Abstract:
The objective is to provide a high-pressure treatment apparatus with which the pressure or temperature in a treatment chamber can be efficiently adjusted in a short period of time without an overall significant increase in the size or complication of the apparatus. The high-pressure treatment apparatus has a pressure-resistant container having pressure-resistant walls surrounding a treatment chamber, a lid member that closes an open end of the pressure-resistant container, a supply means that supplies a process fluid into the treatment chamber, a partition wall that is thinner than the pressure-resistant wall and is provided along the inside surface of said pressure-resistant container to form a partitioned chamber with said inside surface, and a heat transfer control means. Said heat transfer control means controls heat transfer between said treatment chamber and said partitioned chamber by heating or cooling a heating medium outside the container and feeding said heating medium into said partitioned chamber.
Abstract:
An instrument for carrying out controlled microwave assisted chemical processes, and that is particularly useful for handling relatively small samples. The instrument includes a microwave-transparent reaction vessel with an open mouth, a pressure-resistant seal on the mouth of the vessel, and a needle, portions of which penetrate the seal with a first end of the needle and provide fluid communication into the vessel. A pressure transducer is at the opposite end of the needle and in fluid communication with the interior of the vessel through the needle. The instrument defines a pressure control flow path from a portion of the needle outside of the vessel to a fluid port, the flow path being in communication with the needle, the interior of the vessel and the transducer. A controllable pressure release valve for the flow path is associated with the port.
Abstract:
A vessel assembly is disclosed for high pressure high temperature chemistry. The vessel assembly includes a cylindrical vessel and a cylindrical vessel seal cover. The vessel and the seal cover have respective surfaces that, when engaged, define a circumferential interior passage between the vessel and the seal cover. A pressure release opening in the seal cover is in fluid communication with the circumferential passage. A retaining ring surrounds the vessel and the seal cover at the position where the vessel and the seal cover meet to maintain an outer circumferential engagement between the seal cover and the vessel when pressure forces gases in the vessel to flow into the circumferential passage and then outwardly from the pressure release opening.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a belt discharger (1) for sealing a first space (2) with respect to a second space (3), the two spaces (2, 3) being passed by a belt (4), especially a metal belt, the spaces (2, 3) being sealed through provision of at least two rollers (5, 6) which adjoin the belt (4) with sealing on both sides. In order to achieve improved sealing action, the invention envisages that at least one roller (5, 6), in one of its axial end regions (7), has a sealing element (8) which is designed to laterally adjoin the belt edge (9) of the belt (4), with provision of adjustment means (10) with which the roller (5, 6) including sealing element (8) can be positioned in axial direction (a).
Abstract:
Compounds, synthesis of, and methods for synthesizing metal alkoxide derivatives; and metal alkoxide derivatives for use as flame retardants are described. Group 13 metal alkoxides having flame retardant properties may be prepared by reacting the group 13 metal trihydroxide with an alcohol.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to processes and apparatus for improving municipal waste treatment in autoclave processes. Improvements relate to the use of air-waste stream treatment, indirect heating with thermal fluid, forced steam transfer, autoclave design, waste treatment of contaminated air,classifiers for better separation of fibres from glass or grit and processing. The improvements allow more efficient, safer and environmentally friendly processing, and better end products.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for processing materials in supercritical fluids is disclosed. The apparatus includes a capsule configured to contain a supercritical fluid, a high strength enclosure disposed about the capsule and a sensor configured to sense pressure difference between an interior and an exterior of the capsule. The apparatus also includes a pressure control device configured to adjust pressure difference of the capsule in response to the pressure difference sensed by the sensor. The apparatus further includes at least one dividing structure disposed within the capsule that divides the capsule into a seed growing chamber and a nutrient chamber.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a sealing gate (1) for strips for sealing a first chamber (2) in relation to a second chamber (3), a strip (4), in particular a metal strip, passing through both chambers (2, 3) and at least one sealing element (5) being provided for sealing the chambers (2, 3). The aim of the invention is to achieve an effective sealing action. To achieve this, the sealing element (5) has at least two gate elements (6, 7, 8, 9) that can be displaced in relation to one another and that have at least one sealing surface (10, 11, 12, 13), which is adapted to the edge contour of the strip (4) to be sealed.
Abstract:
An apparatus for treating material includes a pressure vessel and an agitation device for agitating the material received in the pressure vessel. The agitation device may include a drum which may be rotatably arranged inside the pressure vessel and which has an inner space for receiving the material that is introduced into the pressure vessel. The agitation device may include one or more agitation blades mounted in the drum so as to act on the material received in the inner space of the drum as the drum rotates in relation to the pressure vessel. A drive mechanism may rotate the drum in relation to the pressure vessel. Waste, such as garbage, may be treated with steam and pressure using the apparatus.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method, for processing solid waste to produce a solid fuel product and a recycling stream, involves an elongated, generally cylindrical shape rotating pressure vessel that can use the effects of heat, humidity and pressure to convert the solid waste into a burnable fuel and can produce a glass, a metal or a plastic recycle stream. The pressure vessel is adapted to be rotated along its axis or rotation in order to ensure close contact between the solid waste and internal humidity at elevated temperatures and pressures to result in the conversion of the solid waste into a useful fuel and recycle stream. The driving mechanism and support structure for the vessel requires substantial strength and resistance to wear. The pressure vessel of the invention, while requiring rotation around its axis of rotation, also requires the pressure vessel to be movable in the vertical plane. Accordingly, the pressure vessel rotates on its axis of rotation and moves through an are in the vertical plane for charging, processing and discharge. The support structure for the vessel must both support the weight of the vessel and cause the vessel to rotate along its axis of rotation. The support system maintains the pressure vessel in a useful position throughout its axis of rotation and through its angle of orientation. The invention involves a support structure and drive mechanism that can actuate the rotational and arcuate movement.