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    Methods and apparatus for remote real time oil field management
    92.
    发明授权
    Methods and apparatus for remote real time oil field management 有权
    远程实时油田管理方法与装置

    公开(公告)号：US07096092B1

    公开(公告)日：2006-08-22

    申请号：US09705674

    申请日：2000-11-03

    Applicant: Terizhandur S. Ramakrishnan ,  Raj Kumar Michael Thambynayagam ,  Peter Gerhard Tilke ,  Bhavani Raghuraman

    Inventor： Terizhandur S. Ramakrishnan ,  Raj Kumar Michael Thambynayagam ,  Peter Gerhard Tilke ,  Bhavani Raghuraman

    IPC: G05D7/00 ,  G06F19/00

    CPC classification number: E21B49/00 ,  E21B43/00 ,  E21B47/00

    Abstract: A method of managing oil fields include installing oil field sensors, coupling them to a local CPU having memory, programming the CPU for data collection and data analysis, and coupling local oil field CPUs to a web server. Human experts are granted access to oil field data in real time via the Internet. The local CPUs provide different levels of data to the web server. The web server provides the option to view raw data, partially analyzed data, or fully analyzed data. The local CPUs are programmed with parameters for analyzing the data and automatically determining the presence of anomalies. Upon detecting the occurrence of an anomaly, the local CPUs are programmed to notify one or more human experts by email, pager, telephone, etc. If no human expert responds to the notification within a programmed period of time, the local CPU automatically takes a programmed corrective action.

    Abstract translation: 一种管理油田的方法包括安装油田传感器，将其连接到具有存储器的本地CPU，对CPU进行数据采集和数据分析，并将局部油田CPU耦合到Web服务器。 人类专家可以通过互联网实时获取油田数据。 本地CPU为Web服务器提供不同级别的数据。 Web服务器提供查看原始数据，部分分析数据或完全分析数据的选项。 本地CPU通过参数进行编程，用于分析数据并自动确定是否存在异常。 当检测到异常的发生时，本地CPU被编程为通过电子邮件，寻呼机，电话等通知一个或多个人类专家。如果没有人类专家在编程的时间段内对通知进行响应，则本地CPU自动采取 编程纠正措施。

    Integrated circuit having arbitrated switching between busses
    93.
    发明授权
    Integrated circuit having arbitrated switching between busses 有权
    集成电路在总线之间进行了仲裁切换

    公开(公告)号：US06789150B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-09-07

    申请号：US09601581

    申请日：2000-08-02

    Applicant: Raj Kumar Jain

    Inventor： Raj Kumar Jain

    IPC: G06F1314

    CPC classification number: G06F13/4022

    Abstract: An integrated circuit (1) includes a processing device (2), a program interface (4, 5) coupled to the processing device (2), a data interface (6, 7) coupled to the processing device. The program interface (4, 5) includes a first address bus (4) and a first data bus (5) and the data interface (6, 7) includes a second address bus (6) and a second data bus (7). The integrated circuit also includes address and data bus switching devices (18) and a control device (16). The address bus switching device (18) is coupled to the first and second address buses (4, 6) and adapted to be coupled to an external address bus (11) and the data bus switching device (18) is adapted to be coupled to an external data bus (12) and is coupled to the first and second data buses (5, 7). The control device (16) is coupled to the processing device (2), the address bus switching device (18) and the data bus switching device (18). The control device (16) controls the address and data bus switching devices (18) to couple the first address bus (4) and the first data bus (5) to the external address and data buses (11, 12) or to couple the second address bus (6) and the second data bus (7) to the external address and data buses (11, 12), in response to control signals received from the processing device (2).

    Abstract translation: 集成电路（1）包括处理设备（2），耦合到处理设备（2）的程序接口（4,5），耦合到处理设备的数据接口（6,7）。 程序接口（4,5）包括第一地址总线（4）和第一数据总线（5），数据接口（6,7）包括第二地址总线（6）和第二数据总线（7）。 集成电路还包括地址和数据总线切换装置（18）和控制装置（16）。 地址总线切换装置（18）耦合到第一和第二地址总线（4,6）并且适于耦合到外部地址总线（11），并且数据总线切换装置（18）适于耦合到 外部数据总线（12）并且耦合到第一和第二数据总线（5,7）。 控制装置（16）耦合到处理装置（2），地址总线切换装置（18）和数据总线切换装置（18）。 控制装置（16）控制地址和数据总线切换装置（18）将第一地址总线（4）和第一数据总线（5）耦合到外部地址和数据总线（11,12）或将 响应于从处理装置（2）接收的控制信号，将第二地址总线（6）和第二数据总线（7）连接到外部地址和数据总线（11,12）。

    Converting volatile memory to non-volatile memory
    94.
    发明授权
    Converting volatile memory to non-volatile memory 有权
    将易失性存储器转换为非易失性存储器

    公开(公告)号：US06768668B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-07-27

    申请号：US10117665

    申请日：2002-04-04

    Applicant: Raj Kumar Jain

    Inventor： Raj Kumar Jain

    IPC: G11C1100

    CPC classification number: G11C11/406 ,  G11C11/405 ,  G11C14/00

    Abstract: The invention relates to a method for converting volatile memory cells to non-volatile memory cells with minimal modifications. There is included a volatile memory cell which is modified to permanently retain data by using one refresh port to transmit an active low voltage signal and configuring one terminal of the storage transistor to receive either an active high or low voltage signal.

    Refreshing of multi-port memory in integrated circuits
    95.
    发明授权
    Refreshing of multi-port memory in integrated circuits 失效
    在集成电路中刷新多端口存储器

    公开(公告)号：US06711081B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-03-23

    申请号：US10065128

    申请日：2002-09-19

    Applicant: Raj Kumar Jain

    Inventor： Raj Kumar Jain

    IPC: G11C700

    CPC classification number: G11C11/40603 ,  G11C11/403 ,  G11C11/405 ,  G11C11/406

    Abstract: A dual port memory module comprising a contention circuit for refresh in order to detect a conflict between an externally requested access and a refresh operation is described. The refresh operation is allocated to the port that is not externally accessed. When accesses through both ports are requested, a wait cycle for one of the access requests is inserted until the refresh is terminated.

    Abstract translation: 描述了包括用于刷新以便检测外部请求的访问和刷新操作之间的冲突的争用电路的双端口存储器模块。 刷新操作被分配给不是外部访问的端口。 当请求访问这两个端口时，将插入其中一个访问请求的等待周期，直到刷新终止。

    Low species buffered rinsing fluids and method
    96.
    发明授权
    Low species buffered rinsing fluids and method 失效
    低品质缓冲冲洗液和方法

    公开(公告)号：US06652659B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-11-25

    申请号：US09452015

    申请日：1999-11-30

    Applicant: Glen Roeters ,  Raj Kumar

    Inventor： Glen Roeters ,  Raj Kumar

    IPC: C23G100

    CPC classification number: H01L21/02063 ,  C11D7/08 ,  C11D7/12 ,  C11D11/0047 ,  H01L21/6704 ,  H05K3/26 ,  H05K2203/0766 ,  H05K2203/0786 ,  Y10S134/902 ,  Y10S438/906

    Abstract: A method of rinsing an electronic substrate recognizes that adding a buffer to a rinsing fluid eliminates fluctuations in the amount of residues on an electronic substrate, and a buffered rinsing fluid is prepared by (a) providing water from a water source; (b) deionizing the water to produce deionized water; (c) adding a buffer to the deionized water at a concentration effective to eliminate fluctuations in the amount of residues on the electronic substrate. The electronic substrate is rinsed with the buffered rinsing fluid.

    Abstract translation: 冲洗电子基板的方法认识到，向冲洗流体添加缓冲液消除电子基板上的残留物的量的波动，并且缓冲的冲洗液通过（a）从水源提供水来制备; （b）去离子水以产生去离子水; （c）以有效地消除电子基板上的残留物量的波动的浓度向去离子水中加入缓冲剂。 用缓冲的冲洗液漂洗电子基片。

    Memory cell with improved retention time
    97.
    发明授权
    Memory cell with improved retention time 有权
    记忆单元具有更好的保留时间

    公开(公告)号：US06469925B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-10-22

    申请号：US09855167

    申请日：2001-05-14

    Applicant: Raj Kumar Jain

    Inventor： Raj Kumar Jain

    IPC: G11C1140

    CPC classification number: G11C11/405 ,  G11C11/403 ,  G11C11/404 ,  G11C11/406 ,  G11C11/4091 ,  H01L27/108 ,  H01L27/10873 ,  H01L27/11

    Abstract: A memory cell having first and second access transistors coupled to a storage transistor is disclosed. A boosted voltage is coupled to the gate of the storage transistor to increase the charge stored in the memory cell, thereby improving retention time.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种具有耦合到存储晶体管的第一和第二存取晶体管的存储单元。 升压电压耦合到存储晶体管的栅极以增加存储在存储单元中的电荷，从而改善保留时间。

    Lipid derivatives of antiviral nucleosides: liposomal incorporation and method of use
    98.
    发明授权
    Lipid derivatives of antiviral nucleosides: liposomal incorporation and method of use 失效
    抗病毒核苷的脂质衍生物：脂质体掺入和使用方法

    公开(公告)号：US06448392B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-09-10

    申请号：US08415769

    申请日：1995-04-03

    Applicant: Karl Y. Hostetler ,  Raj Kumar ,  Louise M. Stuhmiller

    Inventor： Karl Y. Hostetler ,  Raj Kumar ,  Louise M. Stuhmiller

    IPC: A61K3722

    CPC classification number: B82Y5/00 ,  A61K47/542 ,  A61K47/544 ,  A61K47/548 ,  C07H15/04 ,  C07H19/04 ,  C07H19/06 ,  C07H19/16

    Abstract: Compounds are disclosed for treating AIDS, herpes, and other viral infections by means of lipid derivatives of antiviral agents. The compounds consist of nucleoside analogues having antiviral activity which are linked, commonly through a phosphate group at the 5′ position of the pentose residue, to one of a selected group of lipids. The lipophilic nature of these compounds provide advantages over the use of the nucleoside analogue alone. It also makes it possible to incorporate them into the lamellar structure of liposomes, either alone or combined with similar molecules. In the form of liposomes, these antiviral agents are preferentially taken up by macrophages and monocytes, cells which have been found to harbor the target HIV virus. Additional site specificity may be incorporated into the liposomes with the addition of ligands, such as monoclonal antibodies or other peptides or proteins which bind to viral proteins. Effective nucleoside analogues are dideoxynucleosides, azidothymine (AZT), and acyclovir; lipid groups may be glycolipids, sphingolipids, phospholipids or fatty acids. The compounds persist, after intracellular hydrolysis, as phosphorylated or non-phosphorylated antiviral nucleosides. The compounds are effective in improving the efficacy of antiviral nucleoside analogues by prolonging the antiviral activity after the administration of the drug has ended, and in preventing retroviral replication in HIV infections which have become resistant to therapy with conventional forms of the antiretroviral agents.

    Abstract translation: 公开了通过抗病毒剂的脂质衍生物治疗AIDS，疱疹和其它病毒感染的化合物。 所述化合物由具有抗病毒活性的核苷类似物组成，通常通过戊糖残基的5'位置的磷酸基团连接到所选择的一组脂质之一中。 这些化合物的亲油性质优于单独使用核苷类似物的优点。 它还使得可以将它们单独或与类似分子组合在一起，将它们并入脂质体的层状结构中。 以脂质体的形式，这些抗病毒剂优先被巨噬细胞和单核细胞（已被发现携带目标HIV病毒的细胞）吸收。 可以通过加入配体如单克隆抗体或其它与病毒蛋白结合的肽或蛋白质将其中的位点特异性引入脂质体。 有效的核苷类似物是双脱氧核苷，叠氮胸腺嘧啶（AZT）和阿昔洛韦; 脂质组可以是糖脂，鞘脂，磷脂或脂肪酸。 化合物在细胞内水解后持续存在，作为磷酸化或非磷酸化的抗病毒核苷。 该化合物通过在给药药物结束后延长抗病毒活性，以及​​在用常规形式的抗逆转录病毒药物治疗已经变得耐药的HIV感染中预防逆转录病毒复制，有效地改善了抗病毒核苷类似物的功效。

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