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    Radiation hardness of optical fibers
    141.
    发明授权
    Radiation hardness of optical fibers 失效
    光纤的辐射硬度

    公开(公告)号：US4182664A

    公开(公告)日：1980-01-08

    申请号：US802745

    申请日：1977-06-02

    Applicant: Mokhtar S. Maklad ,  George H. Sigel, Jr. ,  Gary W. Bickel

    Inventor： Mokhtar S. Maklad ,  George H. Sigel, Jr. ,  Gary W. Bickel

    IPC: C03B37/14 ,  G02B6/02 ,  B01J1/10

    CPC classification number: C03B37/14 ,  G02B6/02 ,  Y02P40/57

    Abstract: Optical fibers of silica and plastic composition are rendered relatively stable to nuclear radiation induced optical losses by preirradiating with a high initial radiation dosage. Subsequent exposure of the radiation hardended fibers produce substantially lower radiation induced optical loss and faster fiber transmission recovery rates.

    Abstract translation: 二氧化硅和塑料组合物的光纤通过预辐射具有较高的初始辐射剂量使其对核辐射诱导的光学损耗相对稳定。 辐射硬化纤维的后续曝光产生显着降低的辐射诱导的光学损耗和更快的光纤传输恢复速率。

    Converting oxygen to ozone by U.V. radiation of a halogen saturated hydrocarbon liquid containing dissolved or absorbed oxygen
    142.
    发明授权
    Converting oxygen to ozone by U.V. radiation of a halogen saturated hydrocarbon liquid containing dissolved or absorbed oxygen 失效
    用紫外线将氧气转化为臭氧 辐射含有溶解或吸收氧气的卤素饱和烃液体

    公开(公告)号：US4182663A

    公开(公告)日：1980-01-08

    申请号：US885956

    申请日：1978-03-13

    Applicant: Vesper A. Vaseen

    Inventor： Vesper A. Vaseen

    IPC: B01J19/12 ,  C01B13/10 ,  B01J1/10 ,  A61L1/00

    CPC classification number: B01J19/123 ,  C01B13/10

    Abstract: This invention relates to the physical/chemical relationship wherein ultraviolet light energy excites the oxygen molecules to an extent the normal molecular form of oxygen O.sub.2 becomes O.sub.3 the physical chemical reaction is caused to take place by dissolving oxygen in an inert liquid, such as a fully halogen saturated hydrocarbon liquid, then radiating the absorber liquid with ultraviolet light; thus not only converting the soluble oxygen to ozone but also retaining it in solution in the absorber liquid unit it is desired to be released for useful work of chemical oxidation and/or disinfection.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及物理/化学关系，其中紫外光能量激发氧分子到氧气的正常分子形式O 2变成O 3的程度，通过将氧气溶解在惰性液体中，例如完全氧化而发生物理化学反应 卤素饱和烃液体，然后用紫外线辐射吸收液体; 因此不仅将可溶性氧转化为臭氧，而且将其保留在吸收剂液体单元中的溶液中，期望释放其用于化学氧化和/或消毒的有用工作。

    Laser isotope separation using selective inhibition and encouragement of dimer formation
    143.
    发明授权
    Laser isotope separation using selective inhibition and encouragement of dimer formation 失效
    使用选择性抑制和鼓励二聚体形成的激光同位素分离

    公开(公告)号：US4179272A

    公开(公告)日：1979-12-18

    申请号：US820621

    申请日：1977-08-01

    Applicant: Bennett Kivel

    Inventor： Bennett Kivel

    IPC: B01D59/34 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B01J1/10 ,  B01D1/00

    CPC classification number: B01J19/121 ,  B01D59/34

    Abstract: Method and apparatus for inhibiting dimer formation of molecules of a selected isotope type in a cooled flow of gas to enhance the effectiveness of mass difference isotope separation techniques. Molecules in the flow containing atoms of the selected isotope type are selectively excited by infrared radiation in order to inhibit the formation of dimers and larger clusters of such molecules, while the molecules not containing atoms of the selected, excited type are encouraged to form dimers and higher order aggregates by the cooling of the gaseous flow. The molecules with the excited isotope will predominate in monomers and will constitute the enriched product stream, while the aggregated group comprising molecules having the unexcited isotope will predominate in dimers and larger clusters of molecules, forming the tails stream. The difference in diffusion coefficients between particles of the excited and unexcited isotopes is enhanced by the greater mass differences resulting from aggregation of unexcited particles into dimers and larger clusters. Prior art separation techniques which exploit differences in isotopic diffusion rates will consequently exhibit enhanced enrichment per stage by the utilization of the present invention.

    Abstract translation: 用于在冷却的气体流中抑制所选同位素型分子的二聚体形成的方法和装置，以提高质量差异同位素分离技术的有效性。 包含所选同位素类型的原子的流动分子被红外辐射选择性地激发，以便抑制二聚体和这种分子的较大簇的形成，而不包含所选激发型的原子的分子被形成二聚体 通过气流的冷却使高阶聚集。 具有激发的同位素的分子将在单体中占优势，并且将构成富集的产物流，而包含具有未刺激同位素的分子的聚集基团将以二聚体和更大的分子簇为主，形成尾流。 激发和未激发的同位素的颗粒之间的扩散系数的差异通过由未激发的颗粒聚集成二聚体和较大的簇而产生的更大的质量差异增强。 因此利用同位素扩散速率差异的现有技术的分离技术因此通过利用本发明显示每阶段的增强的富集。

    Isotope separation process
    145.
    发明授权
    Isotope separation process 失效
    同位素分离过程

    公开(公告)号：US4155822A

    公开(公告)日：1979-05-22

    申请号：US865122

    申请日：1977-12-28

    Applicant: William R. L. Thomas

    Inventor： William R. L. Thomas

    IPC: B01D59/34 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B01J1/10

    CPC classification number: B01D59/34 ,  B01J19/121

    Abstract: The instant invention relates to an improved process for separating a material into two or more parts in each of which the abundances of the isotopes of a given element differ from the abundances of the isotopes of the same element in said material. More particularly, the invention relates to a method for the isotopically selective excitation of gas phase molecules by multiple infrared photon absorption followed by a step wherein more of the excited molecules than non-excited molecules are converted to a chemically different form which may be separated by means known in the art. This invention is useful for, but not limited to, the separation of the principal isotopes of uranium.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于将材料分离成两个或更多个部分的改进方法，每个部分中给定元素的同位素的丰度与所述材料中同一元素的同位素的丰度不同。 更具体地说，本发明涉及一种通过多重红外光子吸收进行气相分子的同位素选择性激发的方法，随后是一个步骤，其中比非激发分子更多的激发分子被转化为化学上不同的形式，其可以由 本领域已知的方法。 本发明对于但不限于分离铀的主要同位素是有用的。

    Purification of silane via laser-induced chemistry
    146.
    发明授权
    Purification of silane via laser-induced chemistry 失效
    通过激光诱导化学纯化硅烷

    公开(公告)号：US4146449A

    公开(公告)日：1979-03-27

    申请号：US865348

    申请日：1977-12-28

    Applicant: John H. Clark ,  Robert G. Anderson

    Inventor： John H. Clark ,  Robert G. Anderson

    IPC: B01J19/12 ,  C01B33/04 ,  B01J1/10

    CPC classification number: C01B33/046 ,  B01J19/121

    Abstract: Impurities such as PH.sub.3, AsH.sub.3, and B.sub.2 H.sub.6 may be removed from SiH.sub.4 by means of selective photolysis with ultraviolet radiation of the appropriate wavelength. An ArF laser operating at 193 nm provides an efficient and effective radiation source for the photolysis.

    Abstract translation: 通过用适当波长的紫外线照射的选择性光解可以将诸如PH 3，AsH 3和B 2 H 6的杂质从SiH 4中除去。 在193nm工作的ArF激光器为光解提供了有效和有效的辐射源。

    Multi-step chemical and radiation process
    147.
    发明授权
    Multi-step chemical and radiation process 失效
    多步化学和辐射过程

    公开(公告)号：US4140601A

    公开(公告)日：1979-02-20

    申请号：US667610

    申请日：1976-03-16

    Applicant: Henry J. Gomberg

    Inventor： Henry J. Gomberg

    IPC: B01J19/08 ,  B01J19/12 ,  C01B3/06 ,  G21D9/00 ,  G21H5/00 ,  B01J1/10

    CPC classification number: G21D9/00 ,  B01J19/081 ,  C01B3/068 ,  Y02E60/36

    Abstract: A process which utilizes radiation energy, preferably that obtained from a fusion reaction and which includes selecting starting chemical materials having at least two molecules such as calcium bromide and water which contain as a part thereof a desired product H.sub.2, a by-product O.sub.2 and which chemically form an active material HBr that may be dissociated by radiation. A two step process permits the radiolytically dissociated Br to react with residual molecules to form and recycle the starting material CaBr.sub.2. A combination of thermochemical and radiolytic reactions such as available in nuclear reactions therefore produces a greater yield of a desired end product such as hydrogen, also producing a by-product such as oxygen from a low cost expendable source material such as water, and reforms the starting material. Also the process provides for convenient separation of the desired end products.

    Abstract translation: 一种利用辐射能的方法，其优选是由融合反应获得的，其中包括选择具有至少两个分子的起始化学物质，例如溴化钙和水，其含有一部分所需的产物H 2，副产物O 2和 化学形成可能被辐射离解的活性物质HBr。 两步法允许放射分解的Br与残留的分子反应以形成和再循环起始材料CaBr 2。 因此，诸如可用于核反应的热化学和放射反应的组合因此产生更高的期望的最终产物如氢气的产率，还从低成本的消耗性源材料例如水产生副产物如氧气，并且将 起始材料 此外，该方法提供了方便分离所需的最终产品。

    Multi-step chemical and radiation process for the production of gas
    148.
    发明授权
    Multi-step chemical and radiation process for the production of gas 失效
    用于生产气体的多步骤化学和辐射过程

    公开(公告)号：US4140600A

    公开(公告)日：1979-02-20

    申请号：US667520

    申请日：1976-03-16

    Applicant: Henry J. Gomberg

    Inventor： Henry J. Gomberg

    IPC: C01B3/02 ,  B01J19/08 ,  C01B3/06 ,  C01B7/09 ,  C01B13/02 ,  G21H5/00 ,  B01J1/10

    CPC classification number: B01J19/081 ,  C01B3/068 ,  Y02E60/36

    Abstract: A multi-step chemical and radiation process for the production of a gas such as hydrogen utilizing radiation from a fusion reactor which includes reacting a hydrolyzable alkaline earth halide with water at a temperature to form an alkaline earth hydroxide and the hydrogen halide, separating the hydrogen halide and subjecting it to radiation from a fusion reaction to produce hydrogen gas and halide molecules. The gas is then separated and utilized as a direct fuel or as a base for hydrocarbon fuels.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于利用来自聚变反应器的辐射来生产气体例如氢气的多步骤化学和辐射方法，该方法包括使可水解的碱土卤化物与水在一定温度下反应形成碱土金属氢氧化物和卤化氢，从而分离氢 卤化物并经受来自融合反应的辐射以产生氢气和卤化物分子。 然后将气体分离并用作直接燃料或用作烃燃料的基础。

    Method for isotope separation by means of coherent electromagnetic radiation
    149.
    发明授权
    Method for isotope separation by means of coherent electromagnetic radiation 失效
    通过相干电磁辐射同位素分离的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4138297A

    公开(公告)日：1979-02-06

    申请号：US773505

    申请日：1977-03-02

    Applicant: Karl Janner ,  Klaus Gregorius ,  Heinz Stehle

    Inventor： Karl Janner ,  Klaus Gregorius ,  Heinz Stehle

    IPC: B01D59/34 ,  G02B27/00 ,  B01J1/10

    CPC classification number: B01D59/34

    Abstract: Method for isotope separation or enrichment in a vaporous mixture of compounds containing the isotopes to selectively excite the group of molecules containing one isotope by means of coherent, polarized electromagnetic radiation (lasers) in which a frequency shift is prevented or greatly reduced and the excitation state can be driven very high to beyond the dissociation limit. This is accomplished by adjusting the frequency and field strength of the radiation so that the dipole moment of the group of molecules to be excited, oscillates, at least at the final amplitude, mainly in phase opposition to the exciting field, and the other group of molecules mainly in phase with the exciting field. In another procedure the radiation has a frequency closer to the resonance frequency of the group of molecules to be separated and is of the order of magnitude of the isotope-determined frequency difference, and both groups of molecules operate in phase opposition.

    Abstract translation: 含有同位素的化合物的汽相混合物中同位素分离或富集的方法，用于通过相干偏振电磁辐射（激光）选择性地激发含有一个同位素的分子组，其中抑制了频移或大大降低了激发态 可以驱动非常高，超过解离极限。 这是通过调节辐射的频率和场强来实现的，使得待激发的分子组的偶极矩至少在最后的幅度振荡，主要与激励场相反，而另一组 分子主要与激发场相同步。 在另一个过程中，辐射具有更接近待分离的分子组的共振频率的频率，并且是同位素确定的频率差的数量级，并且两组分子以相反方向操作。

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