Abstract:
An optical pyrometer for use with jet engines is characterized by the use of three spectral areas or bands in a temperature computation. A target temperature is optically distinguished from background radiation by dividing a received optical beam into three spectral components which are comprised of emitted and reflected radiation. A controller computes the measured power in each band as a function of the emitted power by the target and a ratio of reflected power in adjacent bands to yield signals of reflection corrected radiation. These are used with the reflected power ratios to determine values of temperature in adjacent bands. The difference between these computed temperatures is iteratively adjusted until the difference therebetween is approximately equal to a preselected value.
Abstract:
An apparatus 100 for measuring thermal radiation in one mode of the present invention is used for detecting thermal radiation of an object 12 to be measured. The apparatus 100 is provided with: a sample cell 10 which includes the object 12 to be measured which is a liquid or an object containing liquid, and a housing part which houses the object 12 to be measured and includes one wall formed of a base 16 transmitting a wavelength of the thermal radiation; a first lens 20 formed by partially cutting a sphere so that a cross section forms a plane, wherein the sample cell 10 is arranged so that, when the base 16 is in close contact with the plane of the first lens 20, focus of a second lens is placed on at least a part of the object 12 to be measured, for example, located on the base 16, the second lens including the first lens 20 and the base 16 and used for detecting the thermal radiation through the first lens 20; a position controller 60 which controls one of the object 12 to be measured and the first lens 20 so as to be able to abut on and separate from the other in an optical axis direction; a vibrational controller 40 which allows one of the object to be measured and the first lens to vibrate with respect to the other and controls a frequency of the vibration; and a detector 70 which detects the thermal radiation through the first lens 20.
Abstract:
A method is disclosed for continuously measuring the temperature of a semiconductor substrate in a chamber is disclosed. The first step of the method involves providing a substantially clean semiconductor substrate having a layer a reflective surface thereon into a chamber. A film is formed superjacent the surface by introducing a gas comprising at least one of N.sub.2, NH.sub.3, O.sub.2, N.sub.2 O, Ar, Ar--H.sub.2, H.sub.2, GeH.sub.4, or any fluorine based gas and photon energy in situ. The photon energy, having a wavelength substantially in the absorption band of silicon, generates a temperature substantially within the range of 500.degree. C. to 1250.degree. C. Subsequently, the reflectivity of the surface is measured prior to introducing the gas, and continuously, while forming the film until the film is substantially formed. The substrate is exposed to photon energy having a power level responsive to the measured reflectivities of the film.
Abstract:
An apparatus 100 for measuring thermal radiation in one mode of the present invention is used for detecting thermal radiation of an object 12 to be measured. The apparatus 100 is provided with: a sample cell 10 which includes the object 12 to be measured which is a liquid or an object containing liquid, and a housing part which houses the object 12 to be measured and includes one wall formed of a base 16 transmitting a wavelength of the thermal radiation; a first lens 20 formed by partially cutting a sphere so that a cross section forms a plane, wherein the sample cell 10 is arranged so that, when the base 16 is in close contact with the plane of the first lens 20, focus of a second lens is placed on at least a part of the object 12 to be measured, for example, located on the base 16, the second lens including the first lens 20 and the base 16 and used for detecting the thermal radiation through the first lens 20; a position controller 60 which controls one of the object 12 to be measured and the first lens 20 so as to be able to abut on and separate from the other in an optical axis direction; a vibrational controller 40 which allows one of the object to be measured and the first lens to vibrate with respect to the other and controls a frequency of the vibration; and a detector 70 which detects the thermal radiation through the first lens 20.
Abstract:
A reflection corrected radiosity optical pyrometer includes an optical guide for receiving a target optical beam from a turbine blade in a jet engine. The target optical beam is provided to a detector module that divides the target optical beam into two beams, one having a spectral width selected to be less than the target optical beam spectral width. A signal processor receives signals from the detector module indicative of the energy of the two beams, calculates a reflection corrected energy signal directly therefrom and provides a correct target temperature signal.