Abstract:
BERYLLIUM CHROMITES, ESPECIALLY THOSE PROMOTED WITH ALUMINUM, HAVE BEEN FOUND TO BE COMPARABLE TO CHROMIA-ALUMINA TYPE DEHYDROGENATION CATALYSTS, FOR EXAMPLE, IN THE DEHYDROGENATION OF N-BUTANE. THE ALUMINUM IS EITHER ADDED TO THE PREFORMED BERYLLIUM CHROMITE OR IS INCOPORATED INTO THE SPINEL STRUCTURE OF THE CHROMITE ITSELF OR ADDED IN BOTH WAYS. THE ALUMINUM CAN BE PRESENT IN THE CATALYST FROM ALL SOURCES IN AN ATOMIC RATIO OF A1:CR OF 0.0004 TO 1.2:1. THE ATOMIC RATIO WILL MORE USUALLY BE 0.04 TO 0.8:1, A1:CR.
Abstract:
SUPPORTED CATALYSTS ARE PREPARED BY COATING A SUPPORT WITH POLYMERIZED ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACID, CONTAINING THE COATED SUPPORT WITH IONS OF CATALYTICALLY ACTIVE METALS AND THEN HEATING TO 100-450*C. TO DECARBOXYLATE THE POLYMERIZED ACID AND CONVERT THE METAL IONS INTO DISCRETE LESS THAN 1000 A. PARTICLES OF METAL OF METAL OXIDE. SILVER CATALYSTS ACTIVE AND SELECTIVE FOR ETHYLENE OXIDE PRODUCTION ARE PREPARED BY THIS PROCESS.
Abstract:
Method of preparing temperature resistant exhaust oxidation catalysts suitable for use in land vehicle exhaust systems comprising a porous ceramic base impregnated with suitable oxidizing agents and the resulting catalysts. The porous ceramic base is prepared from a ceramic powder filled, plasticized polyolefin.
Abstract:
A CATALYSTIC COMPOSITE COMPRISING A COMBINATION OF CATALYTICALLY EFFECTIVE AMOUNTS OF A PLATINUM GROUP COMPONENT, A TIN COMPONENT AND A HALOGEN COMPONENT WITH A POROUS CARRIER MATERIAL IS DISCLOSED. THE PLATINUM GROUP, TIN AND HALOGEN COMPONENTS ARE PRESENT IN THE COMPOSITE IN AMOUNTS, CALCULATED ONAN ELEMENTAL BASIS, OF ABOUT 0.01 TO ABOUT 2 WT. PERCENT PLANTINUM GROUP METAL, ABOUT 0.01 TO ABOUT 5 WT. PERCENT TIN, AND ABOUT 0.1 TO ABOUT 3.5 WT. PERCENT HALOGEN. MOREOVER, THE TIN COMPONENT IS UNIFORMLY DISPERSED THROUGHOUT THE POROUS CARRIER MATERIAL IN A PARTICULE SIZE HAVING A MAXIMUM DEMENSION LESS THAN 100* A., AND SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THE PLATINUM GROUP COMPONENT IS PRESENT AS THE ELEMENTAL METAL AND SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THE TIN IS PRESENT IN AN OXIDATION STATE ABOVE THAT OF THE ELEMENTAL METAL. THE PRINCIPAL UTILITY OF THE SUBJECT COMPOSITE IS IN THE CONVERSION OF HYDROCARBONS, PARTICULARLY IN THE REFORMING OF A GASOLINE FRACTION. A SPECIFIC EXAMPLE OF THE CATALYST DISCLOSED IS A COMBINATION OF A PLATINUM GROUP METAL, TIN OXIDE AND HALOGEN WITH AN ALUMINA CARRIER MATERIAL WHEREIN THE TIN OXIDE COMPONENT IS UNIFORMLY DISPERSED THROUGHOUT THE ALUMINA CARRIER MATERIAL IN A RELATIVELY SMALL PARTICLE SIZE AND WHEREIN THE COMPOSITE CONTAINS ON AN ELEMENTAL BASIS 0.01 TO 2 WT. PERCENT PLATINUM METAL, 0.01 TO 5 WT. PERCENT TIN AND ABOUT 0.1 TO 3.5 WT. PERCENT HALOGEN.
Abstract:
THE EXHAUST GAS DISCHARGED FROM INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES OR THE LIKE IS TREATED TO CONVERT HARMFUL OR NOXIOUS POLLUTANT COMPONENTS SUCH AS NITROGEN OXIDES, CARBON MONOXIDE AND UNBURNED HYDROCARBONS TO INNOCOUS COMPOUNDS, BY CONTACTING THE EXHAUST GAS WITH TWO STAGES IN SERIES OF A CATALYST COMPOSITION CONTAINING 5.0 TO 12.0% BY WEIGHT OF COPPER AS A EQUIVALENT COPPER OXIDE AND 0.5 TO 4.0% BY WEIGHT OF COBALT AS EQUIVALENT COBALT OXIDE, DEPOSITED ON PARTICLES OF ALPHA ALUMINA. THE CATALYST MAY ALSO CONTAIN A SMALL PORPROTION OF MANGANESE. AIR IS INJECTED INTO THE PARTIALLY REACTED EXHAUST GAS BETWEEN STAGES, SO THAT A REDUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDES TAKES PLACE IN THE FIRST CATALYTIC STAGE OR BED, AND OXIDATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE AND HYDROCARBONS TO INNOCUOUS COMPOUNDS SUCH AS CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER VAPOR TAKES PLACE IN THE SECOND CATALYTIC STAGE OR BED.
Abstract:
NOVEL HYDROREFORMING CATALYSTS ARE DISCLOSED WHICH IMPROVE THE REFORMING OF HYDDROCARBON FEEDS. THESE NOVEL CATALYSTS ARE A COMBINATION OF THE PLATIMUM GROUP METALS WITH TIN AND/OR LEAD.
Abstract:
SUPPORTED RUTHENIUM CATALYSTS ARE MODERATED WITH AN ALKALI METAL HYDROXIDE OR ALKOXIDE BY MIXING THE SUPPORTED CATALYST AND THE ALKALI METAL COMPOUND IN THE REACTION MEDIUM OF A HYDROGENATION PROCESS WHICH MAY CONTAIN UP TO 5% OF WATER, AT A TEMPERATURE RANGING FROM ABOUT 30*C TO ABOUT 300*C. THE MODERATED CATALYST IS AN EFFECTIVE HYDROGENATION CATALYST FOR THE HYDROGENATION OF AROMATC AMINES TO THE CORRESPONDING SATURATED CYCLIC AMINES.
Abstract:
A CATALYST OXIDATION BURNER UNIT FOR THE FLAMELESS COMBUSTION OF GASEOUS CARBONACEOUS FUEL COMPRISING A GAS PERMEABLE, COMPOSITE FIBER POROUS BODY OF AN INTIMATE ADMIXTURE OF ASBESTOS FIBER AND CERAMIC TYPE REFRACTORY FIBER CONTAINING A DEPOSITED METAL CATALYST.
Abstract:
A CATALYTIC COMPOSITE, COMPRISING A COMBINATION OF CATALYTICALLY EFFECTIVE AMOUNTS OF A PLATINUM GROUP COMPONENT, A GROUP IV-A METALLIC COMPONENT, A GROUP VA METALLIC COMPONENT AND AN ALKALI OR ALKALINE EARTH COMPONENT WITH AN ALUMINA CARRIER MATERIAL, IS DISCLOSED. A SPECIFIC EXAMPLE OF THE DISCLOSED COMPOSITE IS A CONBINATION OF CATALYTICALLY EFFECTIVE AMOUNTS OF A PLATINUM COMPONENT, A GERMANIUM COMPONENT, AN ARSENIC COMPONENT AND AN ALKALI OR ALKALINE EARTH COMPONENT WITH AN ALUMINA CARRIER MATERIAL. PRINCIPAL USES OF THIS COMPOSITE IS IN A METHOD FOR THE DEHYDROGENATION OF A DEHYDROGENABLE HYDROCARBON AND PARTICULARLY FOR THE DEHYDROGENATION OF LONG CHAIN NORMAL PARAFFINS TO PRODUCE NORMAL MONO-OLEFINS OF THE SAME CARBON NUMBER.
Abstract:
PROCESSES ARE DISCLOSED FOR THE PREPARATION OF GAS MIXTURES HAVING A STABLE, CONTROLLED CONTENT OF WATER VAPOR. THE INVENTION IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE CATALYTIC CONVERSION TO WATER OF ACCURATELY DETERMINED QUANITITIES OF HY-
DROGEN AND OXYGEN CONTAINED IN THE GAS TO BE HUMIDIFIED. THE PROCESSES ARE SUITABLE FOR USE IN BOTH CYLINDER AND PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION OF GASES.