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    Foam inhibition in hydrocarbon oils
    123.
    发明授权
    Foam inhibition in hydrocarbon oils 失效
    烃油中的泡沫抑制

    公开(公告)号：US2862885A

    公开(公告)日：1958-12-02

    申请号：US48265755

    申请日：1955-01-18

    Applicant: UNION CARBIDE CORP

    Inventor： NELSON RUDOLPH S ,  WEST CHARLES W

    IPC: C07F7/18 ,  C10L1/28

    CPC classification number: C10L1/285 ,  C07F7/182 ,  C10M1/08 ,  C10M2205/024 ,  C10M2205/026 ,  C10M2207/125 ,  C10M2207/129 ,  C10M2207/282 ,  C10M2207/34 ,  C10M2209/103 ,  C10M2209/109 ,  C10M2219/044 ,  C10M2219/087 ,  C10M2219/088 ,  C10M2219/089 ,  C10M2225/041 ,  C10M2227/04 ,  C10N2210/00 ,  C10N2240/08

    Abstract: The tendency of an oil to foam is inhibited by adding to the oil a homopolymer derived from a silane monomer of formula wherein R is a C1-C18 monovalent hydrocarbon group comprising an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkaryl group, R1 is a C1-C18 alkyl or alkyloxyalkyl group, R11 is a vinyl, allyl or cyclohexenyl group, x is 0, 1 or 2, y is 1, 2 or 3 and the sum of x and y is 3. Polymerization takes place through the R11 groups to produce a carbon-to-carbon chain, so that the polymers are not polysiloxanes. The oil may be a mineral or synthetic lubricating oil or a ligher petroleum fraction such as gasoline or kerosene. Synthetic lubricating oils mentioned are polymerized unsaturated hydrocarbons (e.g. polybutenes, polypropenes and mixtures of these), polyalkylene glycols and esters thereof, and the aliphatic diesters of dicarboxylic acids (e.g. butyl, hexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, decyl and lauryl esters of sebacic, adipic or azelaic acid). The homopolymers may be derived from vinylalkoxy-, allylalkoxy- or cyclohexenylalkoxy-silanes or mixtures of these. In particular, homopolymers derived from vinyltriethoxy-, vinyltributoxy-, vinylbutyldiethoxy-, vinyldibutylethoxy-, vinylhexyldibutoxy-, vinyldiphenylethoxy-, vinylphenyldiethoxy-silane may be employed. The homopolymers may be employed in lubricating oils in conjunction with other additives, such as extreme pressure agents, viscosity index improvers, oiliness agents and detergents. Specified detergents are phosphosulphurized hydrocarbons (e.g. phosphosulphurized polybutylene) neutralized with sodium or potassium hydroxide, alkaline earth petroleum sulphonates, alkaline earth phenyl stearates and alkaline earth alkyl phenol sulphides. In the examples, toluene or kerosene solutions of polyvinyltriethoxysilanes are added to a lubricating composition consisting of mineral oil and lecithin. For comparison purposes, the effect of adding toluene or kerosene solutions of dimethylsilicones to the same lubricating composition is described.ALSO:Homopolymers derived from a silane monomer of formula wherein R is a C1-C18 monovalent hydrocarbon group comprising an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkaryl group, R1 is a C1-C18 alkyl or alkoxyalkyl group, R11 is a vinyl, allyl or cyclohexenyl group, x is 0, 1 or 2, y is 1, 2 or 3 and the sum of x and y is 3, are employed in oils as anti-foam agents (see Group III). Polymerization takes place through the R11 groups to produce a carbon-to-carbon chain, so that the polymers are not polysiloxanes. The monomers may be polymerized at elevated temperature and in the presence of di-t-butyl peroxide as catalyst, employing an inert, substantially anhydrous atmosphere, for example of nitrogen, argon or carbon dioxide. In examples, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinylethyldiethoxysilane, vinylphenyldiethoxysilane or vinyldiphenylethoxysilane are polymerized.

    Diesel fuel compositions
    126.
    发明授权
    Diesel fuel compositions 有权

    公开(公告)号：US09932535B2

    公开(公告)日：2018-04-03

    申请号：US14236759

    申请日：2012-08-02

    Applicant: Jacqueline Reid

    Inventor： Jacqueline Reid

    IPC: C10L1/22 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/238 ,  C10L1/2383 ,  C10L10/18 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/198 ,  C10L1/2387 ,  C10L1/28

    CPC classification number: C10L10/04 ,  C10L1/146 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/198 ,  C10L1/238 ,  C10L1/2383 ,  C10L1/2387 ,  C10L1/285 ,  C10L10/18 ,  C10L2270/026 ,  C10L2300/20

    Abstract: A diesel fuel composition comprising a first additive (i) comprising a quaternary ammonium salt and a second additive (ii) comprising a Mannich reaction product; wherein the quaternary ammonium salt additive (i) is formed by the reaction of a compound of formula (A): R O O R1 10 (A) and a compound formed by the reaction of a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent and an amine of formula (B1) or (B2): 15 N X R3 R2 NHR4 N X R3 R2 [O(CH2)m]nOH (B1) (B2) wherein R is an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkylaryl group; R1 is a C1 to C22 alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group; wherein R2 and R3 are the same or different alkyl, alkenyl or aryl groups having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; X is a bond or alkylene group having from 1 to 20 20 carbon atoms; n is from 0 to 20; m is from 1 to 5; and R4 is hydrogen or a C1 to C22 alkyl group; and wherein the Mannich reaction product additive (ii) is the product of a Mannich reaction between: (d) an aldehyde; (e) an amine; and25 (f) a substituted phenol; wherein the phenol is substituted with at least one branched hydrocarbyl group having a molecular weight of between 200 and 3000.

    Systems and methods for producing engineered fuel feedstocks with reduced chlorine content
    130.
    发明授权
    Systems and methods for producing engineered fuel feedstocks with reduced chlorine content 有权
    用于生产具有降低的氯含量的工程燃料原料的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US08999014B2

    公开(公告)日：2015-04-07

    申请号：US13891530

    申请日：2013-05-10

    Applicant: MPH Energy LLC

    Inventor： Dingrong Bai

    IPC: C10L5/40 ,  C10L1/12 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L9/08 ,  C10L5/36

    CPC classification number: C10L5/406 ,  C10L5/08 ,  C10L5/363 ,  C10L9/08 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L2200/029 ,  C10L2230/02 ,  C10L2290/02 ,  C10L2290/06 ,  C10L2290/24 ,  C10L2290/28 ,  C10L2290/30 ,  C10L2290/54 ,  Y02E50/30

    Abstract: Systems and methods for producing engineered fuels from municipal solid waste material are described herein. In some embodiments, a method includes combining a first waste stream that includes at least one of hard plastic, soft plastic and mixed plastic with a sorbent and increasing the temperature of the combined first waste stream and sorbent to a temperature of at least about 200° C. The method further includes combining the thermally treated first waste stream and sorbent with a second waste stream that includes fiber, and compressing the combined first waste stream, sorbent, and second waste stream to form a densified engineered fuel feedstock.

    Abstract translation: 本文描述了用于从城市固体废物材料生产工程燃料的系统和方法。 在一些实施方案中，一种方法包括将包括硬塑料，软塑料和混合塑料中的至少一种的第一废物流与吸附剂组合，并将组合的第一废物流和吸附剂的温度升高至至少约200℃ 该方法还包括将经热处理的第一废物流和吸附剂与包括纤维的第二废物流组合，以及压缩组合的第一废物流，吸附剂和第二废物流以形成致密化的工程燃料原料。

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