Abstract:
Optical devices extending the free spectral range and tunability of, and enabling hitless switching of, integrated optical filters suitable for add-drop filters. Devices include (i) a splitter device configured to split an input spectrum among a plurality of output ports, and a combiner device configured to combine at least a portion of the split input spectrum into a single output port, splitter and combiner having respective first and second input and output ports, and a respective transfer matrix, the matrix of the combiner being the diagonal transpose of that of the splitter; (ii) a first optical path coupling the first output port of the splitter and the first input port of the combiner; (iii) a second optical path coupling the second output port of the splitter and the second input port of the combiner, wherein the first and second optical paths are configured to introduce, at least at a wavelength of the input spectrum, a relative phase shift of p radians; and (iv) an optical filter coupled to at least one of the first and second optical paths.
Abstract:
A reverse (Alpha) (Beta) optical switch employs spatial tapering of the distance (D (2)) between a pair of optical waveguides (10, 11) for efficient straight-through transmission. Appropriate choice of effective coupling strengths for the TE and TM polarization modes achieves efficient crossover transmission. A split electrode configuration (13, 14, 15) permits the application of uniform electric fields (V1=V2) or reversed electric fields (V1=-V2) across the waveguides.
Abstract:
A resonant optical modulator includes an electro-optical substrate, an optical waveguide formed in the substrate and having a variable index of refraction, and an active modulator electrode formed on the substrate in relation to the waveguide to effect electro-optical variation of the index of refraction upon application to the electrode of a modulating signal. An interface port formed on the substrate provides the modulating signal to the electrode from a signal source and has an impedance. An electrical structure, formed on the substrate and coupled to the interface port and the electrode, makes an impedance of the optical modulator substantially equal to the impedance of the signal source. The electrical structure includes a delay line and a stub formed on the substrate.
Abstract:
A resonant optical modulator includes an electro-optical substrate, an optical waveguide formed in the substrate and having a variable index of refraction, and an active modulator electrode formed on the substrate in relation to the waveguide to effect electro-optical variation of the index of refraction upon application to the electrode of a modulating signal. An interface port formed on the substrate provides the modulating signal to the electrode from a signal source and has an impedance. An electrical structure, formed on the substrate and coupled to the interface port and the electrode, makes an impedance of the optical modulator substantially equal to the impedance of the signal source. The electrical structure includes a delay line and a stub formed on the substrate.
Abstract:
A directional coupler type optical function element with a high extinction ratio, in which a junction of a 2-input/2-output directional coupler or 1-input/2-output directional coupler, formed of a semiconductor or dielectric, is formed by successively optically connecting, from the input side to the output side, a front-stage partial junction, front-stage partial junction with electrode, central partial junction, rear-stage partial junction with electrode, and rear-stage partial junction, each having a predetermined length. The connection state at the front-stage partial junction and an incidence-side lead section optically connected thereto and the connection state at the rear-stage partial junction and an emergence-side lead section optically connected thereto cancel each other, thereby equivalently providing a symmetrical connection state and preventing the extinction ratio for a cross mode from lowering. Moreover, by forming the central partial junction with a proper length, the extinction ratio for a through mode can be kept high enough. Thus, high extinction ratio characteristics can be enjoyed for both of the cross and through modes.
Abstract:
An integrated semiconductor device including a directional optoelectronic coupler, which coupler comprises two parallel single-mode rectilinear optical waveguides over a total length D, separated by a small distance d, which coupler also comprises four electrodes of the same conductivity type, two on each waveguide, and at least one other electrode of the opposite conductivity type, characterized in that the coupler has an operation which is independent of the transverse electrical and transverse magnetic radiation components, TE and TM, respectively, present in random proportions in the incoming signal, under the condition in which the structural parameters of the coupler render it possible to ensure that the following relations are true: ##EQU1## In which relations: Z is the dimension of each electrode on the waveguides,.phi.TM and .phi.TE are the phase mismatches provoked by the refractive-index changes in the waveguides under the influence of an electric field,L.sub.CTE and L.sub.CTM are the coupling lengths for TE and TM, respectively,m, n, p are random integer numbers,.epsilon.=.+-.1.
Abstract translation:一种包括定向光电耦合器的集成半导体器件,该耦合器包括在总长度D上的两个平行的单模直线光波导,其间隔了小的距离d,该耦合器还包括四个相同导电类型的电极,每个波导上两个 以及至少另一个具有相反导电类型的其它电极,其特征在于,耦合器具有独立于在输入信号中以随机比例存在的横向电和横向磁辐射分量TE和TM的操作, 耦合器的结构参数使得可以确保以下关系为真的条件:Z = D / 2(a)phi TE x LCTE = phi TM x LCTM(b)LCTM / LCTE =(1-m (d)在其中的关系:Z是波导上每个电极的尺寸,phi TM和phi TE是由折射率c引起的相位不匹配 在电场影响的波导中悬挂,LCTE和LCTM分别是TE和TM的耦合长度,m,n,p是随机整数,ε= + / - 1。
Abstract:
An optical waveguide having a core region with a substantially rectangular cross-section with a selected aspect ratio of width to height. Embodiments include devices incorporating the optical waveguide and methods for using the optical waveguide.
Abstract:
An optical waveguide having a core region with a substantially rectangular cross-section with a selected aspect ratio of width to height. Embodiments include devices incorporating the optical waveguide and methods for using the optical waveguide.
Abstract:
An optical directional coupler with amplification having first, second and third waveguides respectively intended for incoming light for bar coupling of light from the first waveguide and for cross coupling of light from the first waveguide. The waveguides are transparent to the wave length of the incoming light and have a characteristic refractive index in the coupling area. The coupler also includes waveguide sections constituting coupling elements for the first, second and third waveguides as well as electrodes. An arrangement is provided for achieving optical amplification of light passing through the first and the second waveguide in the bar coupling state of the directional coupler and amplification of the light passing through the first and the third waveguides in the cross coupling state of the directional coupler by feeding a current to the electrodes according to which coupling state is desired.
Abstract:
A controllable integrated optical component comprises a substrate having electro-optical properties into which optical waveguides are introduced and given which metallizations in the form of a plurality of electrodes which are chargeable with electrical voltages are applied on or next to the optical waveguide. This, a coplanar microwave line is exposed next to the optical waveguides, whereby respectively one electrode is electrically connected to respectively one strip of the microwave line and should also enable a reproducible microwave mode even for microwave frequencies that are as high as possible. The electrodes are disposed between the strips of the microwave line. When the connecting lines between the electrodes and the strips of the microwave line are strip lines, the integrated optical component can be manufactured in planar technology. Fabrication is thereby significantly simplified.