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    Supercritical water oxidation reactor with wall conduits for boundary flow control
    103.
    发明授权
    Supercritical water oxidation reactor with wall conduits for boundary flow control 失效
    超临界水氧化反应器与壁管道进行边界流量控制

    公开(公告)号：US5387398A

    公开(公告)日：1995-02-07

    申请号：US162582

    申请日：1993-12-03

    Applicant: H. Harry Mueggenburg ,  Donald C. Rousar ,  Marvin F. Young

    Inventor： H. Harry Mueggenburg ,  Donald C. Rousar ,  Marvin F. Young

    IPC: C02F1/74 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C02F11/08 ,  B01D53/34

    CPC classification number: C02F11/086 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J2219/00155 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  Y02P20/544

    Abstract: A reactor tube for supercritical water oxidation is designed to supply a thin, continuous layer of water along the inner surface of the reaction zone by a wall lining formed of laminated platelets individually etched and superimposed to form an array of engineered fluid passages through the wall. Each passage includes a flow metering channel of closely controlled configuration to impose a preselected level of resistance to water flowing through it, plus a distribution section which distributes the water emerging from the flow metering channel over the length of a slot-shaped exit port. The exit port is arranged in conjunction with neighboring exit ports in an array over the inner surface of the reactor such that the emerging water forms a continuous film over the surface, thereby protecting the surface from corrosion and salts deposition from the supercritical reaction medium.

    Abstract translation: 用于超临界水氧化的反应器管被设计成通过由层压的血小板形成的壁衬层沿着反应区的内表面供应薄的连续的水层，所述壁衬层被分别蚀刻并叠加以形成通过壁的工程流体通道的阵列。 每个通道包括具有紧密控制构造的流量计量通道，以对流过其中的水施加预选的阻力水平，以及分配部分，其将从流量计量通道出来的水分配在狭槽形出口的长度上。 出口与反应器内表面上的阵列相邻的出口连同排列，使得出现的水在表面上形成连续的膜，从而保护表面免受来自超临界反应介质的腐蚀和盐沉积。

    Containment system for supercritical water oxidation reactor
    104.
    发明授权
    Containment system for supercritical water oxidation reactor 失效
    超临界水氧化反应器遏制系统

    公开(公告)号：US5326540A

    公开(公告)日：1994-07-05

    申请号：US798784

    申请日：1991-11-27

    Applicant: Philippe Chastagner

    Inventor： Philippe Chastagner

    IPC: B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/00 ,  G21C13/10 ,  F28D21/00

    CPC classification number: G21C13/10 ,  B01J19/002 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J3/046 ,  G21Y2002/50 ,  G21Y2004/30 ,  Y02E30/40 ,  Y02P20/544

    Abstract: A system for containment of a supercritical water oxidation reactor in the event of a rupture of the reactor. The system includes a containment for housing the reaction vessel and a communicating chamber for holding a volume of coolant, such as water. The coolant is recirculated and sprayed to entrain and cool any reactants that might have escaped from the reaction vessel. Baffles at the entrance to the chamber prevent the sprayed coolant from contacting the reaction vessel. An impact-absorbing layer is positioned between the vessel and the containment to at least partially absorb momentum of any fragments propelled by the rupturing vessel. Remote, quick-disconnecting fittings exterior to the containment, in cooperation with shut-off valves, enable the vessel to be isolated and the system safely taken off-line. Normally-closed orifices throughout the containment and chamber enable decontamination of interior surfaces when necessary.

    Abstract translation: 在反应堆破裂的情况下容纳超临界水氧化反应器的系统。 该系统包括用于容纳反应容器的容纳物和用于保持一定体积的冷却剂例如水的连通室。 冷却剂被再循环并喷雾以夹带并冷却可能从反应容器逸出的任何反应物。 在入口处的挡板防止喷射的冷却剂与反应容器接触。 冲击吸收层位于容器和容纳物之间，以至少部分地吸收由破裂容器推动的任何碎片的动量。 与封闭阀外部的远程快速断路配件与关闭阀配合使用，使船舶隔离，系统安全脱机。 在整个容器和室内的常闭孔能够在必要时对内表面进行去污染。

    Apparatus and method for delivering supercritical fluid
    105.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for delivering supercritical fluid 失效
    装置和方法提供超临界流体

    公开(公告)号：US5237824A

    公开(公告)日：1993-08-24

    申请号：US613784

    申请日：1990-10-12

    Applicant: Janusz B. Pawliszyn

    Inventor： Janusz B. Pawliszyn

    IPC: B01D11/02 ,  B01D11/04 ,  B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/04 ,  F17C7/00 ,  G01N30/02 ,  G01N30/32

    CPC classification number: G01N30/32 ,  B01D11/0203 ,  B01D11/0407 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J3/042 ,  F17C7/00 ,  F17C2205/0332 ,  F17C2205/0335 ,  F17C2221/013 ,  F17C2223/0153 ,  F17C2225/0115 ,  F17C2227/0302 ,  F17C2227/0337 ,  F17C2250/032 ,  F17C2250/043 ,  F17C2250/0439 ,  F17C2250/0626 ,  F17C2250/0631 ,  G01N2030/326 ,  G01N30/02 ,  Y02P20/544

    Abstract: A method and apparatus for delivering supercritical fluids uses one or two high pressure vessels. Each vessel is cooled below the critical temperature of the fluid while the vessel is being filled. The inlet is then closed and the vessel is heated to attain a predetermined pressure. The outlet of the vessel is then opened and supercritical fluid flows from the vessel for use in various processes such as extraction or chromatography. As the fluid flows from the high pressure vessel, the pressure is controlled by adjusting the temperature of the high pressure vessel. Usually, the temperature of the vessel will be increased as the supercritical fluid exits from the vessel. When two high pressure vessels are used, the vessels can be refilled on an alternating basis so that a continuous supply of supercritical fluid can be made available as long as it is required. The high pressure vessels can be two pieces of stainless steel tubing. The system is essentially maintenance free as there are virtually no moving parts. With previous delivery systems for high pressure fluids, high pressure pumps are used. These pumps are relatively expensive and can be subject to problems such as noise and leakage.

    Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / CA90 / 00053 Sec。 371 1990年10月12日第 102（e）日期1990年10月12日PCT 1990年2月16日提交PCT公布。 出版物WO90 / 09233 1990年8月23日。用于输送超临界流体的方法和装置使用一个或两个高压容器。 当容器被填充时，将每个容器冷却到流体的临界温度以下。 然后将入口关闭，并且将容器加热以获得预定压力。 然后打开容器的出口，超临界流体从容器流出，用于各种方法如萃取或色谱法。 当流体从高压容器流出时，通过调节高压容器的温度来控制压力。 通常，当超临界流体从容器出来时，容器的温度将增加。 当使用两个高压容器时，可以在交替的基础上重新填充容器，使得只要需要，可连续供应超临界流体。 高压容器可以是两片不锈钢管。 该系统基本上是免维护的，因为实际上没有移动部件。 使用先前的高压流体输送系统，使用高压泵。 这些泵相对昂贵，并且可能会遇到噪音和泄漏等问题。

    Gas sterilant system
    106.
    发明授权
    Gas sterilant system 失效
    气体灭菌系统

    公开(公告)号：US4908188A

    公开(公告)日：1990-03-13

    申请号：US183514

    申请日：1988-04-14

    Applicant: Raymond P. Jefferis, III ,  Phillip V. Engler ,  Aaron A. Rosenblatt

    Inventor： Raymond P. Jefferis, III ,  Phillip V. Engler ,  Aaron A. Rosenblatt

    IPC: A61L2/24 ,  B01J3/00

    CPC classification number: A61L2/24 ,  B01J3/008

    Abstract: A system for treating articles, preferably with a sterilizing, gas is disclosed. The system includes a chamber into which the articles are received and valves for supplying the sterilizing gas to the chamber and for removing the gas from the chamber after a predetermined time period. The sterilizing gas is generated on site from at least two components, thus minimizing problems in the transportation of the gas to the location. The sterilizing gas generated on site is preferably chlorine dioxide and the two components may be chlorine gas and sodium chlorite. The system includes a programmed microprocessor controller for controlling the valves executing a predetermined sequence of instructions. The predetermined sequence of instructions define a state diagram for the system having a plurality of successive states. In order to provide for system safety, the controller preferably employs a plurality of abort states to which the system returns in the event of a failure. Depending on the nature of the failure, the system automatically moves to the proper abort state.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于处理制品，优选用灭菌气体的系统。 该系统包括容纳物品的室和用于将灭菌气体供应到室并用于在预定时间段之后从室中除去气体的阀。 灭菌气体从至少两个部件在现场产生，从而最小化将气体输送到该位置的问题。 现场产生的灭菌气体优选为二氧化氯，两种成分可为氯气和亚氯酸钠。 该系统包括用于控制执行预定指令序列的阀的编程微处理器控制器。 预定的指令序列定义了具有多个连续状态的系统的状态图。 为了提供系统安全性，控制器优选地采用多个中止状态，系统在故障的情况下返回。 根据故障的性质，系统自动移动到正确的中止状态。

    Method and apparatus for enhancing chemical reactions at supercritical conditions
    107.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for enhancing chemical reactions at supercritical conditions 失效
    在超临界条件下增强化学反应的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US4792408A

    公开(公告)日：1988-12-20

    申请号：US37622

    申请日：1987-04-13

    Applicant: James A. Titmas

    Inventor： James A. Titmas

    IPC: B01J3/00 ,  B01J3/04 ,  C02F1/02 ,  B01D23/00 ,  B01D29/00 ,  C02F1/72

    CPC classification number: B01J3/008 ,  B01J3/044 ,  Y02P20/544

    Abstract: A continuously flowing fluid is processed by being fed to the top of a hydraulic downdraft column (17) which is of a height such that the pressure at the bottom thereof will approximately be at the pressure necessary to create supercritical water conditions. The fluid is conducted to the bottom of the column (17) and received in a reaction chamber (21) in which the majority of the fluid is recirculated around an annular baffle plate (24). The material in the reaction chamber (21) is heated to a temperature above that necessary to create supercritical water conditions by an independent reaction taking place in a heating chamber (32). The result is that the fluid will undergo chemical reactions at the supercritical temperature and pressure range and will be of a lower specific gravity than the unprocessed fluid. The material not being recirculated in the chamber (21) is fed to one of two updraft columns (30, 31), a start-up column (30) used to preheat the material in the downdraft column (17) during initiation of the process, and a second column ( 31) isolated from the downdraft column (17) so as not to transmit any heat thereto during normal operation of the process. The temperature of the fluid in the downdraft column (17) is thereby controlled to prevent decomposition of the material until the fluid enters the reaction chamber (21) at which time it is abruptly brought up to the supercritical water temperature.

    Abstract translation: 连续流动的流体通过进料到液压下流式塔（17）的顶部来加工，该液压下移塔（17）的高度使得其底部的压力将大致处于产生超临界水条件所需的压力。 流体被引导到塔（17）的底部并且被接纳在反应室（21）中，其中大部分流体围绕环形挡板（24）再循环。 通过在加热室（32）中发生的独立反应，将反应室（21）中的材料加热到高于通过独立反应产生超临界水条件所需的温度。 结果是流体将在超临界温度和压力范围内发生化学反应，并且比未处理的流体具有更低的比重。 在室（21）中不被再循环的材料被供给到两个上升气流柱（30,31）中的一个，用于在开始过程期间预热下吹塔（17）中的材料的启动柱（30） ，以及从下吹塔（17）隔离的第二柱（31），以便在该过程的正常操作期间不传递任何热量。 由此控制下降塔（17）中的流体的温度，以防止材料分解直到流体进入反应室（21），此时其突然升高到超临界水温。

    Steam sterilizing apparatus
    108.
    发明授权
    Steam sterilizing apparatus 失效
    蒸汽灭菌装置

    公开(公告)号：US4108601A

    公开(公告)日：1978-08-22

    申请号：US755440

    申请日：1976-12-29

    Applicant: Robert Wolff

    Inventor： Robert Wolff

    IPC: A61L2/24 ,  B01J3/00 ,  A61L3/00 ,  A61L5/00

    CPC classification number: B01J3/008 ,  A61L2/24

    Abstract: Apparatus for sterilizing laboratory and hospital glassware, liquids, instruments, garments and the like comprising a sterilizer enclosure having a steam jacket surrounding the same, a source of steam and means, connected in parallel, to supply steam to said jacket at one of two predetermined pressures, means for interconnecting said jacket and said interior of said sterilizer, and means responsive to a predetermined temperature setting for the interior of the sterilizer to selectively initiate and discontinue the supply of steam to said jacket in response to the temperature in said sterilizer. A process for sterilizing laboratory and hospital glassware, liquids, instruments, garments and the like comprising the steps of inserting the materials to be sterilized in a closed, sealed, jacketed sterilizer, introducing steam into the jacket of said sterilizer to preheat said jacket, interconnecting said jacket and the interior of said sterilizer initially to displace any air within said sterilizer; continuing to interconnect the jacket and the interior of said sterilizer; providing the jacket wth steam at one of two different predetermined pressures; sensing the temperature within said sterilizer and introducing steam into said jacket at said higher pressure in response to said temperature sensitive means to maintain a variable, predetermined temperature within said sterilizer.

    Abstract translation: 用于对实验室和医院玻璃器皿，液体，仪器，衣服等进行消毒的装置包括具有围绕其的蒸汽护套的灭菌器外壳，蒸汽源和并联连接的装置，以将两个预定的 压力，用于将所述护套和所述灭菌器的所述内部相互连接的装置，以及响应于所述灭菌器内部的预定温度设置的装置，以响应于所述灭菌器中的温度来选择性地启动和停止向所述护套供应蒸汽。 用于对实验室和医院玻璃器皿，液体，仪器，衣服等进行消毒的方法包括以下步骤：将灭菌材料插入封闭的密封的夹套灭菌器中，将蒸汽引入所述灭菌器的护套中以预热所述护套，互连 所述夹套和所述消毒器的内部最初用于置换所述灭菌器内的任何空气; 继续将夹套和所述灭菌器的内部相互连接; 以两种不同的预定压力之一提供所述蒸汽套管; 感测所述灭菌器内的温度并响应于所述温度敏感装置在所述较高压力下将蒸汽引入所述夹套，以在所述灭菌器内保持可变的预定温度。

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