture to maintain the specific oxygen to noble gas ratio. Preferably, the ozone is generated by electrical discharge from oxygen and noble gas mixtures of a volume ratio of not greater than 9 to 1 oxygen to catalyst gas. The closed loop apparatus for generating ozone gas comprises: an electrical discharge chamber (20), a means (12) for supplying oxygen to said electrical discharge (20), a means (11) for supplying a catalyst to said electrical discharge (20), an application chamber (70) connected to said electrical chamber (20), a means (70) for supplying a chemically reactive species to said application chamber (70), a means (50) for removing said chemically reactive species from said application chamber (70), and a means (50) for returning oxygen and the catalyst to said electrical discharge chamber (20).
Abstract:
A method for controlling the gas recycle loop of an ozone bleaching process wherein an ozone generator (18) produces an ozone containing gas from an oxygen containing feed gas (74) and delivers the ozone containing feed gas to an ozone reactor (22) at a variable flow rate responsive to reactor demand. Pulp (20) is bleached with the ozone containing gas, thereby producing an exhaust gas (38) having a flow rate that varies in response to the flow rate of the ozone gas delivered to the ozone reactor. The exhaust gas (38) is then recovered and its flow rate is modified within the recycle loop so that an amount equivalent to reactor ozone demand is returned to the ozone generator. The oxygen content of the oxygen containing feed gas is monitored at or near the inlet of the ozone generator and an amount of fresh oxygen is supplied to the oxygen containing feed gas (74) to obtain a predetermined level of oxygen therein.