公开(公告)号：US20080015277A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-17

申请号：US11792642

申请日：2005-12-19

Applicant: Velliyur Nott Allikarjuna Rao ,  Allen Sievert

Inventor： Velliyur Nott Allikarjuna Rao ,  Allen Sievert

IPC: C07C17/10 ,  B01J19/08 ,  C08F8/20

CPC classification number: B01J19/123 ,  B01J8/08 ,  B01J19/127 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J19/243 ,  B01J23/26 ,  B01J37/088 ,  C07C17/10 ,  C07C17/206 ,  C07C17/25 ,  C07C19/08 ,  C07C19/10 ,  C07C19/12 ,  C07C21/18 ,  C07C21/185

Abstract: A photochemical reaction apparatus including a reactor and a light source situated so that light from the light source is directed through a portion of the reactor wall is disclosed. The apparatus is characterized by the portion of the reaction wall comprising a copolymer of a perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether). The perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) is selected from the group consisting of CF30CF═CF2, C2F5OCF═CF2, C3F7OCF═F2, and mixture thereof. Also disclosed is a photochemical reaction process wherein light from a light source is directed through said reactor wall to interact with reactants in said reactor. A process for increasing the fluorine content of at least one compound selected from hydrocarbons and halohydrocarbons, comprising: (a) photochlorinating said at least one compound; and (b) reacting the halogenated hydrocarbon produced in (a) with HF. A process for producing an olefinic compound, comprising: (a) photochlorinating at least one compound selected from hydrocarbons and halohydrocarbons containing at least two carbon atoms and at least two hydrogen atoms to produce a halogenated hydrocarbon containing a hydrogen substituent and a chlorine substituent on adjacent carbon atoms; and (b) subjecting the halogenated hydrocarbon produced in (a) to dehydrohalogenation.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种光化学反应装置，其包括反应器和光源，其位于使得来自光源的光被引导通过反应器壁的一部分。 该装置的特征在于反应壁的一部分包含全氟（烷基乙烯基醚）的共聚物。 全氟（烷基乙烯基醚）选自CF 30 CF-CF 2，C 2 F 5 OCF-CF 2 C， 其中3个或更多个OCF-F 2和它们的混合物。 还公开了光化学反应方法，其中来自光源的光被引导通过所述反应器壁以与所述反应器中的反应物相互作用。 一种提高至少一种选自烃和卤代烃的化合物的氟含量的方法，包括：（a）将所述至少一种化合物进行光氯化; 和（b）使（a）中制备的卤代烃与HF反应。 一种制备烯烃化合物的方法，包括：（a）将至少一种选自含有至少两个碳原子和至少两个氢原子的烃和卤代烃的化合物进行光氯化以产生在邻近的含氢取代基和氯取代基的卤代烃 碳原子 和（b）使（a）中制备的卤代烃脱卤化氢。

公开(公告)号：US06752978B2

公开(公告)日：2004-06-22

申请号：US10326286

申请日：2002-12-23

Applicant: Harold A. Huckins

Inventor： Harold A. Huckins

IPC: C01B1501

CPC classification number: C01B15/029 ,  B01J3/044 ,  B01J8/08 ,  B01J8/228 ,  B01J12/00 ,  B01J19/243 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/00121 ,  B01J2219/00162

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for safely producing hydrogen peroxide by injecting dispersed minute bubbles of hydrogen and oxygen into a rapidly flowing liquid medium. The minute bubbles are surrounded by the liquid medium of sufficient volume for preventing an explosive reaction between the hydrogen and oxygen. The liquid medium is formed of an acidic aqueous solution and a Group VIII metal catalyst. Hydrogen is sparged into the flowing medium for dissolution of the hydrogen in the medium. Oxygen bubbles are reacted with the dissolved hydrogen for producing hydrogen peroxide. Preferably, the liquid medium has a velocity of at least 10 feet per second for providing a bubbly flow regime in the reactor. The invention allows the direct combination of oxygen and hydrogen while preventing propagation of an explosive condition within the reactor. The method and apparatus provide for the safe production of hydrogen peroxide with low manufacturing costs.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过将分散的氢气和氧气的微小气泡注入到快速流动的液体介质中来安全地生产过氧化氢的方法和装置。 微小气泡被足够体积的液体介质包围，以防止氢气和氧气之间的爆炸性反应。 液体介质由酸性水溶液和VIII族金属催化剂形成。 将氢气喷射到流动介质中，以将氢溶解在介质中。 氧气与溶解的氢气反应生成过氧化氢。 优选地，液体介质具有至少10英尺/秒的速度，以在反应器中提供气泡流动状态。 本发明允许氧和氢的直接组合，同时防止反应器内的爆炸性条件的扩散。 该方法和装置以低制造成本提供安全生产过氧化氢。

公开(公告)号：US20040026312A1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-12

申请号：US10172058

申请日：2002-06-14

Inventor： William Tully

IPC: B01D029/17

CPC classification number: B01J25/04 ,  B01D29/27 ,  B01D29/96 ,  B01D2201/302 ,  B01J8/0005 ,  B01J8/006 ,  B01J8/08 ,  B01J19/0053 ,  B01J2208/00176 ,  B01J2219/0002 ,  B01J2219/00029

Abstract: Spent pyrophoric reaction catalyst from a reaction mixture is removed safely, cheaply, and rapidly using a single plate pressure filter. After hydrogenation, the reaction mixture is decanted, the desired hydrogenation product is removed, and catalyst-rich material which settles at the bottom of the vessel is delivered to a single plate pressure filter fitted with a filter bag 40 of permeable material. The spent catalyst is retained in the filter bag 40 and stored under water awaiting recovery. The filter apparatus 1 comprises a container having a domed base 2, a generally cylindrical sidewall 3 terminating in an upper rim 4 closed by a lid 5 having lifting lugs 6. The lid 5 is fixed in pressure-tight engagement with the sidewall 3 by flange engaging screw clamps 7 and an embedded polytetrafluoroethene gasket 8. The filter bag 40 is held in position by a band 11 and may be readily released for removal of the spent catalyst material. The bag 40 may be reused.

Abstract translation: 从反应混合物中消耗自燃反应催化剂，使用单板压力过滤器安全，便宜，快速地除去。 氢化后，将反应混合物倾析，除去所需的氢化产物，沉淀在容器底部的富含催化剂的材料被输送到装有可渗透材料的过滤袋40的单板压力过滤器上。 废催化剂保留在过滤袋40中并储存在等待回收的水中。 过滤装置1包括具有圆顶形基部2的容器，大致圆柱形的侧壁3终止于由具有提升凸耳6的盖5封闭的上边缘4中。盖5通过凸缘与侧壁3压力密封地接合而固定 接合螺钉夹具7和嵌入的聚四氟乙烯垫圈8.过滤袋40通过带11保持就位，并且可以容易地释放以除去废催化剂材料。 袋40可以重复使用。

公开(公告)号：US06316518B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-13

申请号：US09497701

申请日：2000-02-03

Applicant: L. Myles Phipps ,  Eric J. Swenson

Inventor： L. Myles Phipps ,  Eric J. Swenson

IPC: C08F246

CPC classification number: C08G69/46 ,  B01J8/002 ,  B01J8/003 ,  B01J8/08 ,  B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/42 ,  B01J19/129 ,  B01J19/1862 ,  B01J19/22 ,  B01J2208/00176 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  B29B13/08 ,  B29C35/12 ,  B29C2035/0861 ,  B29C2791/001 ,  B29K2077/00 ,  C08G63/80 ,  C08G63/88 ,  C08G69/28

Abstract: The invention includes a method of increasing polymerization within a condensation polymer. A substantially dry condensation polymer material is provided. The material is exposed to radiation having a frequency less than microwave frequency for a time of at least about 0.5 hour to increase an amount of polymerization within the material. The invention also includes a method of treating a polyamide material. A polymeric polyamide material is provided and exposed to first radiation having a first power intensity. The material is then exposed to second radiation having a second power intensity. The first power intensity is higher than the second power intensity. Additionally, the invention includes an apparatus. The apparatus includes an inlet port through which a feed material enters the apparatus, and an outlet port through which the feed material passes out of the apparatus. The apparatus further includes a feed material flow path from the inlet port to the outlet port, The flow path comprises at least two radio-frequency radiation reaction zones which comprise different power intensities of radio-frequency radiation relative to one another. The invention further comprises methods and apparatuses utilized for treatment and/or formation of nylon.

Abstract translation: 本发明包括增加缩聚物内聚合的方法。 提供基本干燥的缩聚物材料。 该材料暴露于频率小于微波频率的辐射至少约0.5小时的时间以增加材料内的聚合量。 本发明还包括一种处理聚酰胺材料的方法。 提供聚合物聚酰胺材料并暴露于具有第一功率强度的第一辐射。 然后将材料暴露于具有第二功率强度的第二辐射。 第一功率强度高于第二功率强度。 另外，本发明包括一种装置。 该设备包括进料口进入设备的入口端口和进给材料通过该出口通过设备的出口。 该装置还包括从入口到出口的进料材料流动路径。流动路径包括至少两个射频辐射反应区，其包括相对于彼此的射频辐射的不同功率强度。 本发明还包括用于处理和/或形成尼龙的方法和装置。

公开(公告)号：US06042804A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-28

申请号：US783881

申请日：1997-01-16

Applicant: Harold A. Huckins

Inventor： Harold A. Huckins

IPC: C01B15/01 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J8/08 ,  B01J8/22 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J12/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C01B15/029

CPC classification number: B01J12/00 ,  B01J19/0066 ,  B01J19/243 ,  B01J3/044 ,  B01J8/08 ,  B01J8/228 ,  C01B15/029 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/00121 ,  B01J2219/00162

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for safely producing hydrogen peroxide by injecting dispersed minute bubbles of hydrogen and oxygen into a rapidly flowing liquid medium. The minute bubbles are surrounded by the liquid medium of sufficient volume for preventing an explosive reaction between the hydrogen and oxygen. The liquid medium is formed of an acidic aqueous solution and a Group VIII metal catalyst. Hydrogen is sparged into the flowing medium for dissolution of the hydrogen in the medium. Oxygen bubbles are reacted with the dissolved hydrogen for producing hydrogen peroxide. Preferably, the liquid medium has a velocity of at least 10 feet per second for providing a bubbly flow regime in the reactor. The invention allows the direct combination of oxygen and hydrogen while preventing propagation of an explosive condition within the reactor. The method and apparatus provide for the safe production of hydrogen peroxide with low manufacturing costs.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过将分散的氢气和氧气的微小气泡注入到快速流动的液体介质中来安全地生产过氧化氢的方法和装置。 微小气泡被足够体积的液体介质包围，以防止氢气和氧气之间的爆炸性反应。 液体介质由酸性水溶液和VIII族金属催化剂形成。 将氢气喷射到流动介质中，以将氢溶解在介质中。 氧气与溶解的氢气反应生成过氧化氢。 优选地，液体介质具有至少10英尺/秒的速度，以在反应器中提供气泡流动状态。 本发明允许氧和氢的直接组合，同时防止反应器内的爆炸性条件的扩散。 该方法和装置以低制造成本提供安全生产过氧化氢。

公开(公告)号：US5741466A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-21

申请号：US553623

申请日：1996-03-19

Applicant: George Bodnaras

Inventor： George Bodnaras

IPC: B01F5/00 ,  B01F5/06 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/08 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J14/00 ,  B01J19/24

CPC classification number: B01F5/0603 ,  B01F5/0646 ,  B01F5/0647 ,  B01F5/0656 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J14/00 ,  B01J19/2405 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/08 ,  B01J2219/0013 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  Y10S261/72

Abstract: A multi-phase staged passive reactor (10) for promoting interphasic interaction of a first substance in a liquid phase with a second substance in a non-miscible liquid phase, a solid phase or a gaseous phase. The reactor comprises a plurality of stages (C, D and E) which define a flow path for the substances in different phases. Each stage is shaped to define a substantially curved flow path (12) having a center of curvature located to one side of the flow path (12). Thus, for example, stages (D) and (E) have a respective center of curvature (14, 16), on opposite sides of the flow path (12) whereby, in use, as the substances flow through the reactor (10) particles of the second substance are forced to migrate through the first substance, first in one direction and then in substantially the reverse direction due to an inertial field of changing direction thus generated. Due to the differences in the relative densities of the respective phases, differential inertial forces are exerted on each phase as the mixture flows along the general flow direction of flow path (12) the interphasic interaction thus produced includes both mechanical interaction due to, for example, collisions and energy transfer, as well as chemical reactions due to, for example, oxidation and ion-exchange. There are no moving parts in the reactor (10) which is of relatively simple construction, and it is extremely efficient, achieving high reaction rates, high mass transfer rates and high mixing rates.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / AU94 / 00299 Sec。 371日期：1996年3月19日 102（e）1996年3月19日PCT PCT 1994年6月3日PCT公布。 第WO94 / 29017号公报 日期1994年12月22日一种用于促进液相中的第一物质与不混溶液相，固相或气相中的第二物质的相互作用的多相阶段被动反应器（10）。 反应器包括多个阶段（C，D和E），其限定了用于不同阶段的物质的流动路径。 每个阶段成形为限定具有位于流动路径（12）的一侧的曲率中心的基本弯曲的流动路径（12）。 因此，例如，在流动路径（12）的相对侧上，阶段（D）和（E）具有相应的曲率中心（14,16），由此在使用时，当物质流过反应器（10）时， 第二物质的颗粒由于由此产生的改变方向的惯性场而被迫通过第一物质迁移，首先在一个方向然后基本上相反的方向迁移。 由于各相的相对密度的差异，当混合物沿着流动路径（12）的一般流动方向流动时，在每个相上施加微分惯性力，因此产生的相互作用包括例如由于例如 ，碰撞和能量转移，以及由于例如氧化和离子交换引起的化学反应。 在反应器（10）中没有运动部件，结构相对简单，效率极高，反应速度快，传质速率快，混合速度快。

公开(公告)号：US5512166A

公开(公告)日：1996-04-30

申请号：US911924

申请日：1992-07-10

Applicant: Patrice Herrenschmidt ,  Fran.cedilla.ois-Xavier Cormerais ,  Thierry Patureaux

Inventor： Patrice Herrenschmidt ,  Fran.cedilla.ois-Xavier Cormerais ,  Thierry Patureaux

IPC: B01J38/12 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/08 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G35/12 ,  C10G45/14 ,  C10G49/10 ,  C10G49/26

CPC classification number: B01J8/08 ,  B01J8/001 ,  B01J8/0015 ,  C10G35/12

Abstract: A process for the simultaneous replacement of a first catalyst by a second catalyst which first catalyst is circulating as a moving bed of solid particles in a hydrocarbon treating unit, which unit comprises at least one processing reactor. The first catalyst is withdrawn downstream of the reactor, or of each reactor, in the direction of catalyst circulation. The second catalyst is simultaneously injected upstream of the reactor or of each reactor. The bulk density of the material withdrawn downstream of the reactor, or of each reactor, is measured continuously. The withdrawal of the first catalyst and the injection of the second catalyst into the reactor concerned are interrupted when the bulk density so measured is equal to that of the second catalyst.

Abstract translation: 一种用于通过第二催化剂同时更换第一催化剂的方法，该第一催化剂在烃处理单元中作为固体颗粒的移动床循环，该单元包括至少一个处理反应器。 第一催化剂在反应器或每个反应器的下游沿着催化剂循环的方向取出。 第二催化剂同时注入反应器或每个反应器的上游。 在反应器或每个反应器下游排出的材料的体积密度连续测量。 当测量的体积密度等于第二催化剂的体积密度时，第一催化剂的撤出和第二催化剂注入相关的反应器中断。

公开(公告)号：US5021588A

公开(公告)日：1991-06-04

申请号：US236743

申请日：1988-08-26

Applicant: Rashmikant M. Contractor

Inventor： Rashmikant M. Contractor

IPC: B01J8/08 ,  C07C51/215

CPC classification number: B01J8/08 ,  C07C51/215

Abstract: The oxidation of butane to maleic anhydride in a recirculating solids reactor using a stoichiometric excess of oxygen, a vanadium-phosphorus oxide catalyst in oxidized form, and separate regeneration of the resultant reduced catalyst is disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了在使用化学计量过量的氧气的再循环固体反应器中将丁烷氧化成马来酸酐，氧化形式的钒 - 氧化磷催化剂和所得还原催化剂的分离再生。

公开(公告)号：US4855112A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-08

申请号：US88158

申请日：1987-08-21

Applicant: James L. Adcock

Inventor： James L. Adcock

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J8/08 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C07B39/00 ,  C07C41/22 ,  C07C43/12

CPC classification number: B01J8/08 ,  B01J19/123 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  C07B39/00 ,  C07C41/22 ,  B01J2219/00063 ,  B01J2219/00099 ,  B01J2219/00135 ,  B01J2219/00155 ,  B01J2219/00159

Abstract: An apparatus for aerosol direct fluorination is disclosed in which a material to be fluorinated is formed into an aerosol prior to fluorination by introducing a vapor stream of the material to be fluorinated centrally into converging flows of carrier particles suspended in a gas and condensing the vapor onto the particles. Fluorine is contacted with the aerosol in an elongated fluorination reactor having microporous walls providing a substantially continuous influx of fluorine-containing gas which creates an increasing fluorine concentration gradient as the aerosol moves through the reactor and provides a barrier to prevent contact of the aerosol with the microporous walls. A photochemical stage includes an elliptical reflector with a light source of one focus and a flow of aerosol and fluorine at the others.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于气溶胶直接氟化的装置，其中待氟化的材料在氟化之前通过将要被氟化的材料的蒸汽流引入会聚在悬浮在气体中的载体颗粒的流中并将蒸气冷凝到 颗粒。 在具有微孔壁的细长氟化反应器中使氟与气溶胶接触，所述微孔壁提供基本上连续的含氟气体的流入，当气溶胶移动通过反应器时，其产生增加的氟浓度梯度，并提供屏障以防止气溶胶与 微孔壁。 光化学阶段包括具有一个焦点的光源的椭圆形反射器和另一个焦点的气溶胶和氟流。

公开(公告)号：US4687637A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-18

申请号：US825296

申请日：1986-02-03

Applicant: Arthur R. Greenwood

Inventor： Arthur R. Greenwood

IPC: B01J8/08 ,  B01J38/26 ,  C10G35/12 ,  G05D7/00

CPC classification number: B01J38/26 ,  B01J8/08 ,  C10G35/12

Abstract: Apparatus for effecting multiple treatment steps needed to regenerate spent hydrocarbon conversion catalyst. Catalyst is contacted with a hot oxygen-containing gas stream in order to remove coke which accumulates on the catalyst while it is in a hydrocarbon conversion zone. After the coke is burned off in a combustion zone, catalyst is passed into a halogenation zone wherein a halogen is deposited on the catalyst. Catalyst leaving the halogenation zone is passed into a drying zone for removal of water formed in the combustion zone which has remained on the catalyst instead of being carried off with combustion gases. Water removal is accomplished by passing a hot dry air stream through the catalyst in the drying zone. A portion of the air stream which has passed through the drying zone is passed through the halogenation zone in admixture with a halogen, while the balance of the air stream leaving the drying zone is removed from the regeneration apparatus by venting it to the atmosphere or another disposal location. That portion of the air stream which is utilized in the halogenation zone is then passed into the combustion zone where it provides the oxygen required to accomplish burning of the carbon. The flow of air into the drying zone is controlled at a rate established to accomplish the degree of desired drying. The oxygen content of the gas flowing to the combustion zone is monitored and the amount of gas vented from the drying zone is adjusted in order to maintain the desired concentration of oxygen. In this manner, the amount of air supplied to the combustion zone is adjusted independently of the air supplied to the drying zone.

Abstract translation: 用于实现废碳氢转化催化剂再生所需的多个处理步骤的装置。 催化剂与含热氧气流接触，以便在碳氢化合物转化区中除去积聚在催化剂上的焦炭。 在焦炭在燃烧区中燃烧之后，催化剂进入卤化区，其中卤素沉积在催化剂上。 离开卤化区的催化剂进入干燥区，以除去在燃烧区中形成的水​​，该燃烧区中残留在催化剂上，而不是用燃烧气体带走。 除水是通过将热的干燥空气流通过干燥区中的催化剂来完成的。 已经通过干燥区的空气流的一部分与卤素混合地通过卤化区，而离开干燥区的空气流的平衡通过排放到大气或另一个中而从再生装置中排出 处置地点。 然后将在卤化区中使用的空气流的那部分进入燃烧区，在那里提供完成燃烧碳所需的氧气。 进入干燥区域的空气流量以达到所需干燥程度而建立的速率被控制。 监测流入燃烧区的气体的氧含量，调节从干燥区排出的气体量，以维持所需的氧气浓度。 以这种方式，供应到燃烧区域的空气量被独立于供应到干燥区域的空气进行调节。