公开(公告)号：US07611576B2

公开(公告)日：2009-11-03

申请号：US11393195

申请日：2006-03-30

Applicant: Yuriy Rabiner

Inventor： Yuriy Rabiner

IPC: C04B7/14

CPC classification number: F23G5/006 ,  B09B3/00 ,  C10B47/30 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/04 ,  F23G5/16 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2201/602 ,  F23G2201/701 ,  F23G2202/104 ,  F23G2206/10 ,  F23G2900/00001 ,  F23G2900/50205 ,  F23G2900/50401 ,  Y02E20/12 ,  Y02P20/129

Abstract: A municipal or like refuse is crushing, mixing with crushed limestone, dry up in two stages—by hot air and by part of solid products of pyrolysis which other part goes on washing out and filtration. Pyrolysis is carried out in two stages—due to heat of the specified part of solid products of pyrolysis and simultaneous neutralization of allocated hydrogen chloride by limestone with reception of calcium chloride, and then due to heat of final chimney gases of the combustion chamber, where in three stages the washed solid products of pyrolysis preliminary drained by a part of combustion chamber slag are burnt together with liquid and gaseous products of pyrolysis. Gas allocated at pyrolysis condense and divide on organic, which is liquid fuel and water phases. Air after a dryer moves to blowing away of light organic substances from the specified water phase, is heated up due to heat of slag and moves in combustion chamber. Washing water goes on allocation of salts of heavy metals and calcium chloride, and slag after molding of a concrete mixture goes to the chamber of thermohumid processing of the slag concrete by a part of damp chimney gases after drying calcium chloride, other part of gases moves to manufacture of liquid carbon dioxide.

Abstract translation: 市政或类似的垃圾粉碎，与粉碎的石灰石混合，分两个阶段干燥 - 热空气和部分热解固体产物，其他部分进行清洗和过滤。 热分解由两个阶段进行 - 由于特定部分的热解固体产物的热量，并且由接收氯化钙的石灰石同时中和所分配的氯化氢，然后由于燃烧室的最终烟囱气体的热量，其中 在三个阶段中，通过一部分燃烧室炉渣预先排出的经过热分解的洗涤固体产物与热解的液体和气体产物一起燃烧。 在热解过程中分配的气体有机分解，分为液体燃料和水相。 干燥器之后的空气移动以从指定的水相吹走轻质有机物质，由于炉渣的热量而被加热并在燃烧室中移动。 洗涤水分配重金属和氯化钙的盐，混凝土混合物成型后的炉渣在干燥氯化钙后，通过一部分潮湿的烟囱气体进入炉渣混合物的热湿机加工室，其他部分气体移动 制造液态二氧化碳。

公开(公告)号：US20080108495A1

公开(公告)日：2008-05-08

申请号：US11547746

申请日：2005-04-07

Applicant: Tsen Meng Tang ,  Hsing Loong Tan ,  Danmei Wang

Inventor： Tsen Meng Tang ,  Hsing Loong Tan ,  Danmei Wang

IPC: A62D3/36 ,  C04B33/00

CPC classification number: A62D3/33 ,  A62D2101/24 ,  A62D2101/43 ,  B09B3/005 ,  B09C1/067 ,  C02F11/008 ,  C02F2101/20 ,  C03C1/002 ,  C04B33/1327 ,  C04B33/30 ,  C04B33/32 ,  C04B35/62605 ,  C04B35/6261 ,  C04B35/6263 ,  C04B35/62655 ,  C04B35/63 ,  C04B35/6313 ,  C04B35/6316 ,  C04B2235/3217 ,  C04B2235/3218 ,  C04B2235/3427 ,  C04B2235/3463 ,  C04B2235/6562 ,  F23G5/006 ,  F23G5/02 ,  F23G5/085 ,  F23G7/00 ,  F23G2201/701 ,  F23G2201/702 ,  F23G2202/20 ,  F23G2209/12 ,  F23G2209/24 ,  F23G2209/30 ,  G21F9/305 ,  Y02P40/69

Abstract: A method is provided for heavy metal stabilisation comprising: mixing waste, comprising heavy metals, with molecular sieve with the proviso that carbon-based molecular sieve is excluded, and clay; and vitrifying the mixture. In particular, a method comprising the steps of: preparing a pre-stabilised mixture by mixing waste, comprising heavy metals, with the molecular sieve, and optionally other chemicals; mixing the pre-stabilised mixture with clay; and vitrifying the obtained mixture is provided. It also provides a product comprising heavy metals that have been stabilised into the structure of the clay-based ceramic matrix, wherein the product is a vitrified product of a mixture of at least waste, comprising heavy metals, molecular sieve (with the proviso that carbon-based molecular sieve is excluded) and clay.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于重金属稳定化的方法，其包括：将包含重金属的废物与分子筛混合，条件是排除碳基分子筛和粘土; 并使混合物玻璃化。 特别地，一种方法包括以下步骤：通过将包含重金属的废物与分子筛和任选的其它化学品混合来制备预稳定的混合物; 将预稳定的混合物与粘土混合; 并提供所得混合物的玻璃化。 它还提供了一种包含已经稳定在粘土基陶瓷基体的结构中的重金属的产品，其中该产品是至少包含重金属的废物的混合物的玻璃化产物，分子筛（条件是碳 的分子筛）和粘土。

公开(公告)号：US06820564B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-23

申请号：US10398398

申请日：2003-09-26

Applicant: Valeri G. Gnedenko ,  Alexandre L. Souris ,  David Pegaz

Inventor： Valeri G. Gnedenko ,  Alexandre L. Souris ,  David Pegaz

IPC: F23N500

CPC classification number: C10B19/00 ,  C10B53/00 ,  F23G5/085 ,  F23G5/24 ,  F23G5/50 ,  F23G2201/40 ,  F23G2201/701 ,  F23G2202/20 ,  F23G2204/201 ,  F23G2207/60

Abstract: One or more auxiliary plasma torches are provided to a waste processing plant at strategic locations within the chamber and directed towards the waste column. When a bridge forms within the chamber the auxiliary plasma torches may be operated such as to provide an additional heat source where needed, quickly heating the organic solids, which thus pass through the bituminsation and charcoal formation stages quickly. The additional heat source may be in the neighborhood of the bridge, but may also be near the bottom end of the chamber, in which case the additional temperature at the bottom of the chamber effectively moves the combustion and gasification zones for the charcoal to a higher part of the chamber, altering the temperature profile. The heat source also enables the inorganic wastes to be heated rapidly to pass beyond the melting stage relatively quickly. The debridging process may be further enhanced by providing secondary plasma torches at various levels upwards of the primary torches, the secondary torches at any level being operated as and when needed to achieve the desired effect.

Abstract translation: 一个或多个辅助等离子体炬被提供到废物处理设备中，并且被引导到废物塔。 当在室内形成桥时，可以操作辅助等离子体炬，以便在需要时提供额外的热源，从而快速加热有机固体，从而快速地通过沥青和木炭形成阶段。 附加的热源可以在桥的附近，但也可以在室的底端附近，在这种情况下，室底部的附加温度有效地将用于木炭的燃烧和气化区移动到更高的温度 部分腔室，改变温度曲线。 热源还使得无机废物被快速加热以相对快速地超过熔融阶段。 通过在主火炬的上方提供各种级别的辅助等离子体炬，可以进一步增强迂回过程，任何水平的次级炬在需要时进行操作以实现期望的效果。

公开(公告)号：US20040074425A1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-22

申请号：US10398398

申请日：2003-09-26

Inventor： Valeri G. Gnedenko ,  Alexandre L. Souris ,  David Pegaz

IPC: F23G005/12 ,  F23G005/00

CPC classification number: C10B19/00 ,  C10B53/00 ,  F23G5/085 ,  F23G5/24 ,  F23G5/50 ,  F23G2201/40 ,  F23G2201/701 ,  F23G2202/20 ,  F23G2204/201 ,  F23G2207/60

Abstract: One or more auxiliary plasma torches are provided to a waste processing plant at strategic locations within the chamber and directed towards the waste column. When a bridge forms within the chamber the auxiliary plasma torches may be operated such as to provide an additional heat source where needed, quickly heating the organic solids, which thus pass through the bituminsation and charcoal formation stages quickly. The additional heat source may be in the neighborhood of the bridge, but may also be near the bottom end of the chamber, in which case the additional temperature at the bottom of the chamber effectively moves the combustion and gasification zones for the charcoal to a higher part of the chamber, altering the temperature profile. The heat source also enables the inorganic wastes to be heated rapidly to pass beyond the melting stage relatively quickly. The debridging process may be further enhanced by providing secondary plasma torches at various levels upwards of the primary torches, the secondary torches at any level being operated as and when needed to achieve the desired effect.

Abstract translation: 一个或多个辅助等离子体炬被提供到废物处理设备中，并且被引导到废物塔。 当在室内形成桥时，可以操作辅助等离子体炬，以便在需要时提供额外的热源，从而快速加热有机固体，从而快速地通过沥青和木炭形成阶段。 附加的热源可以在桥的附近，但也可以在室的底端附近，在这种情况下，室底部的附加温度有效地将用于木炭的燃烧和气化区移动到更高的温度 部分腔室，改变温度曲线。 热源还使得无机废物被快速加热以相对快速地超过熔融阶段。 通过在主火炬的上方提供各种级别的辅助等离子体炬，可以进一步增强迂回过程，任何水平的次级炬在需要时进行操作以实现期望的效果。

公开(公告)号：US20030196517A1

公开(公告)日：2003-10-23

申请号：US10396516

申请日：2003-03-26

Applicant: Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho(Kobe Steel, Ltd.)

Inventor： Takao Harada ,  Haruyasu Michishita ,  Hidetoshi Tanaka ,  Hiroshi Tamazawa ,  Hiroshi Sugitatsu

IPC: C22B011/10

CPC classification number: F23G7/14 ,  B09B3/00 ,  B09B3/0083 ,  B09C1/06 ,  F23G2201/50 ,  F23G2201/602 ,  F23G2201/701 ,  F23G2209/30 ,  F23G2900/50209

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of purifying polluted soil and/or burned ash containing heavy metals and/or organic compounds with a higher throughput than a conventional method. In this method, polluted soil and/or burned ash is dried by, for example, a rotary dryer so that the moisture content is 5% by mass or less, preferably 3% by mass or less, and then large lumps having a particle diameter of 10 mm or more are removed by a vibrating screen. Only an undersize portion is formed into a briquette having a volume of about 6 cm3 by a press molding machine. The briquette is charged in a rotary hearth furnace together with the large lumps, and heated in the furnace to remove or detoxify the heavy metals and organic compounds by evaporation with high efficiency.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种净化污染土壤和/或含有重金属和/或有机化合物的烧灰的方法，其具有比常规方法更高的产量。 在该方法中，通过例如旋转式干燥机将污染的土壤和/或燃烧灰分干燥，使得水分含量为5质量％以下，优选为3质量％以下，然后将具有粒径 10mm以上的振动筛除去。 仅通过压制成型机将小尺寸部分形成为具有约6cm 3体积的压块。 将煤块与大块结块一起装入旋转炉床炉中，并在炉内加热，以高效蒸发除去或解毒重金属和有机化合物。

公开(公告)号：US20020192608A1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-19

申请号：US10149376

申请日：2002-06-12

Inventor： Patrick Flament ,  Pierre Lacaze ,  Mouloud Hendou ,  Christophe Teulet

IPC: F23C005/32 ,  F23D011/44

CPC classification number: F23G7/001 ,  F23G5/32 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G2201/701 ,  Y02E20/12

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and to a device intended for spontaneous combustion of a fuel comprising organic, vegetable or mineral materials, the device comprising a combustion chamber, at least one fuel injection means, at least one air inlet, hot fumes discharge means. Chamber (1) comprises a cylindrical shell (11), the discharge means comprise a pipe (6) having the same axis as the chamber and arranged inside said chamber, and fuel injection means (7) is arranged substantially tangential to said cylindrical shell so that the fuel follows a circular motion around said pipe in the chamber.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于包括有机，植物或矿物材料的燃料自发燃烧的方法和装置，所述装置包括燃烧室，至少一个燃料喷射装置，至少一个空气入口，热烟雾排出装置 。 腔室（1）包括圆柱形壳体（11），排出装置包括具有与腔室相同的轴线并布置在所述腔室内的管道（6），并且燃料喷射装置（7）基本上与所述圆柱形壳体相切地布置 燃料沿腔室周围的管道循环运动。

公开(公告)号：US20020152937A1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-24

申请号：US10034118

申请日：2002-01-03

Inventor： Terry J. Logan ,  Ervin L. Faulmann

IPC: F23C001/12 ,  F23B007/00 ,  F23C001/10

CPC classification number: C05F11/00 ,  C10L5/42 ,  C10L5/44 ,  C10L5/46 ,  C10L5/48 ,  F23G5/02 ,  F23G7/001 ,  F23G2201/10 ,  F23G2201/701 ,  F23G2201/702 ,  F23G2204/101 ,  F23G2209/22 ,  F23G2209/26 ,  F23G2900/7003 ,  Y02E20/12 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/30 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02P20/145

Abstract: Processes and systems are provided that include introducing ammonia liberated from organic waste to a coal burner in a coal burning power plant, preferably for NOx removal at the power plant. The ammonia is preferably either ammonia liberated upon drying a mixture of organic waste and coal combustion by-products or ammonia liberated when organic waste is mixed with coal combustion by-products and one or more alkaline additives. Also provided are processes and systems of fueling a coal burner of a power plant with coal and either a dried mixture of organic waste and coal combustion by-products, or a mixture of organic waste, coal combustion by-products and one or more alkaline additives. The present invention is further directed to mixtures of either organic waste and coal combustion by-products, or mixtures of organic waste, coal combustion by-products and alkaline additives made by the processes of the present invention.

Abstract translation: 提供的方法和系统包括将有机废物中释放的氨引入燃煤发电厂的煤燃烧器，优选在发电厂进行NOx去除。 氨优选是在有机废物和煤燃烧副产物的混合物干燥时释放的氨或当有机废物与煤燃烧副产物和一种或多种碱性添加剂混合时释放的氨。 还提供了用燃煤加燃煤的煤燃烧器和有机废物和煤燃烧副产物的干混合物或有机废物，煤燃烧副产物和一种或多种碱性添加剂的混合物的方法和系统 。 本发明还涉及有机废物和煤燃烧副产物，或有机废物的混合物，煤燃烧副产物和通过本发明的方法制备的碱性添加剂的混合物。

公开(公告)号：US06401633B2

公开(公告)日：2002-06-11

申请号：US09835542

申请日：2001-04-16

Applicant: Thomas J. Baudhuin

Inventor： Thomas J. Baudhuin

IPC: F23C900

CPC classification number: F23J15/006 ,  F23G5/006 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G2201/701 ,  F23G2202/20 ,  F23G2900/00001 ,  F23J15/025 ,  F23J15/06 ,  F23J2215/50 ,  F23J2219/70 ,  F23J2900/15061 ,  F23L7/007 ,  F23L2900/07001 ,  F23L2900/07006 ,  F23L2900/07007 ,  Y02E20/322 ,  Y02E20/324 ,  Y02E20/344 ,  Y02E20/363 ,  Y10S62/928

Abstract: An apparatus for treating organic waste material characterized by high ash content is disclosed. The apparatus includes a slagging combustor for burning the organic waste material to produce a slag of molten inorganic ash and exhaust gases, a cooler for receiving the exhaust gases from the combustor and cooling the exhaust gases, a condenser for receiving cooled exhaust gases from the cooler and drying the cooled exhaust gases, an exhaust gas recirculation conduit for receiving a first portion of cooled and dried exhaust gases from the condenser, and a source of concentrated oxygen gas in fluid communication with the exhaust gas recirculation conduit for adding concentrated oxygen gas to the first portion of cooled and dried exhaust gases to create a gas mixture that is added to the combustor through the exhaust gas recirculation conduit, wherein the source of concentrated oxygen gas includes a valve responsive to an oxygen sensor in the exhaust gas recirculation conduit for regulating the flow of concentrated oxygen gas into the exhaust gas recirculation conduit.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于处理灰分含量高的有机废料的处理装置。 该装置包括用于燃烧有机废料以产生熔融无机灰和废气的炉渣的造渣燃烧器，用于接收来自燃烧器的废气和冷却废气的冷却器，用于从冷却器接收冷却的废气的冷凝器 以及干燥冷却的废气，废气再循环管道，用于从冷凝器接收冷却和干燥的废气的第一部分，以及与废气再循环管道流体连通的浓缩氧气源，用于将浓缩的氧气加入到 冷却和干燥废气的第一部分以产生通过废气再循环管道添加到燃烧器中的气体混合物，其中浓缩氧气源包括响应于废气再循环管道中的氧传感器的阀，用于调节 浓氧气流入排气再循环管道。

公开(公告)号：US06375908B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-23

申请号：US09429533

申请日：1999-10-28

Applicant: Melania Kaszas-Savos ,  Tiberiu Kaszas

Inventor： Melania Kaszas-Savos ,  Tiberiu Kaszas

IPC: B01D5364

CPC classification number: B01D53/64 ,  C22B7/001 ,  F23G5/006 ,  F23G2201/30 ,  F23G2201/701 ,  F23G2201/80 ,  F23G2202/103 ,  F23G2203/20 ,  F23G2203/50 ,  F23J2215/60 ,  F23J2217/104 ,  F23J2219/70 ,  Y02P10/214 ,  Y10S423/18

Abstract: A process is disclosed for recovering raw materials, in particular heavy metals such as chromium, zinc, copper, lead, or nickel, by separation from waste and residues, wherein a liquid or viscous starting mixture and/or a starting mixture composed of crushed or ground components is first prepared. The invention is characterized in that the raw materials are separated by a thermochemical treatment. The liquid, viscous and/or solid starting mixture is first mixed with additives, depending on its composition, then subjected to a thermal treatment in an oven. The atmosphere in the oven flows through the starting mixture and the suspended materials thus generated as flakes or dust are conveyed out of the oven through a filter installation with several stages in which they are separated from the waste gas. The first filter is designed as a hot filter, after which the waste gas is cooled and after flowing through at least a second filter, pre-heated and then burnt at a high temperature. The process of the invention may be used, for example, to recover chromium (III) oxide from chromium-containing residues or zinc oxide from zinc-containing residues. Formation of chromium (III) oxide from chlorine-containing wastes occurs by formation and decomposition of chromyl chloride. Additives suitable for use in the invention may include those that comprise aluminum, aluminum oxide, iron, iron oxide, chlorine-containing material, sulfur-containing, milled plastics, granulated plastics, peroxides, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide or combinations thereof.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于通过与废物和残余物分离来回收原材料，特别是重金属如铬，锌，铜，铅或镍的方法，其中液体或粘性起始混合物和/或由粉碎或 首先准备地面部件。 本发明的特征在于通过热化学处理分离原料。 首先将液体，粘性和/或固体起始混合物与添加剂混合，这取决于其组成，然后在烘箱中进行热处理。 烘箱中的气氛流过起始混合物，并且由此产生的悬浮物质以片状或灰尘的形式通过过滤装置从烘箱输送出去，其中它们与废气分离。 将第一过滤器设计为热过滤器，然后将废气冷却并流过至少第二过滤器，预热，然后在高温下燃烧。 本发明的方法可以用于例如从含铬残渣或含锌残渣的氧化锌中回收氧化铬（III）。 由含氯废物形成氧化铬（III）是由氯化氯的形成和分解产生的。 适用于本发明的添加剂可以包括包含铝，氧化铝，铁，氧化铁，含氯材料，含硫的，研磨的塑料，粒状塑料，过氧化物，氧化硅，氧化镁或其组合的添加剂。

公开(公告)号：US20020033123A1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-21

申请号：US09911693

申请日：2001-07-25

Applicant: SUMITOMO METAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.,

Inventor： Takaiku Yamamoto ,  Hideyuki Yamaoka ,  Yoshinori Matsukura ,  Hirotaka Sato ,  Katsuya Isaka ,  Akio Mutsuta ,  Hiroaki Ishida ,  Hitoshi Matsubara ,  Tatsuo Nakashima ,  Takahiro Yano ,  Noboru Furukawa ,  Teruo Oowada

IPC: F23G005/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/14 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J2200/154 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  C10K1/002 ,  C10K1/003 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K1/024 ,  C21C5/4606 ,  C22B7/001 ,  C22B7/04 ,  F23G5/24 ,  F23G2201/40 ,  F23G2201/701 ,  F23G2202/20 ,  F23L2900/07007 ,  F27B1/10 ,  Y02E20/344 ,  Y02P10/214 ,  Y02P10/34 ,  Y02P20/129

Abstract: By using a gasification and melting furnace for wastes having a vertically movable furnace center lance disposed along the axis of the furnace and adapted to blow off a combustion sustaining gas downward into the furnace, one or more stages of upper tuyeres disposed so that the angle at which the combustion sustaining gas is blown off into the furnace is displaced from the furnace axis direction, and one or more stages of lower tuyeres projected into the furnace so as to blow off a combustion sustaining gas or both combustion sustaining gas and fuel toward the furnace axis, it is possible to prevent the formation of a low temperature region in the furnace and concentrate a fire spot for the combustion of wastes. As a result, molten slag and various metals, as well as an energy gas, which are high in added value, can be recovered stably. Further, if the ratio of the diameter, df, of a fire spot formed by the furnace center lance to the inside diameter, D, of the furnace is controlled to df/Dnull0.6 by vertical movements of the furnace center lance, it becomes possible to further concentrate the fire spot which is for the combustion of wastes. As a result, molten slag and various metals, as well as an energy gas, which are high in added value, can be recovered in a still more stable manner.

Abstract translation: 通过使用气化和熔化炉，其具有沿着炉的轴线设置的可垂直移动的炉中心喷枪，并适于将燃烧持续气体向下吹入炉中，一个或多个上部风嘴的台阶设置成 将燃烧持续气体吹入炉内的燃烧气体从炉轴方向移位，一级或多级的下风嘴突出到炉中，以将燃烧持续气体或燃烧维持气体和燃料两者吹向炉 轴可以防止在炉中形成低温区域并集中用于废物燃烧的火点。 结果，可以稳定地回收熔融渣和各种金属以及附加值高的能量气体。 此外，如果通过炉中心喷枪的垂直运动将由炉中心喷枪形成的火点的直径df与炉内径D的比率控制为df / D <0.6，则 可以进一步集中用于废物燃烧的火点。 结果，可以以更稳定的方式回收熔融渣和各种金属以及附加值高的能量气体。