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公开(公告)号：WO1989010000A1
公开(公告)日：1989-10-19
申请号：PCT/US1989000857
申请日：1989-03-06
Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY
Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY , SCHUMACHER, Robert, W. , HYMAN, Julius, Jr. , HARVEY, Robin, J. , SANTORU, Joseph
IPC: H01J25/00
CPC classification number: H01J25/005
Abstract: A high-power microwave/mm-wave oscillator is filled with an ionizable gas at a pressure of about 1-20 mTorr, into which an electron beam (34) is injected at a high current density of at least about 1 amp/cm2, but typically 50-100 A/cm2. A plasma is formed which inhibits space-charge blowup of the beam, thereby eliminating the prior requirement of a magnet system to control the beam. The system functions as a slow-wave tube to produce narrow-band microwaves for a gas pressure of about 1-5 mTorr, and as a plasma wave tube to produce broadband microwave/mm-wave radiation for a gas pressure of about 10-20 mTorr. A new high output, hollow-cathode-plasma electron gun is employed in which a metal oxide layer is formed on the inner surface to enhance the secondary electron yield; a cathode (2), grid (4), and extraction anode (12) have respective sets of multiple apertures (30) which are mutually aligned to yield a high perveance beam; the cathode, grid, and anode are curved to geometrically focus the beam, and a beam with a circular cross-section is generated.
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公开(公告)号：WO8910001A2
公开(公告)日：1989-10-19
申请号：PCT/US8900859
申请日：1989-03-06
Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO
Inventor： SCHUMACHER ROBERT W
IPC: H01J25/00
CPC classification number: H01J25/005
Abstract: A plasma wave tube and associated operating method are described in which a pair of cold-cathode electron beam generators discharge counterpropagating electron beams (2, 4) into an ionizable gas, preferably hydrogen or a noble gas, within a waveguide housing (6). A voltage within the approximate range of 4-20 kV relative to the waveguide housing is applied to the cathodes (14, 16) to produce electron beams with current densities of at least about 1 amp/cm2. The beams form a plasma (8) within the gas and couple with the plasma to produce electron plasma waves, which are non-linearly coupled to radiate electromagnetic energy in the microwave to mm-wave region. A magnetic field (Bo) is established within the waveguide between the cathodes to confine the plasma, and to control the beam discharge impedance. The gas pressure is held within the approximate range of 1-100 mTorr, preferably about 10-30 mTorr, to damp plasma instabilities and sustain the beam voltages, while the magnetic field is within the approximate range of 100-500 Gauss. A very rapid frequency slewing or chirping is achieved with a relatively high magnetic field that reduces the discharge impedance to the lower end of the permissible range. Frequency-stabilized operation is achieved with a lower magnetic field that increases the discharge impedance so that the beam current changes very slowly with time.
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公开(公告)号：WO8910001A3
公开(公告)日：1989-11-16
申请号：PCT/US8900859
申请日：1989-03-06
Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO
Inventor： SCHUMACHER ROBERT W
IPC: H01J25/00
CPC classification number: H01J25/005
Abstract: A plasma wave tube and associated operating method are described in which a pair of cold-cathode electron beam generators discharge counterpropagating electron beams (2, 4) into an ionizable gas, preferably hydrogen or a noble gas, within a waveguide housing (6). A voltage within the approximate range of 4-20 kV relative to the waveguide housing is applied to the cathodes (14, 16) to produce electron beams with current densities of at least about 1 amp/cm2. The beams form a plasma (8) within the gas and couple with the plasma to produce electron plasma waves, which are non-linearly coupled to radiate electromagnetic energy in the microwave to mm-wave region. A magnetic field (Bo) is established within the waveguide between the cathodes to confine the plasma, and to control the beam discharge impedance. The gas pressure is held within the approximate range of 1-100 mTorr, preferably about 10-30 mTorr, to damp plasma instabilities and sustain the beam voltages, while the magnetic field is within the approximate range of 100-500 Gauss. A very rapid frequency slewing or chirping is achieved with a relatively high magnetic field that reduces the discharge impedance to the lower end of the permissible range. Frequency-stabilized operation is achieved with a lower magnetic field that increases the discharge impedance so that the beam current changes very slowly with time.
Abstract translation: 描述了一种等离子体波导管和相关的操作方法，其中一对冷阴极电子束发生器将反向传播的电子束（2,4）放入波导壳体（6）内的可电离气体，优选氢气或惰性气体中。 将相对于波导管壳体大致4-20kV范围内的电压施加到阴极（14,16）上，以产生电流密度至少约为1安培/平方厘米的电子束。 束在气体内形成等离子体（8）并与等离子体耦合以产生电子等离子体波，所述电子等离子体波非线性地耦合以在微波至毫米波区域中辐射电磁能量。 在阴极之间的波导内建立磁场（Bo）以限制等离子体并控制束流放电阻抗。 气体压力保持在1-100mTorr的近似范围内，优选地约10-30mTorr，以便减弱等离子体不稳定性并维持束电压，而磁场在100-500高斯的近似范围内。 通过相对较高的磁场实现非常快速的旋转或啁啾，从而将放电阻抗降低到允许范围的下限。 频率稳定的操作是通过较低的磁场实现的，该磁场增加了放电阻抗，使得电子束电流随着时间缓慢变化。
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公开(公告)号：EP0400089B1
公开(公告)日：1993-06-09
申请号：EP89904349.1
申请日：1989-03-13
Applicant: Hughes Aircraft Company
Inventor： SCHUMACHER, Robert, W. , SANTORU, Joseph
IPC: H01J25/00
CPC classification number: H01J25/005
Abstract: A plasma wave tube is described in which a pair of counterpropagating electron beams (6, 8) are injected into a waveguide housing (2) in which a plasma is formed, preferably by an array of fine wire anodes (4). The electron beams couple with the plasma to produce electron plasma waves, which radiate electromagnetic energy for beam voltages and currents above established threshold levels. A rapid control over output frequency is achieved by controlling the plasma discharge current, while the output power can be controlled by controlling the voltage and/or current levels of the electron beams.
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公开(公告)号：EP0400089A1
公开(公告)日：1990-12-05
申请号：EP89904349.0
申请日：1989-03-13
Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY
Inventor： SCHUMACHER, Robert, W. , SANTORU, Joseph
CPC classification number: H01J25/005
Abstract: Est décrit un tube à ondes plasmiques dans lequel une paire de faisceaux d'électrons (6, 8) se propageant dans des sens contraires sont injectés dans une cage de guide d'ondes (2) dans laquelle un plasma est formé, de préférence par un réseau d'anodes en fils fins (4). Les faisceaux d'électrons se couplent avec le plasma pour produire des ondes plasmiques électroniques, lesquelles rayonnent une énergie électromagnétique pour des tensions et des courants de faisceaux supérieurs aux niveaux de seuil établis. Une rapide modulation de la fréquence de sortie est réalisée par modulation du courant de décharge de plasma, tandis que la puissance de sortie peut être modulée par modulation des niveaux de tension et/ou de courant des faisceaux d'électrons.
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：WO1990013905A1
公开(公告)日：1990-11-15
申请号：PCT/US1990002368
申请日：1990-05-03
Applicant: JUPITER TOY COMPANY
Inventor： JUPITER TOY COMPANY , SHOULDERS, Kenneth, R.
IPC: H01J23/34
CPC classification number: B82Y10/00 , H01J3/00 , H01J25/005
Abstract: Energie is converted by launching a bundle of discrete self-contained electrons. The bundle is guided along a path defined by a channel (584) in a dielectric (582). Energy from the bundle is transferred by a charge transfer mechanism to a slow wave electrical conductor (588) while the bundle is guided along the path. Energy transferred to the slow wave conductor from the bundle is coupled to a load (590).
Abstract translation: 通过发射一束离散的独立电子来转换能量。 束沿着由电介质（582）中的通道（584）限定的路径引导。 当束沿着路径被引导时，来自束的能量通过电荷转移机构传递到慢波电导体（588）。 从束传递到慢波导体的能量耦合到负载（590）。
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公开(公告)号：WO1989010002A1
公开(公告)日：1989-10-19
申请号：PCT/US1989000994
申请日：1989-03-13
Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY
Inventor： HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY , SCHUMACHER, Robert, W. , SANTORU, Joseph
IPC: H01J25/00
CPC classification number: H01J25/005
Abstract: A plasma wave tube is described in which a pair of counterpropagating electron beams (6, 8) are injected into a waveguide housing (2) in which a plasma is formed, preferably by an array of fine wire anodes (4). The electron beams couple with the plasma to produce electron plasma waves, which radiate electromagnetic energy for beam voltages and currents above established threshold levels. A rapid control over output frequency is achieved by controlling the plasma discharge current, while the output power can be controlled by controlling the voltage and/or current levels of the electron beams.
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公开(公告)号：US4916361A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-10
申请号：US181340
申请日：1988-04-14
Applicant: Robert W. Schumacher , Joseph Santoru
Inventor： Robert W. Schumacher , Joseph Santoru
CPC classification number: H01J25/005
Abstract: A plasma wave tube is described in which a pair of counterpropagating electron beams are injected into a waveguide housing in which a plasma is formed, prefeferably by an array of fine wire anodes. The electron beams couple with the plasma to produce electron plasma waves, which radiate electromagnetic energy for beam voltages and currents above established threshold levels. A rapid control over output frequency is achieved by controlling the plasma discharge current, while the output power can be controlled by controlling the voltage and/or current levels of the electron beams.
Abstract translation: 描述了一种等离子体波导管，其中一对反向传播的电子束被注入到其中形成等离子体的波导壳体中，优选地由细线状阳极阵列注入。 电子束与等离子体耦合以产生电子等离子体波，其辐射电磁能量以使束电压和电流高于建立的阈值水平。 通过控制等离子体放电电流实现对输出频率的快速控制，而可以通过控制电子束的电压和/或电流水平来控制输出功率。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3439225A
公开(公告)日：1969-04-15
申请号：US3439225D
申请日：1966-10-24
Applicant: HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO
Inventor： KNECHTLI RONALD C
CPC classification number: H01P1/185 , H01J25/005 , H01P1/14
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公开(公告)号：US3432721A
公开(公告)日：1969-03-11
申请号：US3432721D
申请日：1966-01-17
Applicant: GEN ELECTRIC
Inventor： NAYDAN THEODORE T , KOENIG HAROLD R
CPC classification number: H01J25/005
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