Abstract:
The invention relates to the hydrocarbon upgrading to produce aromatic hydrocarbon, to equipment and materials useful in such upgrading, and to the use of such upgrading for, e.g., producing aromatic hydrocarbon natural gas. The upgrading can be carried out in the presence of a dehydrocyclization catalyst comprising at least one dehydrogenation component and at least one molecular sieve.
Abstract:
Methods are provided for improving the yield of aromatics during conversion of oxygenate feeds. An oxygenate feed can contain a mixture of oxygenate compounds, including one or more compounds with a hydrogen index of less than 2, so that an effective hydrogen index of the mixture of oxygenates is between about 1.4 and 1.9. Methods are also provided for converting a mixture of oxygenates with an effective hydrogen index greater than about 1 with a pyrolysis oil co-feed. The difficulties in co-processing a pyrolysis oil can be reduced or minimized by staging the introduction of pyrolysis oil into a reaction system. This can allow varying mixtures of pyrolysis oil and methanol, or another oxygenate feed, to be introduced into a reaction system at various feed entry points.
Abstract:
Methods are provided for improving the yield of aromatics during conversion of oxygenate feeds. An oxygenate feed can contain a mixture of oxygenate compounds, including one or more compounds with a hydrogen index of less than 2, so that an effective hydrogen index of the mixture of oxygenates is between about 1.4 and 1.9. Methods are also provided for converting a mixture of oxygenates with an effective hydrogen index greater than about 1 with a pyrolysis oil co-feed. The difficulties in co-processing a pyrolysis oil can be reduced or minimized by staging the introduction of pyrolysis oil into a reaction system. This can allow varying mixtures of pyrolysis oil and methanol, or another oxygenate feed, to be introduced into a reaction system at various feed entry points.
Abstract:
Processes for catalytically converting oxygenates to hydrocarbon products having an increased C6-C8 aromatics content therein. A first mixture comprising ≧10.0 wt. % of at least one oxygenate, based on the weight of the first mixture, contacts a catalyst in a fluidized bed reactor to produce a product stream including water, one or more hydrocarbons comprising ≧30.0 wt. % of aromatics, based on the weight of the hydrocarbons in the product stream, hydrogen, and one or more oxygenates. The catalyst comprises at least one molecular sieve, a binder, and at least one element selected from Groups 2-14 of the Periodic Table. At least one water-rich stream, at least one aromatic-rich hydrocarbon stream, and at least one aromatic-depleted hydrocarbon stream are separated from the product stream, and at least a portion of one of the aromatic-rich hydrocarbon stream or the aromatic-depleted hydrocarbon stream is recycled back to the reactor.
Abstract:
Methods are provided for improving the yield of aromatics during conversion of oxygenate feeds. An oxygenate feed can contain a mixture of oxygenate compounds, including one or more compounds with a hydrogen index of less than 2, so that an effective hydrogen index of the mixture of oxygenates is between about 1.4 and 1.9. Methods are also provided for converting a mixture of oxygenates with an effective hydrogen index greater than about 1 with a pyrolysis oil co-feed. The difficulties in co-processing a pyrolysis oil can be reduced or minimized by staging the introduction of pyrolysis oil into a reaction system. This can allow varying mixtures of pyrolysis oil and methanol, or another oxygenate feed, to be introduced into a reaction system at various feed entry points.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the production of aromatic hydrocarbon by the conversion of a feed comprising C2+ non-aromatic hydrocarbon, e.g., natural gas. The invention is particularly useful in converting natural gas to liquid-phase aromatic hydrocarbon, which can be more easily transported away from remote natural gas production facilities. The conversion is carried out in the presence of a dehydrocyclization catalyst comprising dehydrogenation and molecular sieve components. The dehydrocyclization catalyst has an average residence time of 90 seconds or less.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the conversion of light hydrocarbon to higher-value hydrocarbon, such as aromatic hydrocarbon, to equipment and materials useful in such conversion, and to the use of such conversion for, e.g., natural gas upgrading. The conversion can be carried out in two stages, with each stage containing a dehydrocyclization catalyst comprising at least one dehydrogenation component and at least one molecular sieve.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a multistage process and catalyst system therefor to convert syngas to aromatics. In a first stage, syngas is converted to a C1-C4 alcohol mixture by contacting syngas with a first catalyst comprising rhodium or copper at moderate temperature. In a second stage, the C1-C4 alcohol mixture is converted into an aromatic product by contact with a second catalyst comprising a molecular sieve and at least one Group 8-14 element, the molecular sieve having a Constraint Index about 1 to 12 and a silica to alumina ratio of about 10 to 100 at effective conversion conditions. The final aromatic product is rich in benzene, toluene, and xylenes (e.g. greater than 50% aromatics on a hydrocarbon basis).
Abstract:
A catalyst system and processes for combined aromatization and selective hydrogen combustion of oxygenated hydrocarbons are disclosed. The catalyst system contains at least one aromatization component and at least one selective hydrogen combustion component. The process is such that the yield of hydrogen is less than the yield of hydrogen when contacting the hydrocarbons with the aromatization component alone.
Abstract:
Processes for converting C8 aromatic hydrocarbons. In some embodiments, the process can include feeding a gaseous hydrocarbon feed that can include meta-xylene, ortho-xylene, or both into a conversion zone. The process can also include contacting the gaseous hydrocarbon feed with a catalyst that can include a ZSM-11 zeolite in the conversion zone under conversion conditions to effect isomerization of at least a portion of any meta-xylene, or at least a portion of any ortho-xylene, or both to produce a conversion product rich in para-xylene. In some embodiments, the ZSM-11 zeolite can have an alpha value of 1 to 3,000 and a molar ratio of silica to alumina of from 15 to 200.