公开(公告)号：CN101689408A

公开(公告)日：2010-03-31

申请号：CN200880010613.6

申请日：2008-04-04

Applicant: 加利福尼亚大学董事会

Inventor： 吉尔·特拉维施 ,  罗德尼·B·约德 ,  詹姆斯·罗森茨韦格

IPC: G21K1/06

CPC classification number: H01J35/14 ,  A61N2005/1088 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/164 ,  H05G2/00 ,  H05H15/00

Abstract: 本发明提供一种谐振激光动力的微型加速器平台，它能够产生相对论性或近相对论性电子和任何的X-射线。该装置具有被优选呈锥形的窄真空间隙隔开的一对平行的板对称的介电板。在一个实施例中，这些板具有包括许多周期槽的反射层的顶面，当激光被导向反射体上时，周期槽在结构场中产生纵向周期。导入间隙内的电子沿着板的长度被加速。板的反射面优选为高折射率和低折射率材料的交替叠层。

公开(公告)号：CN1596140A

公开(公告)日：2005-03-16

申请号：CN02812131.7

申请日：2002-06-19

Applicant: 光电子公司

Inventor： 马克·丁斯莫尔

IPC: A61N5/10

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  A61N2005/1022 ,  G21K1/06 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: 一种小型光驱动治疗辐射源(100)包括激光加热热电子阴极(122)。光纤电缆(113)将来自光源(104)的光束导向照射热电子阴极(122)的表面，将表面加热到足以导致电子热电子发射的温度。靶元件(128)响应来自电子束的入射的加速的电子来发射治疗辐射，例如x射线。在一个实施例中，电子源(122)和靶元件(128)布置在膜盒(130)内，该膜盒限定了基本上真空区域。膜盒的内表面涂有半导体涂层，因此，在真空膜盒内保持均匀的电压梯度。在另一个实施例中，热电子阴极(300)由螺旋形导电元件(310)形成，该导电元件具有若干个分隔开的圈。在相邻圈之间的间隙空间实质上消除了横贯该空间的传热。

公开(公告)号：WO2003080180A1

公开(公告)日：2003-10-02

申请号：PCT/US2003/008543

申请日：2003-03-20

Applicant: JAAFAR, Ali

Inventor： JAAFAR, Ali

IPC: A61N5/10

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/064 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatus and method for providing a stabilized x-ray output from a field emission x-ray apparatus by monitoring the operating current and adjusting the gap between the anode and cathode to stabilize the output.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了通过监测工作电流和调节阳极和阴极之间的间隙来提供来自场发射x射线装置的稳定的x射线输出的装置和方法，以稳定输出。

公开(公告)号：WO0147596A2

公开(公告)日：2001-07-05

申请号：PCT/US0041915

申请日：2000-11-06

Applicant: TECHNOLOGIES LTD X

Inventor： HALAVEE URIEL ,  SHINAR GUY ,  MARCUS GILAD

IPC: A61N5/10 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/32 ,  A61N

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  A61N5/1002 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: A miniaturized energy transducer (14) that emits X-ray radiation is coupled to a catheter shaft (12) to permit X-ray radiation treatment within a body. The catheter shaft incorporates optical fibers and/or electrical conductors to supply optical and/or electrical energy (10) to the energy transducer. Use of the miniaturized energy transducer in combination with the catheter shaft eliminates most of the problems related to the methods based on the use of radioactive transducers and offers a method for efficient and controllable radiation treatment. Specifically, a catheter shaft and energy transducer are designed to provide access to very narrow blood vessels for X-ray radiation treatment.

Abstract translation: 发射X射线辐射的微型能量换能器（14）被耦合到导管轴（12）以允许在身体内进行X射线辐射治疗。 导管轴结合了光纤和/或电导体以向能量转换器提供光能和/或电能（10）。 小型化的能量转换器与导管轴的组合使用消除了与基于使用放射性转换器的方法有关的大多数问题，并且提供了用于有效和可控的放射治疗的方法。 具体而言，导管轴和能量转换器被设计为提供通向非常狭窄的血管以用于X射线辐射治疗。

公开(公告)号：US09412552B2

公开(公告)日：2016-08-09

申请号：US14337590

申请日：2014-07-22

Applicant: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA

Inventor： Shuji Aoki ,  Kazuyuki Ueda

IPC: H01J35/02 ,  H01J35/04 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/16 ,  G01N23/04

CPC classification number: H01J35/045 ,  G01N23/04 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: In a multi-source radiation generating apparatus including a plurality of combinations of a cathode and a target, an extraction electrode is disposed for a plurality of cathodes in common. When a potential of the extraction electrode is constant, potentials for the cathodes are selectively switched between a cutoff potential which is higher than the potential of the extraction electrode and an emission potential which is lower than the potential of the extraction electrode.

Abstract translation: 在包括阴极和靶的多个组合的多源辐射发生装置中，为多个阴极共同设置引出电极。 当提取电极的电位恒定时，阴极的电位在高于引出电极的电位的截止电位和低于引出电极的电位的发射电位之间选择性地切换。

公开(公告)号：US20110116603A1

公开(公告)日：2011-05-19

申请号：US12743496

申请日：2008-11-13

Applicant: Dae Jun Kim ,  Yoon Ho Song ,  Jin Woo Jeong

Inventor： Dae Jun Kim ,  Yoon Ho Song ,  Jin Woo Jeong

IPC: H01J35/04

CPC classification number: H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J2235/062 ,  H01J2235/068 ,  H01J2235/087 ,  H01J2235/164 ,  H01J2235/186

Abstract: A microminiature X-ray tube with a triode structure using a nano emitter is provided, which can increase a field emission region as much as possible by means of nano emitters fine-patterned in a cathode to not only increase an emission current per unit area as much as possible but secure high electrical characteristics, reliability, and structural stability by means of a cover and a bonding material. In addition, gate holes having a macro structure can be formed in the gate to promote electron beam focusing by means of the gate without using a separate focusing electrode and to prevent a leakage current from occurring on the gate. Further, an auxiliary electrode can be formed on a top or an inner surface of a cover applied for structural stability to further promote the electron beam focusing and to control the output amounts per individual X-ray tubes output according to current switching to be equal to each other.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种具有使用纳米发射极的三极管结构的微型X射线管，其可以通过在阴极中精细图案化的纳米发射体尽可能多地增加场发射区域，以便不仅增加每单位面积的发射电流 尽可能地通过盖和接合材料确保高的电气特性，可靠性和结构稳定性。 此外，可以在栅极中形成具有宏观结构的栅极孔，以通过栅极促进电子束聚焦，而不使用单独的聚焦电极并防止在栅极上发生漏电流。 此外，可以在用于结构稳定性的盖的顶表面或内表面上形成辅助电极，以进一步促进电子束聚焦，并且根据电流切换来控制每个X射线管输出的输出量等于 彼此。

公开(公告)号：US06989486B2

公开(公告)日：2006-01-24

申请号：US10961962

申请日：2004-10-08

Applicant: Paul A. Lovoi ,  Peter C. Smith ,  Alex Lim

Inventor： Paul A. Lovoi ,  Peter C. Smith ,  Alex Lim

IPC: H01B7/34 ,  H01B7/00

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  A61N5/1002 ,  H01J9/04 ,  H01J9/24 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/02 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: In a miniature x-ray tube, which may be on the order of approximately 1 mm in diameter or even less, a high voltage cable is provided in various embodiments for conducting current to the cathode of the x-ray tube and for conducting high voltage to the cathode and anode of the tube. In various embodiments of the cable, two conductors occupy a center region of the cable, packed as closely together as possible, in various shapes that are compact and present as smooth as possible an external shape for maximizing dielectric properties against the exterior high voltage ground, surrounding and generally concentric with the inner conductors. The inner conductors, which carry high voltage in opposition to the outer ground, can be in opposed D shapes, coaxial, two flattened conductors side by side, or simply a pair of cylindrical wires positioned as closely as possible. The space between the inner conductors and the outer ground can be occupied by a glass insulator, polymer, successive layers of polymers and adhesive, air, gas, vacuum or other dielectrics. A partially conductive region can surround the inner conductors.

Abstract translation: 在可以在大约1mm直径甚至更小的数量级的微型X射线管中，在各种实施例中提供高压电缆用于将电流传导到x射线管的阴极和用于传导高电压 到管的阴极和阳极。 在电缆的各种实施例中，两个导体占据电缆的中心区域，尽可能紧密地包装在各种形状中，其形状紧凑并且呈现尽可能平滑的外部形状，用于使外部高压地面的介电特性最大化， 围绕并且与内部导体大致同心。 承载与外部地面相对的高电压的内部导体可以彼此相对的D形状，同轴的，两个扁平的导体，或简单的一对圆柱形的电线尽可能靠近。 内部导体和外部地面之间的空间可以由玻璃绝缘体，聚合物，连续的聚合物层和粘合剂，空气，气体，真空或其它电介质占据。 部分导电区域可以围绕内部导体。

公开(公告)号：US06648810B1

公开(公告)日：2003-11-18

申请号：US09708665

申请日：2000-11-09

Applicant: Lars Tenerz ,  Jonas Tirén ,  Leif Smith

Inventor： Lars Tenerz ,  Jonas Tirén ,  Leif Smith

IPC: A61N500

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: Medical system comprising a hollow catheter 14, for insertion into a human or animal body, and an elongated x-ray tube unit 12 provided with an x-ray tube 16 at its distal end and adapted to be inserted into the catheter. A distal pole 8 of the x-ray tube is connectable to a connection means 22 in said catheter, wherein the x-ray tube is energised via a single electrical conductor 18 in said x-ray tube unit connected to the proximal pole and via said connection means.

Abstract translation: 医疗系统包括用于插入人或动物体的中空导管14以及在其远端设置有X射线管16并适于插入导管中的细长x射线管单元12。 X射线管的远极8可连接到所述导管中的连接装置22，其中x射线管通过连接到近极的所述x射线管单元中的单个电导体18通过所述X射线管 连接方式。

公开(公告)号：US20030191459A1

公开(公告)日：2003-10-09

申请号：US10119976

申请日：2002-04-09

Inventor： Robert A. Ganz ,  Hans L. Melgaard

IPC: A61B018/18 ,  A61B001/00

CPC classification number: A61N5/0601 ,  A61B18/24 ,  A61B2017/22051 ,  A61B2018/00982 ,  A61B2018/2261 ,  A61N5/1001 ,  A61N2005/0609 ,  A61N2005/0651 ,  A61N2005/0654 ,  A61N2005/0661 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: A surgical apparatus has a body portion that includes a shaft terminating in a distal head or tip and a means for directing light radiation from the apparatus onto the lining of a body cavity for treating an ailment in a body cavity of a patient as for example a gastrointestinal ailment of a patient such as gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastric cancer, gastric lymphoma, ulcerative colitis, or Crohn's disease as well as for treating diseases of the circulatory system, urogenital systems and other body cavities. The method of use of the apparatus comprises inserting the shaft of the apparatus into a body cavity, e.g., stomach or colon, of the patient to place the distal tip of the shaft in the desired position. The body cavity of the patient is then irradiated with light radiation so as to kill or debilitate microorganisms lining the body cavity without serious destruction of the body tissue of the patient to thereby improve or alleviate one or more of the symptoms of the ailment. A probiotic comprising innocuous bacteria can be administered to the patient to reestablish the growth of normal microbial flora when used in the gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract translation: 手术装置具有主体部分，其包括终止于远侧头部或尖端的轴，以及用于将来自该装置的光辐射引导到体腔的衬里上的装置，用于治疗患者的体腔中的疾病，例如 患者的胃肠疾病如胃炎，胃溃疡，十二指肠溃疡，胃癌，胃淋巴瘤，溃疡性结肠炎或克罗恩氏病，以及用于治疗循环系统，泌尿生殖系统和其他体腔的疾病。 使用该装置的方法包括将装置的轴插入患者的体腔（例如胃或结肠）中，以将轴的远侧末端放置在期望的位置。 然后用光辐射照射患者的体腔，以便杀死或破坏体腔内的微生物，而不会严重破坏患者的身体组织，从而改善或减轻疾病的一种或多种症状。 可以向患者施用包含无害细菌的益生菌以在胃肠道中使用时重新建立正常微生物菌群的生长。

公开(公告)号：US06463124B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-08

申请号：US09596530

申请日：2000-06-19

Applicant: Effraim Weisman ,  Nathan Sela ,  Dan Hashimshony ,  Uriel Halavee ,  Guy Shinar ,  Gilad Marcus

Inventor： Effraim Weisman ,  Nathan Sela ,  Dan Hashimshony ,  Uriel Halavee ,  Guy Shinar ,  Gilad Marcus

IPC: H01J3506

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  A61N5/1002 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2201/342 ,  H01J2235/06 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: An apparatus provides in-situ radiation treating utilizing a miniature energy transducer to produce x-rays, wherein the energy transducer includes a Schottky cathode tip. More specifically, the energy transducer includes a transducer body, an anode provided at a first end of the transducer body, and a cathode provided at a second end of the transducer body opposite the anode. The energy transducer is coupled to an energy source by a flexible insertion device. The energy source provides electrical and/or light signals to the energy transducer via the flexible insertion device. Light transmitted from the energy source to the energy transducer by the flexible insertion device is focused on a Schottky cathode tip of the cathode by the optical fiber provided in the hollow core of the anode. The application of the light signal to the cathode tip results in heating of the tip and along with the electric field generated by the acceleration voltage it leads to electron Schottky emission and electron acceleration towards the anode. In another preferred embodiment, an electrical current, transmitted from the energy source to the energy transducer by the flexible insertion device, is applied to the Schottky cathode tip of the cathode, causing thermo-emission. The electrons generated due to this process are accelerated towards the anode across a voltage difference between the anode and the cathode.

Abstract translation: 一种装置利用微型能量换能器提供原位辐射处理以产生X射线，其中能量换能器包括肖特基阴极尖端。 更具体地，能量换能器包括换能器主体，设置在换能器主体的第一端的阳极和设置在换能器本体的与阳极相对的第二端的阴极。 能量传感器通过柔性插入装置耦合到能量源。 能量源通过柔性插入装置向能量换能器提供电和/或光信号。 通过柔性插入装置从能量源传递到能量换能器的光通过设置在阳极中空芯中的光纤聚焦在阴极的肖特基阴极尖端上。 将光信号施加到阴极尖端导致尖端的加热以及由加速电压产生的电场，从而导致电子肖特基发射和朝向阳极的电子加速。 在另一个优选实施例中，通过柔性插入装置从能量源传递到能量换能器的电流被施加到阴极的肖特基阴极尖端，引起热发射。 由于该过程产生的电子在阳极和阴极之间的电压差上被朝向阳极加速。